Standard Lemma guide

sigma

adj · name · noun · 7 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈsɪɡmə/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɪɡmə
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: S IH1 G M AH0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Possessing characteristics of a sigma male.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: Internet

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

name

Meaning 2

A municipality of Capiz, Philippines.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The eighteenth letter of the Classical and Modern Greek alphabets (Σ, σ), the twentieth letter of Old and Ancient.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

The symbol Σ, used to indicate summation of a set or series.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

The symbol σ, used to indicate one standard deviation from the mean, particularly in a normal distribution.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: mathematics, sciences, statistics

Examples

  • 2011, Paul Rincon, (bbc.co.uk) LHC: Higgs boson 'may have been glimpsed' None of the spikes seen by the experiments is at much more than the "two sigma" level of certainty. A level of "five sigma" is required to claim a discovery, meaning there is less than a one in a million chance the data spike is down to a statistical fluke.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

A sigma male (a self-reliant and assertive male).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: Internet

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

the 18th letter of the Greek alphabet

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: letter, letter of the alphabet, alphabetic character

History

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σῖγμα (sîgma), probably from the root σῑγ- (sīg-) as seen in σίζω (sízō, “to hiss”) + -μα (-ma, nominal suffix).

Across languages

Translations

34 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: سِيغْمَا (sīḡmā) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Arabic: سِيجْمَا (sīgmā) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Arabic: سِغْمَا (siḡmā) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Arabic: سِجْمَا (sigmā) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Arabic: سِقْما (sigma) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Asturian: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Catalan: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Chinese Mandarin: 西格瑪 /西格玛 — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Chinese Mandarin: 西格馬 /西格马 (xīgémǎ) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Czech: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Dutch: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Esperanto: sigmo — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Finnish: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • French: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Galician: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • German: Sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Greek: σίγμα (sígma) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Ancient Greek: σῖγμα (sîgma) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Hebrew: סִיגְמָא (sígma) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Hungarian: szigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Interlingua: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Irish: sigme — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Japanese: シグマ (shiguma) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Korean: 시그마 (sigeuma) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Malay: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Māori: hikama — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Persian: سیگما (sigmâ) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Polish: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Portuguese: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Russian: си́гма (sígma) — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Slovak: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Spanish: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Swedish: sigma — letter of the Greek alphabet
  • Thai: ซิกมา (sík-mâa) — letter of the Greek alphabet
Real reading context

sigma in complete knowledge articles