name
Meaning 1
A surname.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
Standard Lemma guide
rust
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
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rŭst
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Received-Pronunciation, US: /ɹʌst/
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US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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Northern-England: /ɹʊst/
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Scotland, Wales: /ɾʌst/
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rhymes with -ʌst
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CMU ARPABET: R AH1 S T Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
name
Meaning 2
A township in Montmorency County, Michigan, United States.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
name
Meaning 3
A municipality in Ortenaukreis, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
name
Meaning 4
A small city in Burgenland, Austria.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
name
Meaning 5
A multiparadigm programming language focused on safety, especially safe concurrency.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Topics: computer-languages, computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
noun
Meaning 6
The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation; it consists mostly of iron(III) oxide (ferric oxide) and iron(II) oxide (ferrous oxide).
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
- The rust on my bicycle chain made cycling to work very dangerous.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
noun
Meaning 7
A similar substance based on another metal.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
- copper rust
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
noun
Meaning 8
A reddish-brown color.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
noun
Meaning 9
A disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus (Pucciniales).
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
noun
Meaning 10
Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Topics: hobbies, lifestyle, philately
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
verb
Meaning 11
To oxidize, especially of iron or steel.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive
Examples
- The patio furniture had rusted in the wind-driven spray.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
verb
Meaning 12
To cause to oxidize.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: transitive
Examples
- The wind-driven spray had thoroughly rusted the patio furniture.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
verb
Meaning 13
To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
verb
Meaning 14
To (cause to) degenerate in idleness; to make or become dull or impaired by inaction.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: ambitransitive, figuratively
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
verb
Meaning 15
Of a black cat or its fur, to turn rust-coloured following long periods of exposure to sunlight.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive
Examples
- It's very common for black cats to rust during the summer.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
adjective satellite
Meaning 16
of the brown color of rust
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: rusty, rust-brown
Antonyms: none provided
noun
Meaning 17
any of various fungi causing rust disease in plants
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: rust fungus
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: fungus
Narrower terms: flax rust, flax rust fungus, Melampsora lini, blister rust, Cronartium ribicola, wheat rust, Puccinia graminis, apple rust, cedar-apple rust, Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae
noun
Meaning 18
the formation of reddish-brown ferric oxides on iron by low-temperature oxidation in the presence of water
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: rusting
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: corrosion, corroding, erosion, oxidation, oxidization, oxidisation
noun
Meaning 19
a plant disease that produces a reddish-brown discoloration of leaves and stems; caused by various rust fungi
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: plant disease
Narrower terms: blister rust, white-pine rust, white pine blister rust
noun
Meaning 20
a red or brown oxide coating on iron or steel caused by the action of oxygen and moisture
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: ferric oxide
verb
Meaning 21
become coated with oxide
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: oxidise, oxidize, oxidate
verb
Meaning 22
become destroyed by water, air, or a corrosive such as an acid
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
- The metal corroded
- The pipes rusted
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: corrode
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: decay, crumble, dilapidate
Narrower terms: fret, eat away
verb
Meaning 23
cause to deteriorate due to the action of water, air, or an acid
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
- The acid corroded the metal
- The steady dripping of water rusted the metal stopper in the sink
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: corrode, eat
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: damage
History
Etymology
* As an Alemannic German surname, from Rust * As a German surname, from Middle Low German ruste, from Old Saxon rasta, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu, from Proto-Germanic *rastō (“rest, pause”). * As an English and Scots surname, from Old English rust (“red, ruddy”), from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.
Graydon Hoare, who initiated the language, has stated that it was possibly named after rust fungi and may be related to robust.
From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, rūst (“rust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudhso- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h1rewdh- (“red”). Cognate with Scots roust (“rust”), Saterland Frisian rust (“rust”), West Frisian roast (“rust”), Dutch roest (“rust”), German Rost (“rust”), Danish rust (“rust”), Swedish rost (“rust”), Norwegian rust, ryst (“rust”), Finnish ruoste, Estonian rooste. Related to red.
From Middle English rusten, from the noun (see above).
Across languages
Translations
318 source translations are retained for this English entry.
