sneeze

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• /sniːz/
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• rhymes with -iːz
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• CMU ARPABET: S N IY1 Z Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English snesen (“to sneeze”), alteration of earlier fnesen (“to sneeze”), from Old English fnēosan (“to sneeze, snort”), from Proto-West Germanic *fneusan, from Proto-Germanic *fneusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze”). Cognate with dialectal Dutch fniezen (“to sneeze”), Old Norse fnýsa (“to snort”). Compare neeze, from Middle English nesen, from Old English *hnēosan (“to sneeze”), cognate with Old High German niosan (“to sneeze”), Old Norse hnjósa (“to sneeze”). See neeze. It has been suggested that the change could be due to a misinterpretation of the uncommon initial sequence fn- as sn- (sn- written with a long s), although the change is regular, seen also in snore and snort from Middle English fnoren and fnorten, and in late Middle English snatted from earlier Middle English fnatted (“snub-nosed”). The fn- forms of all these words fell out of use in the 1400s. Due to this rather universal adoption of the fn- > sn- shift within English by such a time frame, the idea of it being a simple sound shift has been suggested as well, with the specifically being a type of assimilation as the bilabial f- becomes alveolar s- to match the place of articulation of the following n-.

293 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Ainu: エㇲナ ('esna) — act of sneezing
• Arabic: عُطَاس (ʕuṭās) — act of sneezing
• Arabic: عَطْسَة (ʕaṭsa) — act of sneezing
• Arabic: عطس (ʕaṭs) — act of sneezing
• Arabic: عطس (ʕṭass) — act of sneezing
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܥܘܼܛܫܵܐ (ˁuṭšā) — act of sneezing
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܬܦܵܬܵܐ (tpātā) — act of sneezing
• Armenian: փռշտոց (pʻṙštocʻ) — act of sneezing
• Assamese: হাঁচি (hãsi) — act of sneezing
• Early Assamese: হাঞ্চি (hañci) — act of sneezing
• Asturian: espirríu — act of sneezing
• Asturian: estorníu — act of sneezing
• Azerbaijani: asqırıq — act of sneezing
• Azerbaijani: asqırma — act of sneezing
• Belarusian: чыха́нне (čyxánnje) — act of sneezing
• Bulgarian: ки́хане (kíhane) — act of sneezing
• Catalan: esternut — act of sneezing
• Chinese Mandarin: 噴嚏 /喷嚏 (pēntì) — act of sneezing
• Coptic: ⲁⲛⲧⲁϣ (antaš) — act of sneezing
• Coptic: ⲁⲛⲑⲁϣ (anthaš) — act of sneezing
• Cornish: striw — act of sneezing
• Czech: kýchnutí — act of sneezing
• Danish: nys — act of sneezing
• Dutch: nies — act of sneezing
• Esperanto: terno — act of sneezing
• Estonian: aevastus — act of sneezing
• Finnish: aivastus — act of sneezing
• French: éternuement — act of sneezing
• French: atchoum — act of sneezing
• Friulian: starnudade — act of sneezing
• Galician: esbirro — act of sneezing
• Galician: espirro — act of sneezing
• Galician: debuto — act of sneezing
• Georgian: დაცემინება (dacemineba) — act of sneezing
• Georgian: ცემინება (cemineba) — act of sneezing
