Standard Lemma guide

sanctuary

noun · 7 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈsæŋktjʊəɹi/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈsæŋkt͡ʃʊəɹi/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • General-American: /ˈsæŋkt͡ʃuˌɛɹi/
  • CMU ARPABET: S AE1 NG K CH UW0 EH2 R IY0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A place of safety, refuge, or protection.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • My car is a sanctuary, where none can disturb me except for people who cut me off.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: haven, refuge, shelter, zoar

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

An area set aside for protection.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • The bird sanctuary has strict restrictions on visitors so the birds aren't disturbed.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A state of being protected, asylum.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • The government granted sanctuary to the defector, protecting him from his former government.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

The consecrated (or sacred) area of a church or temple around its tabernacle or altar.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • Near-synonym: chancel (broadly synonymous)

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: presbytery, presbyterium, chancel[Appendix:Glossary

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

area around the altar of a church for the clergy and choir; often enclosed by a lattice or railing

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: chancel, bema

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: area

6

noun

Meaning 6

a shelter from danger or hardship

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: refuge, asylum

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: shelter

Narrower terms: harbor, harbour, safehold, safe house

7

noun

Meaning 7

a consecrated place where sacred objects are kept

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: place, property

Narrower terms: holy of holies, sanctum sanctorum, Tabernacle

History

Etymology

From Middle English seyntuarie, from Old French saintuaire, from Late Latin sanctuarium (“a sacred place, a shrine, a private cabinet, in Medieval Latin also temple, church, churchyard, cemetery, right of asylum”), from Latin sanctus (“holy, sacred”); see saint.

