adj · name · noun · verb · 14 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
Received-Pronunciation:/ˈsæfɹən/
Received-Pronunciation:/ˈsæfɹɒn/
Southern-England:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
General-American:/ˈsæfɹən/
General-American:/ˈsæfɹɑn/
obsolete:/ˈsæfəɹn/
rhymes with -æfɹən
CMU ARPABET:S AE1 F R AH0 N
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
adj
Meaning 1
Having an orange-yellow colour.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Examples
1794, Ann Radcliffe, The Mysteries of Udolpho, London: G.G. & J. Robinson, Volume 1, Chapter 9, p. 256, The sun was now set; but, under the dark branches of the almond trees, was seen the saffron glow of the west, spreading beyond the twilight of middle air.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
2
adj
Meaning 2
Associated with Hinduism, Hindus or Hindu nationalism.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Qualifier: Indian politics
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
name
Meaning 3
A female given name from English; a rare flower name from the saffron.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
4
noun
Meaning 4
A plant of species Crocus sativus, a crocus.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
2009, D. H. Sanaeinejad, S. N. Hosseini, Regression Models for Saffron Yields in Iran, Daoliang Li, Chunjiang Zhao (editors), Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture II, Volume 1, page 510, Usually the maximum temperature for October, November and December in the southern parts of Khorassan–the main saffron growing area of the Iran-does not exceed 20°C, while the minimum temperature reaches 0°C.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
5
noun
Meaning 5
A spice (seasoning) and colouring agent made from the stigma and part of the style of the plant, sometimes or formerly also used as a dye and insect repellent.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
1658, Thomas Muffet, The Theatre of Insects, [1634, Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum], quoted in 2008, Anna Suranyi, The Genius of the English Nation: Travel Writing and National Identity in Early Modern England, page 117-118, The Irish and Ireland people (who are frequently troubled with lice, and such as will fly, as they say, in summer) anoint their shirts with saffron, and to very good purpose, to drive away the lice, but after six months they wash their shirts again, putting fresh saffron into the lye.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: kesar
Antonyms: none provided
6
noun
Meaning 6
An orange-yellow colour, the colour of a lion's pelt.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: saffron yellow
Antonyms: none provided
7
verb
Meaning 7
To add saffron to (a food), for taste, colour etc.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Examples
saffroned water, saffroned rice
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
8
verb
Meaning 8
To give a saffron colour to (something).
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
9
verb
Meaning 9
To give a saffron colour to (something).
To dye (a fabric, garment, etc.) with a saffron-based dye.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Examples
1638, uncredited translator, Historie Naturall and Experimentall, of Life and Death by Francis Bacon, London: William Lee and Humphrey Mosley, p. 244, The same Irish, use to weare Saffroned Linnen, and Shirts; Which though it were, at first, devised to prevent Vermine, yet, howsoever, I take it, to be very usefull for Lengthening of Life [...]
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
10
verb
Meaning 10
To give a saffron colour to (something).
To colour (a metal or wooden surface) with a gilding product containing saffron.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Examples
Or warts, or wheales, it hangs upon her skinne.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
11
verb
Meaning 11
To embellish.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: figuratively
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
12
noun
Meaning 12
a shade of yellow tinged with orange
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: orange yellow
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: yellow, yellowness
Narrower terms: ocher, ochre
13
noun
Meaning 13
dried pungent stigmas of the Old World saffron crocus
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Old World crocus having purple or white flowers with aromatic pungent orange stigmas used in flavoring food
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: saffron crocus, Crocus sativus
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: crocus
History
Etymology
Etymology tree Aramaic צפרder. Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)bor. Medieval Latin safranumbor. Old French safranbor. Middle English saffron English saffron Inherited from Middle English saffron, borrowed from Old French safran, borrowed from Medieval Latin safranum, borrowed from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān), from Aramaic צפר.