• German: Niesen — act of sneezing
• Greek: φτάρνισμα (ftárnisma) — act of sneezing
• Greek: φτέρνισμα (ftérnisma) — act of sneezing
• Greek: πτέρνισμα (ptérnisma) — act of sneezing
• Ancient Greek: πταρμός (ptarmós) — act of sneezing
• Hindi: छींक (chī̃k) — act of sneezing
• Hungarian: tüsszentés — act of sneezing
• Hungarian: tüsszögés — act of sneezing
• Ido: sternuto — act of sneezing
• Ingrian: aivas — act of sneezing
• Ingrian: aivassus — act of sneezing
• Irish: sraoth — act of sneezing
• Irish: sraothartach — act of sneezing
• Italian: starnuto — act of sneezing
• Japanese: くしゃみ (kushami) — act of sneezing
• Khmer: កណ្ដាស់ (kan das) — act of sneezing
• Kikuyu: mwathimũro — act of sneezing
• Korean: 재채기 (jaechaegi) — act of sneezing
• Central Kurdish: پژمە (pijme) — act of sneezing
• Latin: sternūmentum — act of sneezing
• Latvian: šķaudiens — act of sneezing
• Māori: tihe — act of sneezing
• Māori: tihei — act of sneezing
• Māori: matihe — act of sneezing
• Māori: mātihetihe — act of sneezing
• Mongolian: найтаалга (najtaalga) — act of sneezing
• Mongolian: ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ (nayitaɣalɣ-a) — act of sneezing
• Navajo: hatsʼíhyaa — act of sneezing
• Occitan: esternut — act of sneezing
• Odia: ଛିଙ୍କା (Chhiṅkā) — act of sneezing
• Old Tupi: atîama — act of sneezing
• Persian: عطسه ('atse) — act of sneezing
• Persian: شنوشه (šenuše) — act of sneezing
• Persian: اشنوسه (ešnuse) — act of sneezing
• Polish: kichnięcie — act of sneezing
• Portuguese: espirro — act of sneezing
• Punjabi: ਨਿੱਛ (niccha) — act of sneezing
• Punjabi: نِچّھ (nicch) — act of sneezing
• Romanian: strănut — act of sneezing
• Russian: чиха́ние (čixánije) — act of sneezing
• Serbo-Croatian: kihanje — act of sneezing
• Sicilian: stranutu — act of sneezing
• Slovak: kýchanie — act of sneezing
• Spanish: estornudo — act of sneezing
• Swedish: nysning — act of sneezing
• Tagalog: bahing — act of sneezing
• Tagalog: hatsing — act of sneezing
• Telugu: తుమ్ము (tummu) — act of sneezing
• Turkish: hapşırık — act of sneezing
• Ukrainian: чха́ння́ (čxánnjá) — act of sneezing
• Ukrainian: чиха́ння (čyxánnja) — act of sneezing
• Venetan: starnudo — act of sneezing
• Venetan: starnudada — act of sneezing
• Vietnamese: cái hắt hơi — act of sneezing
• Vietnamese: cái hắt xì — act of sneezing
• Volapük: snid — act of sneezing
• Welsh: trew — act of sneezing
• Yao (Africa): mwisamulo class 3 — act of sneezing
• Yiddish: נאָס (nos) — act of sneezing
• Yiddish: ניס (nis) — act of sneezing
• Ainu: エㇱナ (esna) — expel air as a reflex
• Albanian: teshtij — expel air as a reflex
• Arabic: عَطَسَ (ʕaṭasa) — expel air as a reflex
• Arabic: عْطس (ʕṭəs) — expel air as a reflex
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܥܵܛܹܫ (ˁāṭēš) — expel air as a reflex
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܬܵܦܹܬ (tāpēt) — expel air as a reflex
• Armenian: փռշտալ (pʻṙštal) — expel air as a reflex
• Aromanian: stãrnut — expel air as a reflex
• Assamese: হাঁচিয়া (hãsia) — expel air as a reflex