- Albanian: ndryshk — result of oxidation
- Albanian: dryshk — result of oxidation
- Southern Altai: тат (tat) — result of oxidation
- Amharic: ዝገት (zəgät) — result of oxidation
- Chungli Ao: song — result of oxidation
- Arabic: صَدَأ (ṣadaʔ) — result of oxidation
- Arabic: صَدَا (ṣada) — result of oxidation
- Armenian: ժանգ (žang) — result of oxidation
- Old Armenian: ժանգ (žang) — result of oxidation
- Assamese: মামৰ (mamor) — result of oxidation
- Assamese: কঁহ (kõh) — result of oxidation
- Asturian: roña — result of oxidation
- Asturian: ferruñu — result of oxidation
- Azerbaijani: pas — result of oxidation
- Banjarese: tagar — result of oxidation
- Bashkir: тут (tut) — result of oxidation
- Basque: herdoil — result of oxidation
- Bats: ჟანგ (žang) — result of oxidation
- Belarusian: іржа́ (iržá) — result of oxidation
- Central Bikol: takla — result of oxidation
- Bulgarian: ръжда́ (rǎždá) — result of oxidation
- Burmese: သံချေး (samhkye:) — result of oxidation
- Catalan: rovell — result of oxidation
- Cebuano: taya — result of oxidation
- Chinese Cantonese: 鏽 /锈 (sau3) — result of oxidation
- Chinese Mandarin: 鏽 /锈 (xiù) — result of oxidation
- Chinese Mandarin: 鐵鏽 /铁锈 (tiěxiù) — result of oxidation
- Cornish: gossen — result of oxidation
- Crimean Tatar: tot — result of oxidation
- Czech: rez — result of oxidation
- Danish: rust — result of oxidation
- Dhivehi: ދަބަރު (dabaru) — result of oxidation
- Dutch: roest — result of oxidation
- Dutch: oxidatie — result of oxidation
- Esperanto: rusto — result of oxidation
- Estonian: rooste — result of oxidation
- Evenki: сэмту (səmtu) — result of oxidation
- Faroese: rustur — result of oxidation
- Finnish: ruoste — result of oxidation
- French: rouille — result of oxidation
- Friulian: ruzin — result of oxidation
- Galician: ferruxe — result of oxidation
- Georgian: ჟანგი (žangi) — result of oxidation
- German: Rost — result of oxidation
- Gothic: 𐌽𐌹𐌳𐍅𐌰 (nidwa) — result of oxidation
- Greek: σκουριά (skouriá) — result of oxidation
- Ancient Greek: ἰός σιδήρου (iós sidḗrou) — result of oxidation
- Ancient Greek: ἰός (iós) — result of oxidation
- Hawaiian: kūkaehao — result of oxidation
- Hebrew: חֲלוּדָה — result of oxidation
- Hindi: मोरचा (morcā) — result of oxidation
- Hindi: जंग (jaṅg) — result of oxidation
- Hindi: ज़ंग (zaṅg) — result of oxidation
- Hungarian: rozsda — result of oxidation
- Icelandic: ryð — result of oxidation
- Ido: rusto — result of oxidation
- Indonesian: karat — result of oxidation
- Irish: meirg — result of oxidation
- Italian: ruggine — result of oxidation
- Japanese: 錆 (sabi) — result of oxidation
- Kalmyk: зев (zev) — result of oxidation
- Kapampangan: kalawang — result of oxidation
- Kazakh: тат (tat) — result of oxidation
- Kazakh: тот (tot) — result of oxidation
- Khmer: ច្រែះ (creh) — result of oxidation
- Korean: 녹 (nok) — result of oxidation
- Korean: 록 (rok) — result of oxidation
- Central Kurdish: ژەنگ (jeng) — result of oxidation
- Northern Kurdish: jeng — result of oxidation
- Kyrgyz: дат (dat) — result of oxidation
- Lao: ສະຫນິມ (sa nim) — result of oxidation
- Lao: ຫມ້ຽງ (mīang) — result of oxidation
- Latin: ferrūgō — result of oxidation
- Latin: rōbīgō — result of oxidation
- Latvian: rūsa — result of oxidation
