Standard Lemma guide
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
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noun
Damage, harm, hurt, injury.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: UK, archaic, countable, dialectal, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
noun
Someone who, or something which, causes harm; an injurer.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: UK, archaic, countable, dialectal
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Synonyms: harmer
Antonyms: none provided
noun
An injury or loss for which compensation is sought in a lawsuit; damage; also, expenses incurred by a claimant; costs.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: UK, archaic, countable, dialectal, obsolete
Qualifier: Scots law
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
noun
Something to be mourned or regretted.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: UK, archaic, dialectal, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
verb
To harm or injure (someone or something) physically.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: Scotland, UK, archaic, dialectal, transitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Synonyms: damage, wound, abuse, annoy, bewound, damnify, dere, do damage to, do for, do ill, do violence to, forwork, grieve, harm, harrow, hurt, injure, maul, mayhem, misdo, put someone in hospital, scaith, scathe, vulnerate, wet
Antonyms: none provided
verb
To harm or injure (someone or something) physically.
To cause monetary loss to (someone).
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: Scotland, UK, archaic, dialectal, obsolete, specifically, transitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Synonyms: damage, wound, abuse, annoy, bewound, damnify, dere, do damage to, do for, do ill, do violence to, forwork, grieve, harm, harrow, hurt, injure, maul, mayhem, misdo, put someone in hospital, scaith, scathe, vulnerate, wet
Antonyms: none provided
verb
To harm, injure, or destroy (someone or something) by fire, lightning, or some other heat source; to blast; to scorch; to wither.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: UK, archaic, broadly, dialectal, literary, poetic, transitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Synonyms: burn, forsweal, incinerate, singe, torch, burn away, burn down, burn up, burn to a crisp, char up, cinder, cremate, forburn, scathe
Antonyms: none provided
verb
To severely hurt (someone's feelings, soul, etc., or something intangible) through acts, words spoken, etc.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: UK, archaic, dialectal, figuratively, transitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Synonyms: affront, wound, abuse, burn, carry, cut down, disrespect, dis, diss, give stick, heckle, hurt someone's feelings, insult, lapidate, qualifier, misbid, misrespect, misuse, offend, send, scandal, scandalize, slag, slag off, sledge, slight, slur, sneap, spite
Antonyms: none provided
noun
the act of damaging something or someone
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Synonyms: damage, harm, hurt
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: change of integrity
Narrower terms: impairment, defacement, disfigurement, disfiguration, wound, wounding, burn, defloration
History
From Middle English scath, scathe [and other forms], from Old Norse skaði (“damage, harm; loss; death; murder”), from Proto-Germanic *skaþô (“damage, scathe; one who causes damage, injurer”, noun) (whence Old English sċeaþa, sċeaþu (“scathe, harm, injury”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh1t- (“damage, harm”). Cognate with German Schaden (“damage, harm”). cognates * Scots skaith * Dutch schade * German schaden * Norwegian skade * Swedish skada * Icelandic skaði * Polish szkoda * Russian шко́да (škóda) * Belarusian шко́дa (škóda) * Ukrainian шко́да (škóda)
From Middle English scathen, skathen (“to harm; to cause loss; to assail, attack; to make war on; to defeat”) [and other forms], from Old Norse skaða (“to damage, harm; to hurt, injure”), from Proto-Germanic *skaþōną (“to damage, harm; to injure”) (whence Old English sceaþian, scaþian (“to harm, hurt, injure, scathe”)), from *skaþô (“damage, scathe; one who causes damage, injurer”, noun); see further at etymology 1. Sense 2 (“to harm, injure, or destroy (someone or something) by fire, lightning, or some other heat source”) appears to derive from Paradise Lost by the English poet John Milton (1608–1674), perhaps influenced by scorch: see the 1667 quotation. Cognates * Albanian shkathët (“adept, clever, skilful”) * Danish skade (“to hurt, injure”) * Dutch schaden (“to injure”) * Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (skaþjan, “to harm, injure; to do wrong”) * Ancient Greek ἀσκηθής (askēthḗs, “unhurt”) * Old Frisian skathia (“to injure”) * Old High German skadôn (Middle High German schaden, German schaden (“to damage, harm, hurt; to be harmful”)) * Old Norse skeðja (“to hurt”) * Old Saxon scaðon (“to slander”) * Swedish skada (“to hurt, injure”)
Across languages
28 source translations are retained for this English entry.
