shackle

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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˈʃækl̩/
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• Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• General-American: /ˈʃæk(ə)l/
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• rhymes with -ækəl
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• CMU ARPABET: SH AE1 K AH0 L Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English shakel, schakkyl, schakle (“a fetter, shackle; coupling used to connect a plough or wagon to a draft chain”), from Old English sċacul, sċeacel, sċeacul (“fetter, shackle”), from Proto-West Germanic *skakul, from Proto-Germanic *skakulaz (“shackle”), possibly from *skakaną (“to shake; to swing; to escape”), from Proto-Indo-European *skeg-, *skek- (“to shake; to stir”). However, this is doubted by the Oxford English Dictionary because *skeg-, *skek- lack the meaning of attaching or fastening. Etymology 1 sense 3 (“length of cable or chain equal to 121⁄2 or 15 fathoms”) derives from the original distance between two shackles (etymology 1 sense 1.1.3) connecting lengths of cable or chain together. Cognates * Danish skagle (“carriage trace”) * Dutch schakel (“clasp; link; shackle”) * German Schäckel (“shackle”) * Icelandic skökull (“carriage pole”) * Swedish skakel (“loose shaft of a carriage”)

From shack (“variant of shake”), shake (verb) + -le (suffix forming agent nouns; frequentative suffix forming verbs).

From Middle English schakelen, schakkylen (“(also figurative) to put (someone) in shackles; to protect (legs) with greaves”), from shakel, schakkyl, schakle (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming the infinitives of verbs).

133 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Albanian: pranga — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Arabic: قَيْد (qayd) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Arabic: غِلّ (ḡill) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Bulgarian: окови (okovi) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Catalan: grilló — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Catalan: grillons — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Chinese Mandarin: 手銬 /手铐 (shǒukào) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Danish: jern — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Dutch: boeien — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Esperanto: mankateno — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Finnish: kahle — restraint fitted over an appendage
• French: fers — restraint fitted over an appendage
• French: menottes — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Galician: braga — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Galician: ferropea — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Galician: ferros — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Galician: grilón — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Galician: grillón — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Galician: esposas — restraint fitted over an appendage
• German: Fessel — restraint fitted over an appendage
• German: Handschellen — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Gothic: 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌳𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹 (naudibandi) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Ancient Greek: πέδη (pédē) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Hebrew: אֲזִקִּים (aziqím) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Hungarian: béklyó — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Hungarian: bilincs — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Interlingua: ferros — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Interlingua: manica — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Irish: iarnach — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Italian: ceppo — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Italian: ceppi — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Italian: ferri — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Italian: maniglia — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Italian: maniglione — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Japanese: 手錠 (tejō) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Korean: 수갑 (sugap) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Latin: vincula — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Macedonian: оков (okov) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Macedonian: пранга (pranga) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Malayalam: വിലങ്ങ് (vilaṅṅŭ) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Norwegian: jern — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Old English: cosp — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Plautdietsch: Spaunsel — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Polish: kajdany — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Portuguese: algema — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Portuguese: ferros — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Portuguese: grilhão — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Portuguese: grilhetas — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Russian: кандалы́ (kandalý) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Russian: нару́чники (narúčniki) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Russian: око́вы (okóvy) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Russian: у́зы (úzy) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Spanish: grillete — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Spanish: grillos — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Swedish: boja — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Telugu: బంధనాలు (bandhanālu) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Telugu: సంకెళ్ళు (saṅkeḷḷu) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Turkish: pranga — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Turkish: kelepçe — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Ukrainian: кайда́ни (kajdány) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Ukrainian: пу́то (púto) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Ukrainian: пу́та (púta) — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Vietnamese: xích — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Vietnamese: xiềng xích — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Vietnamese: xiềng — restraint fitted over an appendage
• Bulgarian: карабина (karabina) — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Catalan: grilló — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Danish: sjækkel — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Dutch: sluiting — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Finnish: sakkeli — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• French: manille — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Galician: grillón — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• German: Schäkel — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Greek: αγκύλιο (agkýlio) — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Italian: anello con perno — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Italian: grillo — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Macedonian: ам (am) — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Macedonian: амут (amut) — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Norwegian Bokmål: sjakkel — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Norwegian Nynorsk: sjakkel — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Polish: szekla — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Portuguese: manilha — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Russian: карабин (karabin) — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Russian: мо́чка (móčka) — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Russian: соедини́тельная ско́ба (sojedinítelʹnaja skóba) — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Russian: хому́т (xomút) — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Spanish: grillete — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Turkish: köstek — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Ottoman Turkish: كوستك (köstek) — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Ukrainian: хому́т (xomút) — U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends for attaching things together
• Finnish: koukku — hook, ring, or other device for connecting, holding, lifting, etc.
• Finnish: rengas — hook, ring, or other device for connecting, holding, lifting, etc.
• Finnish: kahleet — restraint on one’s action, etc. — see also restraint
• French: entrave — restraint on one’s action, etc. — see also restraint
• Russian: путы (puty) — restraint on one’s action, etc. — see also restraint
• Ukrainian: пу́та (púta) — restraint on one’s action, etc. — see also restraint
• Finnish: 12,5 syltä — length of cable or chain equal to 121⁄2 or 15 fathoms
• Finnish: 15 syltä — length of cable or chain equal to 121⁄2 or 15 fathoms
• Breton: chadennañ — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Bulgarian: оковавам (okovavam) — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Catalan: engrillonar — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Esperanto: kateni — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Finnish: kahlehtia — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Finnish: kahlita — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• French: enchainer — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Ancient Greek: πεδάω (pedáō) — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Hungarian: megbilincsel — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Hungarian: megbéklyóz — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Hungarian: béklyóz — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Ido: katenizar — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Italian: ammanettare — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Italian: incatenare — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Russian: заковать (zakovatʹ) — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Spanish: engrilletar — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Spanish: engrillar — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Ukrainian: ско́вувати (skóvuvaty) — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Ukrainian: скува́ти (skuváty) — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Vietnamese: xích — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Vietnamese: xiềng — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Vietnamese: xiềng xích — to place (a person or animal) in shackles; to immobilize or restrain using shackles
• Finnish: antaa kahle — to provide (something) with a shackle
• Bulgarian: сковавам (skovavam) — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• Bulgarian: стеснявам (stesnjavam) — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• Chinese Mandarin: 约束 (yuēshù) — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• Finnish: kahlita — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• French: enchainer — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• Hungarian: megbéklyóz — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• Italian: asservire — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• Italian: assoggettare — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• Italian: soggiogare — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• Italian: sottomettere — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• Ukrainian: ско́вувати (skóvuvaty) — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain
• Ukrainian: скува́ти (skuváty) — to inhibit or restrain the ability, action, activity, or progress of (someone or something) — see also inhibit, restrain