Across languages
Translations
224 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Bulgarian:
яркожълт
(jarkožǎlt)
— having an orange-yellow colour
Catalan:
safrà
— having an orange-yellow colour
Finnish:
sahraminkeltainen
— having an orange-yellow colour
German:
safrangelb
— having an orange-yellow colour
German:
safranfarbig
— having an orange-yellow colour
Hindi:
केसरी
(kesrī)
— having an orange-yellow colour
Hindi:
केसरिया
(kesriyā)
— having an orange-yellow colour
Italian:
zafferano
— having an orange-yellow colour
Marathi:
केसरी
(kesrī)
— having an orange-yellow colour
Polish:
szafranowy
— having an orange-yellow colour
Portuguese:
açafroado
— having an orange-yellow colour
Romanian:
șofrăniu
— having an orange-yellow colour
Russian:
шафра́нный
(šafránnyj)
— having an orange-yellow colour
Russian:
шафра́новый
(šafránovyj)
— having an orange-yellow colour
Spanish:
de azafrán
— having an orange-yellow colour
Swedish:
saffransfärgad
— having an orange-yellow colour
Swedish:
saffransgul
— having an orange-yellow colour
Urdu:
کیسری
(kesrī)
— having an orange-yellow colour
Urdu:
کیسریا
(kesriyā)
— having an orange-yellow colour
Volapük:
safranayelovik
— having an orange-yellow colour
Albanian:
shafran
— plant
Albanian:
krrokull
— plant
Arabic:
زَعْفَرَان
(zaʕfarān)
— plant
Arabic:
زعفران
(zaʕfarān)
— plant
Arabic:
زعفران
(zaʕfarān)
— plant
Arabic:
زعفران
(zaʕfrān)
— plant
Armenian:
քրքում
(kʻrkʻum)
— plant
Asturian:
azafrán
— plant
Azerbaijani:
zəfəran
— plant
Bulgarian:
шафран
(šafran)
— plant
Burmese:
ကုံကုမံ
(kumku.mam)
— plant
Catalan:
safranera
— plant
Catalan:
safrà
— plant
Chinese Mandarin:
番紅花 /番红花
(fān hóng huā)
— plant
Chinese Mandarin:
藏紅花 /藏红花
(zànghónghuā)
— plant
Chinese Mandarin:
西紅花 /西红花
— plant
Cornish:
safran
— plant
Czech:
šafrán
— plant
Danish:
safran
— plant
Dargwa:
загӏпиран
(zaʿpiran)
— plant
Dutch:
saffraankrokus
— plant
Esperanto:
safrano
— plant
Estonian:
safran
— plant
Faroese:
safran
— plant
Finnish:
maustesahrami
— plant
French:
safran
— plant
Friulian:
zafaran
— plant
Galician:
azafrán
— plant
Galician:
sasafrán
— plant
Georgian:
ზაფრანა
(zaprana)
— plant
German:
Safran
— plant
Greek:
κρόκος
(krókos)
— plant
Ancient Greek:
κρόκος
(krókos)
— plant
Mycenaean Greek:
𐁉
(CROC)
— plant
Hawaiian:
keloko
— plant
Hindi:
केसर
(kesar)
— plant
Hindi:
कुंकुम
(kuṅkum)
— plant
Hindi:
कुमकुम
(kumkum)
— plant
Hindi:
ज़ाफ़रान
(zāfrān)
— plant
Hungarian:
sáfrány
— plant
Ido:
safrano
— plant
Italian:
zafferano
— plant
Japanese:
サフラン
(safuran)
— plant
Kannada:
ಕೇಸರಿ
(kēsari)
— plant
Kashmiri:
کۄنٛگ
(kọng)
— plant
Khmer:
រមៀត
(rɔɔrɔmiət)
— plant
Lao:
ຫຍ້າຝັ່ນ
(nyā fan)
— plant
Latin:
crocus
— plant
Latin:
safranum
— plant
Maltese:
żagħfran
— plant
Manx:
crogh
— plant
Marathi:
केसर
(kesar)
— plant
Mongolian:
гүргэм
(gürgem)
— plant
Norwegian Bokmål:
safrankrokus
— plant
Norwegian Nynorsk:
safrankrokus
— plant
Persian:
زعفران
(za'ferân)
— plant
Piedmontese:
safran
— plant
Polish:
szafran
— plant
Polish:
krokus
— plant
Portuguese:
açafrão
— plant
Romagnol:
ẓafarân
— plant
Romanian:
șofran
— plant
Russian:
шафра́н
(šafrán)
— plant
Sanskrit:
कुङ्कुम
(kuṅkuma)
— plant
Serbo-Croatian:
шафран
— plant
Serbo-Croatian:
šafran
— plant
Slovak:
šafran
— plant
Slovene:
žafran
— plant
Spanish:
azafrán
— plant
Swahili:
mzafarani
— plant
Swedish:
saffran
— plant
Tamil:
குங்குமப்பூ
(kuṅkumappū)
— plant
Thai:
หญ้าฝรั่น
(ya faran)
— plant
Turkish:
safran
— plant
Turkmen:
zagpyran
— plant
Urdu:
کیسر
(kesar)
— plant
Urdu:
زعفران
(za'farān)
— plant
Venetan:
croco
— plant
Venetan:
zafran
— plant
Vietnamese:
nghệ tây
— plant
Volapük:
safranakrok
— plant
Afrikaans:
saffraan
— spice
Arabic:
زعفران
(zaʕfarān)
— spice
Arabic:
زعفران
(zaʕfrān)
— spice
Armenian:
քրքում
(kʻrkʻum)
— spice
Asturian:
azafrán
— spice
Azerbaijani:
zəfəran
— spice
Bulgarian:
шафран
(šafran)
— spice
Burmese:
ကုံကုမံ
(kumku.mam)
— spice
Catalan:
safrà
— spice
Chinese Cantonese:
番紅花 /番红花
(faan1 hung4 faa1)
— spice
Cornish:
safran
— spice
Czech:
šafrán
— spice
Dhivehi:
ކުކުން
(kukun̊)
— spice
Dutch:
saffraan
— spice
Esperanto:
safrano
— spice
Finnish:
sahrami
— spice
French:
safran
— spice
Galician:
azafrán
— spice
Galician:
sasafrán
— spice
Georgian:
ყვითელი ყვავილი
(q̇viteli q̇vavili)
— spice