• Assamese: হাঁচ (hãs) — expel air as a reflex
• Assamese: হাঁচি মাৰ (hãsi mar) — expel air as a reflex
• Asturian: espirriar — expel air as a reflex
• Asturian: estornudar — expel air as a reflex
• Azerbaijani: asqırmaq — expel air as a reflex
• Basque: zintz egin — expel air as a reflex
• Belarusian: чхаць (čxacʹ) — expel air as a reflex
• Belarusian: чхнуць (čxnucʹ) — expel air as a reflex
• Belarusian: чыха́ць (čyxácʹ) — expel air as a reflex
• Belarusian: чыхну́ць (čyxnúcʹ) — expel air as a reflex
• Bengali: হাঁচি দেত্তয়া (hãci dettoẏa) — expel air as a reflex
• Central Bikol: bahon — expel air as a reflex
• Bulgarian: ки́хам (kíham) — expel air as a reflex
• Bulgarian: ки́хна (kíhna) — expel air as a reflex
• Burmese: ချေ (hkye) — expel air as a reflex
• Catalan: esternudar — expel air as a reflex
• Cebuano: bahon — expel air as a reflex
• Cherokee: ᏚᏴᏍᏙᏯᏍᎦ (duyvsdoyasga) — expel air as a reflex
• Chickasaw: habishko — expel air as a reflex
• Chinese Cantonese: 打乞嗤 (daa2 hat1 ci1) — expel air as a reflex
• Chinese: да пынти (da pɨnti) — expel air as a reflex
• Chinese: чён (qion) — expel air as a reflex
• Chinese: 拍咳啾 (phah-ka-chhiùn) — expel air as a reflex
• Chinese Mandarin: 打噴嚏 /打喷嚏 (dǎ pēntì) — expel air as a reflex
• Coptic: ⲁⲛⲧⲁϣ (antaš) — expel air as a reflex
• Coptic: ⲁⲛⲑⲁϣ (anthaš) — expel air as a reflex
• Cornish: striwi — expel air as a reflex
• Czech: kýchat — expel air as a reflex
• Czech: kýchnout — expel air as a reflex
• Danish: nyse — expel air as a reflex
• Dutch: niezen — expel air as a reflex
• Dzongkha: ཨག་ཚི་རྐྱབ་པ (ag tshi rkyab pa) — expel air as a reflex
• Esperanto: terni — expel air as a reflex
• Estonian: aevastama — expel air as a reflex
• Faroese: njósa — expel air as a reflex
• Fataluku: fahine — expel air as a reflex
• Finnish: aivastaa — expel air as a reflex
• French: éternuer — expel air as a reflex
• Friulian: starnudâ — expel air as a reflex
• Galician: esbirrar — expel air as a reflex
• Galician: esbechar — expel air as a reflex
• Galician: esbichar — expel air as a reflex
• Galician: espirrar — expel air as a reflex
• Galician: espurrar — expel air as a reflex
• Galician: espurriñar — expel air as a reflex
• Galician: turniscar — expel air as a reflex
• Georgian: აცემინებს (aceminebs) — expel air as a reflex
• German: niesen — expel air as a reflex
• German: ernüüsse — expel air as a reflex
• Greek: φταρνίζομαι (ftarnízomai) — expel air as a reflex
• Greek: φτερνίζομαι (fternízomai) — expel air as a reflex
• Greek: πταρνίζομαι (ptarnízomai) — expel air as a reflex
• Ancient Greek: πτάρνυμαι (ptárnumai) — expel air as a reflex
• Mbya Guarani: axiã — expel air as a reflex
• Hebrew: הִתְעַטֵּשׁ (hit'atésh) — expel air as a reflex
• Hiligaynon: atsi — expel air as a reflex
• Hindi: छींकना (chī̃knā) — expel air as a reflex
• Hungarian: tüsszent — expel air as a reflex
• Hungarian: tüsszög — expel air as a reflex
• Hunsrik: niese — expel air as a reflex
• Icelandic: hnerra — expel air as a reflex
• Ido: sternutar — expel air as a reflex
• Indonesian: bersin — expel air as a reflex