- Laz: მჟანგი (mjangi) — result of oxidation
- Laz: ჯანგი (cangi) — result of oxidation
- Lithuanian: rūdys — result of oxidation
- Luxembourgish: Rascht — result of oxidation
- Macedonian: ’рѓа (’rǵa) — result of oxidation
- Maguindanao: tangis — result of oxidation
- Malay: karat — result of oxidation
- Malay: tahi besi — result of oxidation
- Malayalam: തുരുമ്പ് (turumpŭ) — result of oxidation
- Maltese: sadid — result of oxidation
- Manchu: ᠰᡝᠪᡩᡝᠨ (sebden) — result of oxidation
- Māori: waikura — result of oxidation
- Maranao: tangis — result of oxidation
- Mauritian Creole: larouy — result of oxidation
- Middle English: rust — result of oxidation
- Mongolian: зэв (zev) — result of oxidation
- Nanai: сэптучэ (septuče) — result of oxidation
- Nepali: खिया (khiyā) — result of oxidation
- Norman: roui — result of oxidation
- Norwegian Bokmål: rust — result of oxidation
- Norwegian Nynorsk: rust — result of oxidation
- Occitan: rovilh — result of oxidation
- Church Slavic: ръжда (rŭžda) — result of oxidation
- Old East Slavic: ръжа (rŭža) — result of oxidation
- Oroch: сэмту — result of oxidation
- Orok: сэпту (səptu) — result of oxidation
- Pangasinan: lati — result of oxidation
- Pashto: زنګ (zang) — result of oxidation
- Pashto: مرچه (morčá) — result of oxidation
- Pashto: مورچه (murča) — result of oxidation
- Persian: زنگ (zang) — result of oxidation
- Persian: زنگار (zangâr) — result of oxidation
- Persian: ژنگ (žang) — result of oxidation
- Polish: rdza — result of oxidation
- Portuguese: ferrugem — result of oxidation
- Romanian: rugină — result of oxidation
- Russian: ржа́вчина (ržávčina) — result of oxidation
- Russian: ржа (rža) — result of oxidation
- Kildin-Sami: рӯсст (rūsst) — result of oxidation
- Northern Sami: ruosta — result of oxidation
- Sanskrit: किट्ट (kiṭṭa) — result of oxidation
- Sardinian: arroina — result of oxidation
- Sardinian: arrúnia — result of oxidation
- Sardinian: orroina — result of oxidation
- Sardinian: rubinzu — result of oxidation
- Sardinian: arroinu — result of oxidation
- Sardinian: ruinu — result of oxidation
- Sardinian: arruinu — result of oxidation
- Serbo-Croatian: рђа — result of oxidation
- Serbo-Croatian: rđa — result of oxidation
- Sicilian: firrunìa — result of oxidation
- Sicilian: rìsina — result of oxidation
- Sikkimese: ལྕགས་གཡའ (lcags g.ya') — result of oxidation
- Slovak: hrdza — result of oxidation
- Slovene: rja — result of oxidation
- Lower Sorbian: zarz — result of oxidation
- Spanish: óxido — result of oxidation
- Spanish: herrumbre — result of oxidation
- Spanish: moho — result of oxidation
- Spanish: orín — result of oxidation
- Sundanese: tai hiang — result of oxidation
- Swedish: rost — result of oxidation
- Tagalog: kalawang — result of oxidation
- Tajik: занг (zang) — result of oxidation
- Tamil: துரு (turu) — result of oxidation
- Tashelhit: tanikt — result of oxidation
- Tatar: тутык (tutıq) — result of oxidation
- Tausug: gaha — result of oxidation
- Thai: สนิม (sà-nǐm) — result of oxidation
- Tibetan: བཙའ (btsa') — result of oxidation
- Tocharian B: kentse — result of oxidation
- Turkish: pas — result of oxidation
- Ottoman Turkish: پاس (pas) — result of oxidation
- Ottoman Turkish: چرك (çirk) — result of oxidation
