Standard Lemma guide

sadness

noun · 5 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈsædnəs/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: S AE1 D N AH0 S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

The state or emotion of being sad.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: forlornness, melancholy

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

An event in one's life that causes sadness.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable

Examples

  • She has experienced many sadnesses in her forty years.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: misfortune, woe, affliction, aggrievance, distress, grief, grievance, hardship, misery, ruth, sadness, sorrow, undelight, vexation, wrong

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

the quality of excessive mournfulness and uncheerfulness

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: gloominess, lugubriousness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: uncheerfulness

4

noun

Meaning 4

emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: unhappiness

Antonyms: happiness

Broader terms: feeling

Narrower terms: dolefulness, heaviness, melancholy, misery, forlornness, loneliness, desolation, weepiness, tearfulness, sorrow, regret, rue, ruefulness, cheerlessness, uncheerfulness, depression, downheartedness, dejectedness, low-spiritedness, lowness, dispiritedness

5

noun

Meaning 5

the state of being sad

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • she tired of his perpetual sadness

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: sorrow, sorrowfulness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: unhappiness

Narrower terms: mourning, bereavement, poignance, poignancy

History

Etymology

From Middle English sadnesse, equivalent to sad + -ness.

Across languages

Translations

147 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: حُزْن (ḥuzn) — state/emotion
  • Arabic: اسف (asaf) — state/emotion
  • Armenian: տխրություն (txrutʻyun) — state/emotion
  • Armenian: թախիծ (tʻaxic) — state/emotion
  • Assamese: বেজাৰ (bezar) — state/emotion
  • Assamese: দুখ (dukh) — state/emotion
  • Asturian: tristura — state/emotion
  • Azerbaijani: kədər — state/emotion
  • Azerbaijani: hüzn — state/emotion
  • Bashkir: моң (moñ) — state/emotion
  • Bashkir: һағыш (hağış) — state/emotion
  • Bashkir: эс бошоу (es boşow) — state/emotion
  • Bashkir: бошонҡолоҡ (boşonqoloq) — state/emotion
  • Belarusian: печа́ль (pječálʹ) — state/emotion
  • Belarusian: сму́так (smútak) — state/emotion
  • Bengali: দুঃখ (dukkho) — state/emotion
  • Bengali: দেরেগ (dereg) — state/emotion
  • Bengali: গোসা (gōśa) — state/emotion
  • Bengali: নারাজী (naraji) — state/emotion
  • Bengali: বেজার (bejar) — state/emotion
  • Breton: tristidigezh — state/emotion
  • Bulgarian: скръб (skrǎb) — state/emotion
  • Bulgarian: печа́л (pečál) — state/emotion
  • Catalan: tristesa — state/emotion
  • Catalan: tristor — state/emotion
  • Cebuano: kasubo — state/emotion
  • Chinese Mandarin: 悲傷 /悲伤 (bēishāng) — state/emotion
  • Chinese Mandarin: 悲哀 (bēi'āi) — state/emotion
  • Ngazidja Comorian: huzuni — state/emotion
  • Czech: smutek — state/emotion
  • Danish: tristhed — state/emotion
  • Danish: bedrøvelse — state/emotion
  • Danish: sørgmodighed — state/emotion
  • Dutch: verdriet — state/emotion
  • Dutch: droefenis — state/emotion
  • Esperanto: malĝojo — state/emotion
  • Estonian: kurbus — state/emotion
  • Farefare: sũ-sã'aŋɔ — state/emotion
  • Finnish: surullisuus — state/emotion
  • French: tristesse — state/emotion
  • Galician: tristeza — state/emotion
  • Georgian: ნაღველი (naɣveli) — state/emotion
  • Georgian: მწუხარება (mc̣uxareba) — state/emotion
  • Georgian: მოწყენილობა (moc̣q̇eniloba) — state/emotion
  • Georgian: სევდა (sevda) — state/emotion
  • German: Traurigkeit — state/emotion
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉 (aglō) — state/emotion
  • Gothic: 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐍉 (trigō) — state/emotion
  • Greek: λύπη (lýpi) — state/emotion
  • Hebrew: עצב ('étsev) — state/emotion