• Ingrian: aivastaa — expel air as a reflex
• Ingrian: aivastaissa — expel air as a reflex
• Irish: lig sraoth — expel air as a reflex
• Italian: starnutire — expel air as a reflex
• Japanese: くしゃみをする (kushami o suru) — expel air as a reflex
• Japanese: しゃみをする (shami o suru) — expel air as a reflex
• Javanese: wahing — expel air as a reflex
• Kaingang: asĩg — expel air as a reflex
• Kazakh: түшкіру (tüşkıru) — expel air as a reflex
• Khmer: កណ្ដាស់ (kɑɑkɑndah) — expel air as a reflex
• Kinaray-a: bahën — expel air as a reflex
• Korean: 재채기하다 (jaechaegihada) — expel air as a reflex
• Central Kurdish: پژمین (pijmîn) — expel air as a reflex
• Northern Kurdish: bêhnijîn — expel air as a reflex
• Kyrgyz: чүчкүрүү (cückürüü) — expel air as a reflex
• Ladino: sarnudar — expel air as a reflex
• Lao: ຈາມ (chām) — expel air as a reflex
• Latgalian: škauduot — expel air as a reflex
• Latin: sternuō — expel air as a reflex
• Latin: sternūtō — expel air as a reflex
• Latvian: šķaudīt — expel air as a reflex
• Laz: აჩინდენ (açinden) — expel air as a reflex
• Lithuanian: čiaudėti — expel air as a reflex
• Macedonian: кива (kiva) — expel air as a reflex
• Macedonian: кивнува (kivnuva) — expel air as a reflex
• Maguindanao: baan — expel air as a reflex
• Malay: bersin — expel air as a reflex
• Malayalam: ഓമ്പുക (ōmpuka) — expel air as a reflex
• Maltese: tgħatas — expel air as a reflex
• Manchu: ᠶᠠᠴᡳᡥᡳᠶᠠᠮᠪᡳ (yacihiyambi) — expel air as a reflex
• Māori: matihe — expel air as a reflex
• Māori: mātihetihe — expel air as a reflex
• Māori: tihe — expel air as a reflex
• Māori: tihei — expel air as a reflex
• Māori: matihei — expel air as a reflex
• Māori: tihewa — expel air as a reflex
• Maranao: ba'an — expel air as a reflex
• Middle English: snesen — expel air as a reflex
• Mongolian: найтаах (najtaax) — expel air as a reflex
• Mongolian: ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ (nayitaɣaqu) — expel air as a reflex
• Norman: êtèrnuer — expel air as a reflex
• Norwegian Bokmål: nyse — expel air as a reflex
• Occitan: esternudar — expel air as a reflex
• Odia: ଛିଙ୍କାଇବା (Chhiṅkāibā) — expel air as a reflex
• Old English: fnēosan — expel air as a reflex
• Pennsylvania German: niese — expel air as a reflex
• Persian: عطسه کردن ('atse kardan) — expel air as a reflex
• Polish: kichać — expel air as a reflex
• Polish: kichnąć — expel air as a reflex
• Portuguese: espirrar — expel air as a reflex
• Punjabi: ਨਿੱਛ ਮਾਰਨੀ (niccha mārnī) — expel air as a reflex
• Punjabi: ਨਿੱਛਣਾ (nicchaṇā) — expel air as a reflex
• Punjabi: ਛਿੱਕਣਾ (chikkaṇā) — expel air as a reflex
• Punjabi: ਨਿੱਛ ਆਉਣੀ (niccha āuṇī) — expel air as a reflex
• Punjabi: نِچّھ مارنِی (nicch mārnī) — expel air as a reflex
• Punjabi: نِچّھݨا (nicchṇā) — expel air as a reflex
• Punjabi: چھِکّݨا (chikkṇā) — expel air as a reflex
• Punjabi: نِچّھ آؤݨِی (nicch ā'oṇī) — expel air as a reflex
• Quechua: achhiy — expel air as a reflex
• Romanian: strănuta — expel air as a reflex
• Romansh: starnidar — expel air as a reflex
• Romansh: sturnidar — expel air as a reflex
