Standard Lemma guide

sedative

adj · noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈsɛdətɪv/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɪv
  • CMU ARPABET: S EH1 D AH0 T IH0 V Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: medicine, pharmacology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

An agent or drug that sedates, having a calming or soothing effect, or inducing sleep.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: medicine, pharmacology, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

adjective satellite

Meaning 3

tending to soothe or tranquilize

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • valium has a tranquilizing effect
  • took a hot drink with sedative properties before going to bed

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: ataractic, ataraxic, tranquilizing, tranquillizing, tranquilising, tranquillising

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

a drug that reduces excitability and calms a person

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: sedative drug, depressant, downer

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: drug of abuse, street drug, medicine, medication, medicament, medicinal drug

Narrower terms: chloral hydrate, glutethimide, Doriden, sedative-hypnotic, sedative-hypnotic drug

History

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English sedatif, from Anglo-Norman sedatif, from Medieval Latin sēdātīvus, which itself likely influenced the modern spelling. By surface analysis, sedate + -ive.

Across languages

Translations

65 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: успокоителен (uspokoitelen) — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Bulgarian: сънотворен (sǎnotvoren) — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Catalan: sedant — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Czech: sedativní — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Dutch: kalmerend — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Finnish: rauhoittava — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Finnish: unettava — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Finnish: nukuttava — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • French: sédatif — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • German: beruhigend — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • German: sedativ — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Greek: ηρεμιστικός (iremistikós) — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Italian: sedativo — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Norman: sédatif — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Polish: uspokajający — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Portuguese: sedativo — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Russian: успокои́тельный (uspokoítelʹnyj) — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Russian: седати́вный (sedatívnyj) — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Slovak: sedatívny — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Spanish: sedante — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Spanish: sedativo — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Swedish: lugnande — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Swedish: sövande — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Ukrainian: заспокі́йливий (zaspokíjlyvyj) — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Ukrainian: седати́вний (sedatývnyj) — calming, soothing, inducing sleep, tranquilizing
  • Arabic: مُهَدِّئ (muhaddiʔ) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Arabic: مُسَكِّن (musakkin) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Arabic: بنج (banj) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Catalan: sedant — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Cebuano: igpahupay — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Chinese Mandarin: 鎮靜藥 /镇静药 (zhènjìngyào) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Chinese Mandarin: 鎮靜劑 /镇静剂 (zhènjìngjì) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Czech: sedativum — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Dutch: kalmeringsmiddel — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Esperanto: sedativo — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Esperanto: trankviligilo — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Finnish: unilääke — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Finnish: rauhoituslääke — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Finnish: sedatiivi — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Finnish: rauhoite — an agent or drug that sedates
  • French: sédatif — an agent or drug that sedates
  • German: Beruhigungsmittel — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Greek: ηρεμιστικό (iremistikó) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Greek: καταπραϋντικό (katapraÿntikó) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Hungarian: nyugtatószer — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Indonesian: obat penenang — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Italian: sedativo — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Japanese: 鎮静剤 (chinsei-zai) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Kazakh: тыныштандыратын дәрі-дәрмек (tynyştandyratyn därı-därmek) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Korean: 진정제 (jinjeongje) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Norman: sédatif — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Plautdietsch: Schlopmeddel — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Polish: środek uspokajający — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Portuguese: sedativo — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Russian: успокои́тельное (uspokoítelʹnoje) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Russian: седати́вное сре́дство (sedatívnoje srédstvo) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Slovak: sedatívum — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Spanish: sedante — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Spanish: sedativo — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Swedish: lugnande medel — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Swedish: sömnmedel — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Ukrainian: заспокійливий засіб (zaspokijlyvyj zasib) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Ukrainian: заспокійливе (zaspokijlyve) — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Vietnamese: làm dịu — an agent or drug that sedates
  • Welsh: tawelydd — an agent or drug that sedates