sour

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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˈsaʊ.ə/
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• [ˈsɑːə] triphthong smoothing
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• [ˈsɑː] triphthong smoothing
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• Canada, General-American: /ˈsaʊ.ɚ/
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• California: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• Australian: /ˈsæɔ.ə/
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• rhymes with -aʊə(ɹ)
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• homophone: Saar
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• homophone: tsar
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• homophone: sigher
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• homophone: sire
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• CMU ARPABET: S AW1 ER0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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• CMU ARPABET 2: S AW1 R Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *súHros Proto-Germanic *sūraz Proto-West Germanic *sūr Old English sūr Middle English sour English sour From Middle English sour, from Old English sūr (“sour”), from Proto-West Germanic *sūr, from Proto-Germanic *sūraz (“sour”), from Proto-Indo-European *súHros (“sour”). Cognate with West Frisian soer, Dutch zuur (“sour”), Low German suur, German sauer (“sour”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish sur (“sour”), French sur (“sour”), Faroese súrur (“sour”), Icelandic súr (“sour, bitter”), Polish ser (“cheese”), Czech sýr (“cheese”), Slovak syr (“cheese”), Russian сырой (syroj, “raw”), Ukrainian сири́й (syrýj, “raw”), Old Church Slavonic сꙑръ (syrŭ, “moist, cheese”).

365 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Aklanon: maaslom — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Albanian: thartë — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Southern Altai: кычкыл (kïčkïl) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Amis: 'acicim — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Arabic: حَامِض (ḥāmiḍ) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Arabic: مزز (mezez) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Aragonese: agro — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Armenian: թթու (tʻtʻu) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Assamese: টেঙা (teṅa) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Asturian: agriu — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Asturian: ácidu — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Azerbaijani: turş — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Basque: garratz — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Belarusian: кі́слы (kísly) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Bengali: খাট্টা (khaṭṭa) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Bengali: চুকা (cuka) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Bengali: টেঙ্গা (ṭeṅga) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Central Bikol: maalsom — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Bulgarian: ки́сел (kísel) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Burmese: ချဉ် (hkyany) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Catalan: àcid — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Catalan: agre — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Cebuano: aslom — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Chamicuro: chawawa — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Chechen: муьста (müsta) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Cherokee: ᏧᎿᏦᏍᏗ (tsuhnatsosdi) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Chinese Cantonese: 酸 (syun1) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Chinese: 酸 (zh-min-nan) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Chinese Mandarin: 酸 (suān) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• West Circassian: хафэ (xafɛ) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Cornish: trenk — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Czech: kyselý — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Old Czech: kysělý — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Danish: sur — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Dolgan: аһыы — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Dutch: zuur — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Erzya: чапамо (čapamo) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Esperanto: acida — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Esperanto: acerba — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Estonian: hapu — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Faroese: súrur — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Fijian: wiwi — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Finnish: hapan — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Finnish: kirpeä — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• French: aigre — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• French: sur — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Galician: acedo — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Galician: cedizo — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Galician: agre — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Galician: mucio — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Galician: chirlo — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Galician: asmo — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Georgian: მჟავე (mžave) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• German: sauer — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• German: herb — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• German: säuerlich — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Greek: ξινός (xinós) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Ancient Greek: στρυφνός (struphnós) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Hawaiian: ʻawa — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Hawaiian: ʻawaʻawa — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Hebrew: חָמוּץ (khamútz) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Higaonon: mapodos — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Hiligaynon: maaslum — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Hindi: खट्टा (khaṭṭā) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Hungarian: savanyú — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Hungarian: fanyar — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Ibanag: nassem — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Icelandic: súr — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Ido: acerba — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Ilocano: naalsem — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Indonesian: asam — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Ingrian: hapan — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Ingrian: habrastava — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Ingush: миста (mista) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Irish: géar — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Italian: agro — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Japanese: すっぱい (suppai) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Japanese: 酸っぱい (suppai) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Javanese: kecut — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Kapampangan: maslam — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• S'gaw Karen: ဆံၣ် (hseè) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Kazakh: қышқыл (qyşqyl) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Khinalug: мицӏ (mic̣) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Khmer: ខ្មេះ (khmeh) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Khmer: ជូរ (cuu) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Kinaray-a: aslëm — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Korean: 시다 (sida) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Korean: 신 (sin) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Central Kurdish: تِرش (tirş) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Northern Kurdish: tirş — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Kyrgyz: кычкыл (kıckıl) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Lao: ປ້ຽວ (piāu) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Lao: ສົ້ມ (som) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Latgalian: skuobs — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Latin: acidus — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Latvian: skābs — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Laz: მჟაი (mjai) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Lithuanian: rūgštus — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Livonian: appõn — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Lombard: brusch — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Lü: ᦉᦳᧄᧉ (ṡum2) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Macedonian: кисел (kisel) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Maguindanao: masem — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Malay: asam — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Malay: masam — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Maltese: qares — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Western Bukidnon Manobo: mepezes — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Northern Mansi: восьрамыӈ (vosʹramyň) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Māori: kawa — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Maranao: asem — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Maranao: malasem — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Marathi: आंबट (āmbaṭ) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Middle English: sour — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Middle English: sowre — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Minangkabau: masam — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Mingrelian: მჟავე (mžave) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Mizo: thûr — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Mongolian: исгэлэн (isgelen) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Norman: su — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Norwegian: sur — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Occitan: agre — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Odia: ଆମ୍ବିଳିଆ (āmbiḷiā) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Old Church Slavonic: кꙑсѣлъ (kysělŭ) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Old English: āfor — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Old English: sūr — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Old Norse: súrr — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Old Tupi: aî — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Pashto: ترش — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Persian: ترش (torš) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Plautdietsch: sua — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Polish: kwaśny — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Portuguese: azedo — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Quechua: k'allku — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Romanian: acru — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Romansh: asch — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Russian: ки́слый (kíslyj) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Scottish Gaelic: goirt — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Serbo-Croatian: ки̏сео — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Serbo-Croatian: kȉseo — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Shan: သူမ်ႈ (sūum) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Sikkimese: སྐྱུམ (skyum) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Slovak: kyslý — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Slovene: kisel — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Lower Sorbian: kisały — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Upper Sorbian: kisały — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Spanish: agrio — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Spanish: ácido — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Spanish: acedo — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Spanish: chocoya — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Svan: მჷხიმ (məxim) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Swedish: sur — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Swedish: syrlig — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Tagalog: maasim — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Tahitian: ʻavaʻava — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Tajik: туруш (turuš) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Talysh: tırş — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Tat: turş — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Tausug: maaslum — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Tetum: siin — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Thai: เปรี้ยว (bprîao) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Thai: ส้ม (sôm) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Tibetan: སྐྱུར་མོ (skyur mo) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Turkish: ekşi — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Ottoman Turkish: اكشی (ekşi) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Ottoman Turkish: حامض (hamız) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Turkmen: turşy — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Ukrainian: ки́слий (kýslyj) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Urdu: کھٹا (khaṭṭā) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Uzbek: nordon — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Uzbek: achchiq — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Vietnamese: chua — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Walloon: seur — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Waray-Waray: maaslom — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Welsh: egr — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Welsh: sur — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Yakut: аһыы (ahïï) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Yiddish: זויער (zoyer) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Zazaki: tırş (diq) — having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
• Armenian: թթու (tʻtʻu) — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Bulgarian: вкиснат (vkisnat) — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Catalan: agre — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Chinese Mandarin: 餿 /馊 (sōu) — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Czech: zkysaný — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Danish: sur — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Finnish: hapantunut — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Finnish: härskiintynyt — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• French: rance — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• French: tourné — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Galician: acedo — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Galician: picado — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• German: sauer — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• German: sauer vergoren — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• German: gesäuert — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• German: angesäuert — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Greek: ξινισμένος (xinisménos) — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Indonesian: diasami — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Korean: 시어진 (sieojin) — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Latvian: skābs — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Latvian: skābēts — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Macedonian: ски́снат (skísnat) — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Polish: zjełczały — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Portuguese: coalhado — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Russian: проки́сший (prokísšij) — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Scottish Gaelic: goirt — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Spanish: avinagrado — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Spanish: acedado — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Spanish: agriado — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Spanish: acescente — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Swedish: surnad — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Tibetan: སྐྱུར་མོ (skyur mo) — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Turkish: ekşi — made rancid by fermentation, etc.
