Standard Lemma guide

sluggishness

noun · 5 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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  • CMU ARPABET: S L AH1 G IH0 SH N AH0 S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

The property of being sluggish, unable or unwilling to act quickly.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable, usually

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The state of economic decline, inactivity, slow or subnormal growth.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable, usually

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

inactivity; showing an unusual lack of energy

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the general appearance of sluggishness alarmed his friends

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: languor, lethargy, phlegm, flatness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: inactiveness, inactivity, inertia

4

noun

Meaning 4

the pace of things that move relatively slowly

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the sluggishness of the economy
  • the sluggishness of the compass in the Arctic cold

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: pace, rate

5

noun

Meaning 5

a state of comatose torpor (as found in sleeping sickness)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: lethargy, lassitude

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: torpor, torpidity

Narrower terms: hebetude

History

Etymology

Etymology tree English sluggish Proto-Germanic *-inōną Proto-Indo-European *-dyé- Proto-Germanic *-atjaną Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Germanic *-þuz Proto-Germanic *-assuz Proto-Germanic *-inassuz Proto-West Germanic *-nassī Old English -nes Middle English -nesse English -ness English sluggishness From sluggish + -ness.

Across languages

Translations

18 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Dutch: traag — the property of being sluggish
  • Dutch: sloom — the property of being sluggish
  • Finnish: hitaus — the property of being sluggish
  • Finnish: hidasliikkeisyys — the property of being sluggish
  • German: Trägheit — the property of being sluggish
  • Ancient Greek: νωθρεία (nōthreía) — the property of being sluggish
  • Latin: torpēdō — the property of being sluggish
  • Persian: تنبلی (tambali) — the property of being sluggish
  • Polish: bezwładność — the property of being sluggish
  • Spanish: pachorra — the property of being sluggish
  • Tagalog: kupad — the property of being sluggish
  • Telugu: సోమరితనము (sōmaritanamu) — the property of being sluggish
  • Turkish: uyuşukluk — the property of being sluggish
  • Turkish: uyuşuntu — the property of being sluggish
  • Turkish: miskinlik — the property of being sluggish
  • Ottoman Turkish: تنبللك (tembellik) — the property of being sluggish
  • Ottoman Turkish: هایلازلق (haylazlık) — the property of being sluggish
  • Ottoman Turkish: كسل (kesel) — the property of being sluggish