• Romansh: stirnidar — expel air as a reflex
• Romansh: starnüder — expel air as a reflex
• Romansh: starnüdar — expel air as a reflex
• Russian: чиха́ть (čixátʹ) — expel air as a reflex
• Russian: чихну́ть (čixnútʹ) — expel air as a reflex
• Northern Sami: gastit — expel air as a reflex
• Southern Sami: gesnedh — expel air as a reflex
• Sardinian: isturridai — expel air as a reflex
• Sardinian: isturridare — expel air as a reflex
• Sardinian: isturritare — expel air as a reflex
• Sardinian: isturrudai — expel air as a reflex
• Sardinian: isturrudare — expel air as a reflex
• Sardinian: sturridai — expel air as a reflex
• Scottish Gaelic: sreothart — expel air as a reflex
• Serbo-Croatian: ки́хати — expel air as a reflex
• Serbo-Croatian: ки́хнути — expel air as a reflex
• Serbo-Croatian: kíhati — expel air as a reflex
• Serbo-Croatian: kíhnuti — expel air as a reflex
• Shor: аспырарға (aspırarğa) — expel air as a reflex
• Sicilian: stranutari — expel air as a reflex
• Slovak: kýchať — expel air as a reflex
• Slovak: kýchnuť — expel air as a reflex
• Slovene: kihati — expel air as a reflex
• Slovene: kihniti — expel air as a reflex
• Lower Sorbian: tśichaś — expel air as a reflex
• Lower Sorbian: kichaś — expel air as a reflex
• Southern Altai: чӱчкӱрер (čüčkürer) — expel air as a reflex
• Spanish: estornudar — expel air as a reflex
• Swedish: nysa — expel air as a reflex
• Tagalog: bumahin — expel air as a reflex
• Tagalog: humatsing — expel air as a reflex
• Tajik: атса задан (atsa zadan) — expel air as a reflex
• Tajik: атса кардан (atsa kardan) — expel air as a reflex
• Tatar: төчкерү (töçkerü) — expel air as a reflex
• Telugu: తుమ్ము (tummu) — expel air as a reflex
• Tetum: fani — expel air as a reflex
• Thai: จาม (jaam) — expel air as a reflex
• Turkish: hapşırmak — expel air as a reflex
• Turkish: aksırmak — expel air as a reflex
• Ottoman Turkish: آقسرمق (aksırmak) — expel air as a reflex
• Turkmen: asgyrmak — expel air as a reflex
• Ukrainian: чха́ти (čxáty) — expel air as a reflex
• Ukrainian: чхну́ти (čxnúty) — expel air as a reflex
• Ukrainian: чиха́ти (čyxáty) — expel air as a reflex
• Ukrainian: чихну́ти (čyxnúty) — expel air as a reflex
• Unami: kwëskwine — expel air as a reflex
• Urdu: چهینکنا (chīṅknā) — expel air as a reflex
• Urdu: چھینک مارنا (chīṅk mārnā) — expel air as a reflex
• Uyghur: چۈشكۈرمەك (chüshkürmek) — expel air as a reflex
• Uzbek: aksirmoq — expel air as a reflex
• Uzbek: chuchkirmoq — expel air as a reflex
• Venetan: starnudar — expel air as a reflex
• Vietnamese: hắt hơi — expel air as a reflex
• Vietnamese: hắt xì — expel air as a reflex
• Vietnamese: nhảy mũi — expel air as a reflex
• Vilamovian: nisa — expel air as a reflex
• Volapük: snidön — expel air as a reflex
• Walloon: stierni — expel air as a reflex
• Walloon: sprognî — expel air as a reflex
• Walloon: stiernouwer — expel air as a reflex
• Welsh: tisian — expel air as a reflex
• Yao (Africa): kwesemula — expel air as a reflex
• Yiddish: ניסן (nisn) — expel air as a reflex
• ǃXóõ: gǂxáʻã — expel air as a reflex