- Turkmen: pos — result of oxidation
- Udihe: сэмту — result of oxidation
- Ukrainian: іржа́ (iržá) — result of oxidation
- Ukrainian: ржа (rža) — result of oxidation
- Ulch: сэптучэ — result of oxidation
- Urdu: زنگ (zang) — result of oxidation
- Uyghur: دات (dat) — result of oxidation
- Uyghur: زەڭ (zeng) — result of oxidation
- Uzbek: zang — result of oxidation
- Venetan: rùxen — result of oxidation
- Venetan: rùxene — result of oxidation
- Venetan: rùzen — result of oxidation
- Venetan: rùzene — result of oxidation
- Vietnamese: rỉ sét — result of oxidation
- Volapük: ruil — result of oxidation
- Volapük: lelaxüd — result of oxidation
- Waray-Waray: arakaak — result of oxidation
- Welsh: rhwd — result of oxidation
- Yakut: дьэбин (jebin) — result of oxidation
- Yiddish: זשאַווער (zhaver) — result of oxidation
- Zazaki: cengar — result of oxidation
- Bashkir: ҡыҙғылт көрән (qıźğılt körən) — colour
- Dutch: roestbruin — colour
- Esperanto: rustokoloro — colour
- Finnish: ruosteenruskea — colour
- French: rouille — colour
- Georgian: ჟანგმიწა (žangmic̣a) — colour
- German: Rostbraun — colour
- Hungarian: rozsdabarna — colour
- Ido: rusteakoloro — colour
- Indonesian: karat — colour
- Latvian: ruds — colour
- Mongolian: зэвийн өнгө (zeviin öngö) — colour
- Navajo: ńdiniichxííh — colour
- Norwegian Bokmål: rustrød — colour
- Norwegian Nynorsk: rustraud — colour
- Portuguese: ferrugem — colour
- Romanian: ruginiu — colour
- Spanish: marrón — colour
- Spanish: rojizo — colour
- Swedish: rostbrun — colour
- Swedish: rostfärgad — colour
- Tamil: செம்பழுப்பு (cempaḻuppu) — colour
- Volapük: ruilaköl — colour
- Albanian: vrug — plant disease
- Basque: herdoil — plant disease
- Bulgarian: ръжда (rǎžda) — plant disease
- Catalan: rovell — plant disease
- Chinese Mandarin: 鏽病 /锈病 (xiùbìng) — plant disease
- Czech: rez — plant disease
- Finnish: ruoste — plant disease
- French: rouille — plant disease
- Georgian: გუდაფშუტა (gudapšuṭa) — plant disease
- German: Rost — plant disease
- German: Weizenbraunrost — plant disease
- German: Schwarzrost — plant disease
- Greek: σκωρίαση (skoríasi) — plant disease
- Ancient Greek: ἐρυσίβη (erusíbē) — plant disease
- Hungarian: gabonaüszög — plant disease
- Hungarian: üszög — plant disease
- Hungarian: rozsda — plant disease
- Icelandic: ryð — plant disease
- Irish: caoch rua — plant disease
- Italian: ruggine — plant disease
- Japanese: さび病 (sabyō) — plant disease
- Central Kurdish: ژەنگ (jeng) — plant disease
- Latin: rōbīgō — plant disease
- Middle English: rust — plant disease
- Norwegian Bokmål: rust — plant disease
- Norwegian Nynorsk: rust — plant disease
- Polish: rdza — plant disease
- Portuguese: ferrugem — plant disease
- Romanian: rugină — plant disease
- Russian: ржа́вчина (ržávčina) — plant disease
- Russian: ржа (rža) — plant disease
- Spanish: roya — plant disease
- Spanish: herrumbre — plant disease
- Swedish: rost — plant disease
- Volapük: ruiläd — plant disease
- Welsh: cawod goch — plant disease
- Arabic: صَدَّأَ (ṣaddaʔa) — to oxidise
- Arabic: صَدَّا (ṣadda) — to oxidise
- Asturian: aferruñar — to oxidise
- Belarusian: іржаве́ць (iržavjécʹ) — to oxidise
- Belarusian: ржаве́ць (ržavjécʹ) — to oxidise
- Belarusian: заржаве́ць (zaržavjécʹ) — to oxidise