Across languages

Translations

154 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: vryplaas — place of safety or protection
  • Afrikaans: toevlugsoord — place of safety or protection
  • Bulgarian: светилище (svetilište) — place of safety or protection
  • Chinese Mandarin: 避難所 /避难所 (bìnànsuǒ) — place of safety or protection
  • Czech: útočiště — place of safety or protection
  • Danish: helle — place of safety or protection
  • Danish: fristed — place of safety or protection
  • Danish: tilflugtssted — place of safety or protection
  • Estonian: pühamu — place of safety or protection
  • Estonian: varjupaik — place of safety or protection
  • Finnish: turvapaikka — place of safety or protection
  • French: refuge — place of safety or protection
  • German: Zuflucht — place of safety or protection
  • German: Herberge — place of safety or protection
  • Greek: καταφύγιο (katafýgio) — place of safety or protection
  • Ancient Greek: ἄσυλον (ásulon) — place of safety or protection
  • Hebrew: מקלט m miklat — place of safety or protection
  • Hebrew: מפלט m miflat — place of safety or protection
  • Hebrew: מסתור m mistor — place of safety or protection
  • Hebrew: מחסה n makhasse — place of safety or protection
  • Hindi: शरणालय (śarṇālay) — place of safety or protection
  • Hungarian: szentély — place of safety or protection
  • Irish: tearmann — place of safety or protection
  • Italian: rifugio — place of safety or protection
  • Japanese: 避難所 (hinanjo) — place of safety or protection
  • Latin: tūtum — place of safety or protection
  • Latvian: patversme — place of safety or protection
  • Macedonian: засо́лниште (zasólnište) — place of safety or protection
  • Macedonian: прибе́жиште (pribéžište) — place of safety or protection
  • Māori: wāhi whakaruru — place of safety or protection
  • Māori: whakamaurutanga — place of safety or protection
  • Māori: punanga — place of safety or protection
  • Māori: kāinga punanga — place of safety or protection
  • Māori: āhuru mōwai — place of safety or protection
  • Middle English: grith — place of safety or protection
  • Norwegian Bokmål: tilfluktssted — place of safety or protection
  • Norwegian Bokmål: asyl — place of safety or protection
  • Norwegian Bokmål: fristed — place of safety or protection
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: tilfluktsstad — place of safety or protection
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: asyl — place of safety or protection
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: fristad — place of safety or protection
  • Old Church Slavonic: оубѣжище (uběžište) — place of safety or protection
  • Old English: friþstōw — place of safety or protection
  • Polish: sanktuarium — place of safety or protection
  • Portuguese: refúgio — place of safety or protection
  • Romanian: sanctuar — place of safety or protection
  • Romanian: refugiu — place of safety or protection
  • Romanian: adăpost — place of safety or protection
  • Russian: убе́жище (ubéžišče) — place of safety or protection
  • Russian: прибе́жище (pribéžišče) — place of safety or protection
  • Russian: прию́т (prijút) — place of safety or protection
  • Scottish Gaelic: tèarmann — place of safety or protection
  • Swedish: fristad — place of safety or protection
  • Swedish: tillflykt — place of safety or protection
  • Swedish: tillflyktsort — place of safety or protection
  • Tocharian B: waste — place of safety or protection
  • Tocharian B: śarāṃ — place of safety or protection
  • Turkish: mabet — place of safety or protection
  • Ukrainian: приту́лок (prytúlok) — place of safety or protection
  • Welsh: noddfa — place of safety or protection
  • Welsh: seintwar — place of safety or protection
  • Afrikaans: toevlugsoord — area set aside for protection
  • Afrikaans: hawe — area set aside for protection
  • Bulgarian: резерват (rezervat) — area set aside for protection
  • Estonian: varjupaik — area set aside for protection
  • Finnish: rauhoitusalue — area set aside for protection
  • Finnish: suojelualue — area set aside for protection
  • French: réserve — area set aside for protection
  • Greek: καταφύγιο (katafýgio) — area set aside for protection
  • Ancient Greek: ἄσυλον (ásulon) — area set aside for protection
  • Hebrew: שמורה m shmurá — area set aside for protection
  • Hungarian: menedékhely — area set aside for protection
  • Hungarian: védett terület — area set aside for protection
  • Indonesian: suaka — area set aside for protection
  • Irish: tearmann — area set aside for protection
  • Latin: sacrarium — area set aside for protection
  • Latin: fanum — area set aside for protection
  • Latvian: liegums — area set aside for protection
  • Macedonian: резерва́т (rezervát) — area set aside for protection
  • Māori: wāhi rāhui — area set aside for protection
  • Māori: whenua rāhui — area set aside for protection
  • Middle English: grith — area set aside for protection
  • Norwegian: reservat — area set aside for protection
  • Old English: friþstōw — area set aside for protection
  • Polish: sanktuarium — area set aside for protection
  • Portuguese: santuário — area set aside for protection
  • Romanian: rezervație — area set aside for protection
  • Russian: запове́дник (zapovédnik) — area set aside for protection
  • Russian: зака́зник (zakáznik) — area set aside for protection
  • Russian: резерва́ция (rezervácija) — area set aside for protection
  • Welsh: seintwar — area set aside for protection
  • Afrikaans: asiel — state of being protected
  • Bulgarian: убежище (ubežište) — state of being protected
  • Finnish: turvapaikka — state of being protected
  • French: asile — state of being protected
  • German: Asyl — state of being protected
  • Greek: άσυλο (ásylo) — state of being protected
  • Ancient Greek: ἄσυλον (ásulon) — state of being protected
  • Hebrew: מקלט m miklat — state of being protected
  • Hungarian: védettség — state of being protected
  • Indonesian: suaka — state of being protected
  • Irish: tearmann — state of being protected
  • Latin: fanum — state of being protected
  • Latvian: patvērums — state of being protected
  • Macedonian: прибе́жиште (pribéžište) — state of being protected
  • Macedonian: засолну́вање (zasolnúvanje) — state of being protected
  • Māori: rāhuitanga — state of being protected
  • Māori: whakamaurutanga — state of being protected
  • Middle English: grith — state of being protected
  • Norwegian Bokmål: tilflukt — state of being protected
  • Norwegian Bokmål: asyl — state of being protected
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: tilflukt — state of being protected
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: asyl — state of being protected
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: livd — state of being protected
  • Old English: ġebeorg — state of being protected
  • Romanian: azil — state of being protected
  • Russian: убе́жище (ubéžišče) — state of being protected
  • Afrikaans: heiligdom — consecrated area
  • Aghwan: 𐕌𐕒𐕡𐕟𐕒𐕡𐕙𐕒𐕡𐕎 (muc̣'urun) — consecrated area
  • Bulgarian: олтар (oltar) — consecrated area
  • Catalan: presbiteri — consecrated area
  • Catalan: santuari — consecrated area
  • Chinese Mandarin: 聖所 /圣所 (shèngsuǒ) — consecrated area
  • Czech: svatyně — consecrated area
  • Dutch: heiligdom — consecrated area
  • Esperanto: sanktejo — consecrated area
  • Estonian: pühamu — consecrated area
  • Finnish: pyhäkkö — consecrated area
  • French: sanctuaire — consecrated area
  • Galician: santuario — consecrated area
  • Greek: ιερό (ieró) — consecrated area
  • Greek: άδυτο (ádyto) — consecrated area
  • Ancient Greek: ἄδυτον (áduton) — consecrated area
  • Hebrew: מתחם קודש m mitkham kodesh — consecrated area
  • Hungarian: szentély — consecrated area
  • Italian: santuario — consecrated area
  • Italian: sancta sanctorum — consecrated area
  • Japanese: 聖域 (seiiki) — consecrated area
  • Latin: sacrarium — consecrated area
  • Latvian: svētnīca — consecrated area
  • Macedonian: свети́лиште (svetílište) — consecrated area
  • Māori: wāhi tapu — consecrated area
  • Norwegian Bokmål: helligdom — consecrated area
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: heilagdom — consecrated area
  • Old English: hāliġnes — consecrated area
  • Polish: sanktuarium — consecrated area
  • Portuguese: santuário — consecrated area
  • Romanian: sanctuar — consecrated area
  • Russian: святи́лище (svjatílišče) — consecrated area
  • Russian: алта́рь (altárʹ) — consecrated area
  • Spanish: santuario — consecrated area
  • Swedish: sanktuarium — consecrated area
  • Welsh: seintwar — consecrated area
  • Welsh: cysegrfa — consecrated area
Real reading context

sanctuary in complete knowledge articles