Standard Lemma guide

shawm

noun · 2 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ʃɔːm/
  • rhymes with -ɔːm
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A mediaeval double-reed wind instrument with a conical wooden body.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

a medieval oboe

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: oboe, hautboy, hautbois

Narrower terms: bombardon, bombard

History

Etymology

From Middle English shalmuse, from Old French chalemel (modern French chalumeau), from Late Latin calamellus, from Latin calamus (“reed”), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos). Doublet of caramel, chalumeau, and qalam, as well as related to calame, calamus, culm, and haulm.

Across languages

Translations

19 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Catalan: bombarda — wind instrument
  • Czech: šalmaj — wind instrument
  • Dutch: schalmei — wind instrument
  • Esperanto: ŝalmo — wind instrument
  • Finnish: skalmeija — wind instrument
  • French: chalemie — wind instrument
  • German: Schalmei — wind instrument
  • Greek: ζουρνάς (zournás) — wind instrument
  • Ido: shalmo — wind instrument
  • Irish: seám — wind instrument
  • Italian: zufolo — wind instrument
  • Italian: cennamella — wind instrument
  • Polish: szałamaja — wind instrument
  • Spanish: caramillo — wind instrument
  • Swedish: skalmeja — wind instrument
  • Tagalog: karamilyo — wind instrument
  • Turkish: zurna — wind instrument
  • Ottoman Turkish: زورنا (zurna) — wind instrument
  • Welsh: chwythgorn — wind instrument