- Breton: merglañ — to oxidise
- Bulgarian: ръждясвам (rǎždjasvam) — to oxidise
- Burmese: သံချေးတက် (samhkye:tak) — to oxidise
- Catalan: rovellar — to oxidise
- Catalan: oxidar — to oxidise
- Chinese Cantonese: 生鏽 /生锈 (saang1 sau3) — to oxidise
- Chinese Mandarin: 生鏽 /生锈 (shēngxiù) — to oxidise
- Cornish: gosseni — to oxidise
- Crimean Tatar: totlanmaq — to oxidise
- Czech: rezavět — to oxidise
- Dhivehi: ދަބަރުޖެހުނ (dabarujehun) — to oxidise
- Dutch: roesten — to oxidise
- Dutch: verroesten — to oxidise
- Dutch: oxideren — to oxidise
- Esperanto: rustiĝi — to oxidise
- Finnish: ruostua — to oxidise
- French: rouiller — to oxidise
- French: oxyder — to oxidise
- Friulian: inruzinî — to oxidise
- Galician: enferruxar — to oxidise
- Galician: oxidar — to oxidise
- German: verrosten — to oxidise
- German: rosten — to oxidise
- Haitian Creole: wouye — to oxidise
- Hungarian: rozsdásodik — to oxidise
- Hungarian: berozsdál — to oxidise
- Icelandic: ryðga — to oxidise
- Ido: rustigar — to oxidise
- Ido: rustifar — to oxidise
- Ido: rusteskar — to oxidise
- Italian: ossidare — to oxidise
- Japanese: 錆びる (sabiru) — to oxidise
- Khmer: ច្រែះចាប់ (creh cap) — to oxidise
- Khmer: ដុះច្រែះ (doh creh) — to oxidise
- Central Kurdish: ژەنگ ھەڵھێنان (jeng hellhênan) — to oxidise
- Latin: robigino — to oxidise
- Latin: aerūginō — to oxidise
- Latvian: rūsēt — to oxidise
- Luxembourgish: raschten — to oxidise
- Macedonian: ’рѓосува (’rǵosuva) — to oxidise
- Malayalam: തുരുമ്പിക്കുക (turumpikkuka) — to oxidise
- Middle English: rusten — to oxidise
- Mongolian: зэврэх (zevrex) — to oxidise
- Mongolian: зэвтэх (zevtex) — to oxidise
- Navajo: ńdiniichxííh — to oxidise
- Nepali: खिया लाग्नु (khiyā lāgnu) — to oxidise
- Nepali: खिइनु (khiinu) — to oxidise
- Norwegian: ruste — to oxidise
- Occitan: rovilhar — to oxidise
- Polish: rdzewieć — to oxidise
- Polish: zardzewieć — to oxidise
- Portuguese: enferrujar — to oxidise
- Portuguese: oxidar — to oxidise
- Romanian: rugini — to oxidise
- Romanian: oxida — to oxidise
- Russian: ржаве́ть (ržavétʹ) — to oxidise
- Russian: заржа́ве́ть (zaržávétʹ) — to oxidise
- Slovak: hrdzavieť — to oxidise
- Spanish: aherrumbrarse — to oxidise
- Spanish: oxidarse — to oxidise
- Swedish: rosta — to oxidise
- Tamil: துருப்பிடி (turuppiṭi) — to oxidise
- Turkish: paslanmak — to oxidise
- Ottoman Turkish: پاسلانمق (paslanmak) — to oxidise
- Udmurt: сыномыны (synomyny) — to oxidise
- Ukrainian: іржа́віти (iržávity) — to oxidise
- Ukrainian: ржаві́ти (ržavíty) — to oxidise
- Ukrainian: заіржа́віти (zairžávity) — to oxidise
- Ukrainian: заржаві́ти (zaržavíty) — to oxidise
- Vietnamese: rỉ — to oxidise
- Welsh: rhydu — to oxidise
- Finnish: ruostuttaa — to cause to oxidise
- French: enrouiller — to cause to oxidise
- Macedonian: ’рѓосува (’rǵosuva) — to cause to oxidise
- Mongolian: зэврүүлэх (zevrüülex) — to cause to oxidise
- Portuguese: enferrujar — to cause to oxidise
- Portuguese: oxidar — to cause to oxidise
- Spanish: aherrumbrar — to cause to oxidise
- Spanish: herrumbrar — to cause to oxidise
- Spanish: oxidar — to cause to oxidise
- Turkish: paslatmak — to cause to oxidise
- Turkish: paslandırmak — to cause to oxidise
- Welsh: rhydu — to cause to oxidise