  • Hindi: दुःख (duḥkh) — state/emotion
  • Hindi: ग़म (ġam) — state/emotion
  • Hindi: उदासी (udāsī) — state/emotion
  • Hungarian: szomorúság — state/emotion
  • Hungarian: üröm — state/emotion
  • Icelandic: sorg — state/emotion
  • Ido: chagreno — state/emotion
  • Indonesian: kesedihan — state/emotion
  • Irish: brón — state/emotion
  • Irish: cumha — state/emotion
  • Italian: tristezza — state/emotion
  • Japanese: 悲しみ (kanashimi) — state/emotion
  • Kazakh: мұң (mūñ) — state/emotion
  • Kazakh: шер (şer) — state/emotion
  • Kazakh: уайым (uaiym) — state/emotion
  • Khmer: សេចក្ដីព្រួយ (səckdəy pruəy) — state/emotion
  • Kikuyu: kĩeha — state/emotion
  • Korean: 슬픔 (seulpeum) — state/emotion
  • Central Kurdish: خەفەت (xefet) — state/emotion
  • Lao: ຄວາມໂສກເສົ້າ (khuām sōk sao) — state/emotion
  • Latin: trīstitia — state/emotion
  • Latvian: skumjas — state/emotion
  • Latvian: skumjums — state/emotion
  • Latvian: skumība — state/emotion
  • Lithuanian: liūdesys — state/emotion
  • Macedonian: тага (taga) — state/emotion
  • Manx: anghennallys — state/emotion
  • Māori: hinapouri — state/emotion
  • Māori: matarehu — state/emotion
  • Māori: pōuritanga — state/emotion
  • Marshallese: būrom̧ōj — state/emotion
  • Middle English: reuþe — state/emotion
  • Norwegian: melankoli — state/emotion
  • Norwegian Bokmål: sorg — state/emotion
  • Norwegian Bokmål: vemod — state/emotion
  • Norwegian Bokmål: tristhet — state/emotion
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: sorg — state/emotion
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: vemod — state/emotion
  • Occitan: tristesa — state/emotion
  • Occitan: tristor — state/emotion
  • Occitan: tristum — state/emotion
  • Old Occitan: tristicia — state/emotion
  • Old English: drēoriġnes — state/emotion
  • Persian: غمگینی (ġamgini) — state/emotion
  • Polish: smutek — state/emotion
  • Portuguese: tristeza — state/emotion
  • Punjabi: ਦੁੱਖ (dukkha) — state/emotion
  • Punjabi: ਦੁਖ (dukh) — state/emotion
  • Punjabi: دکھ (dkh) — state/emotion
  • Quechua: llakiy — state/emotion
  • Romanian: tristețe — state/emotion
  • Russian: печа́ль (pečálʹ) — state/emotion
  • Russian: грусть (grustʹ) — state/emotion
  • Russian: уны́ние (unýnije) — state/emotion
  • Russian: тоска́ (toská) — state/emotion
  • Scottish Gaelic: bròn — state/emotion
  • Scottish Gaelic: cianalas — state/emotion
  • Scottish Gaelic: dubhachas — state/emotion
  • Scottish Gaelic: gruaim — state/emotion
  • Scottish Gaelic: mulad — state/emotion
  • Scottish Gaelic: truime — state/emotion
  • Scottish Gaelic: tùirse — state/emotion
  • Serbo-Croatian: ту́га — state/emotion
  • Serbo-Croatian: жа̏ло̄ст — state/emotion
  • Serbo-Croatian: túga — state/emotion
  • Serbo-Croatian: žȁlōst — state/emotion
  • Slovak: smútok — state/emotion
  • Slovak: zármutok — state/emotion
  • Slovene: žalost — state/emotion
  • Spanish: tristeza — state/emotion
  • Spanish: engurrio — state/emotion
  • Swahili: huzuni — state/emotion
  • Swedish: sorgsenhet — state/emotion
  • Tagalog: lungkot — state/emotion
  • Tagalog: kalungkutan — state/emotion
  • Tashelhit: taguḍi — state/emotion
  • Thai: ความเศร้า (kwaam sâo) — state/emotion
  • Thai: ความทุกข์ (kwaam-túk) — state/emotion
  • Turkish: üzgünlük — state/emotion
  • Turkish: üzüntü — state/emotion
  • Ukrainian: печа́ль (pečálʹ) — state/emotion
  • Ukrainian: сму́ток (smútok) — state/emotion
  • Urdu: دکھ (dukh) — state/emotion
  • Vietnamese: buồn — state/emotion
  • Vietnamese: sự buồn rầu — state/emotion
  • Waray-Waray: kasubo — state/emotion
  • Welsh: tristwch — state/emotion
  • Chinese Mandarin: 悲傷的事情 /悲伤的事情 (bēishāng de shìqing) — event causing sadness
  • Finnish: suru — event causing sadness
  • French: malheur — event causing sadness
  • German: Schicksalsschlag — event causing sadness
  • German: Pech — event causing sadness
  • Marshallese: kabūrom̧ōj — event causing sadness
  • Spanish: desgracia — event causing sadness
  • Spanish: infortunio — event causing sadness
  • Swahili: huzuni — event causing sadness
  • Turkish: üzüntü — event causing sadness