• Armenian: թթու (tʻtʻu) — tasting or smelling rancid
• Bulgarian: вкиснат (vkisnat) — tasting or smelling rancid
• Catalan: agre — tasting or smelling rancid
• Czech: zkyslý — tasting or smelling rancid
• Danish: sur — tasting or smelling rancid
• Finnish: hapan — tasting or smelling rancid
• Finnish: hapantunut — tasting or smelling rancid
• Finnish: härski — tasting or smelling rancid
• French: rance — tasting or smelling rancid
• Galician: ábrago — tasting or smelling rancid
• German: sauer — tasting or smelling rancid
• German: ranzig — tasting or smelling rancid
• German: übelriechend — tasting or smelling rancid
• German: garstig — tasting or smelling rancid
• Greek: ξινισμένος (xinisménos) — tasting or smelling rancid
• Irish: géar — tasting or smelling rancid
• Latvian: skābs — tasting or smelling rancid
• Latvian: skābēts — tasting or smelling rancid
• Macedonian: ски́снат (skísnat) — tasting or smelling rancid
• Portuguese: rançoso — tasting or smelling rancid
• Romanian: acru — tasting or smelling rancid
• Scottish Gaelic: goirt — tasting or smelling rancid
• Spanish: agrio — tasting or smelling rancid
• Swedish: sur — tasting or smelling rancid
• Swedish: surnad — tasting or smelling rancid
• Turkish: acımış — tasting or smelling rancid
• Turkish: bayat — tasting or smelling rancid
• Turkish: ekşi — tasting or smelling rancid
• Zazaki: beyat — tasting or smelling rancid
• Bulgarian: раздразнителен (razdraznitelen) — peevish or bad-tempered
• Czech: zahořklý — peevish or bad-tempered
• Czech: mrzutý — peevish or bad-tempered
• Danish: sur — peevish or bad-tempered
• Finnish: nyrpeä — peevish or bad-tempered
• Finnish: nyreä — peevish or bad-tempered
• Finnish: hapan — peevish or bad-tempered
• French: acerbe — peevish or bad-tempered
• French: acariâtre — peevish or bad-tempered
• French: revêche — peevish or bad-tempered
• Galician: rabudo — peevish or bad-tempered
• Galician: rabechudo — peevish or bad-tempered
• German: bitter — peevish or bad-tempered
• German: unwirsch — peevish or bad-tempered
• German: verdrießlich — peevish or bad-tempered
• German: sauertöpfisch — peevish or bad-tempered
• German: verbittert — peevish or bad-tempered
• German: übellaunig — peevish or bad-tempered
• Greek: ξινός (xinós) — peevish or bad-tempered
• Korean: 비뚤어지다 (bittureojida) — peevish or bad-tempered
• Latvian: skābs — peevish or bad-tempered
• Macedonian: ки́сел (kísel) — peevish or bad-tempered
• Māori: ngākau kawa — peevish or bad-tempered
• Māori: ngākaukawa — peevish or bad-tempered
• Portuguese: carrancudo — peevish or bad-tempered
• Scottish Gaelic: gruamach — peevish or bad-tempered
• Swedish: sur — peevish or bad-tempered
• Swedish: grinig — peevish or bad-tempered
• Turkish: asık suratlı — peevish or bad-tempered
• Bulgarian: киселинен (kiselinen) — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• Danish: sur — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• Finnish: hapan — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• German: sauer — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• German: versauert — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• Greek: όξινος (óxinos) — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• Latvian: skābs — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• Macedonian: кисела (kisela) — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• Portuguese: ácido — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• Romanian: acid — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• Swedish: försurad — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• Turkish: asitli — (of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
• Bulgarian: кисел вкус (kisel vkus) — the sensation of a sour taste
• Catalan: acidesa — the sensation of a sour taste
• German: Säure — the sensation of a sour taste
• Macedonian: ки́селост (kíselost) — the sensation of a sour taste
• Portuguese: azedume — the sensation of a sour taste
• Romanian: acreală — the sensation of a sour taste
• Spanish: acidez — the sensation of a sour taste
• Swedish: surt — the sensation of a sour taste
• Tagalog: asim — the sensation of a sour taste
• Telugu: పులుపు (pulupu) — the sensation of a sour taste
• German: Whiskey Sauer — a drink made with whiskey, lemon or lime juice and sugar
• Swedish: Whiskey sour — a drink made with whiskey, lemon or lime juice and sugar
• Bulgarian: подкислявам (podkisljavam) — to make sour
• Finnish: tehdä happamaksi — to make sour
• Finnish: hapannuttaa — to make sour
• Finnish: hapantaa — to make sour
• German: säuern — to make sour
• German: versäuern — to make sour
• German: ansäuern — to make sour
• German: durchsäuern — to make sour
• Hungarian: savanyít — to make sour
• Ingrian: hapannoittaa — to make sour
• Ingrian: hapantaa — to make sour
• Irish: géaraigh — to make sour
• Italian: inasprire — to make sour
• Māori: whakakawa — to make sour
• Portuguese: azedar — to make sour
• Spanish: agriar — to make sour
• Spanish: acedar — to make sour
• Spanish: acidular — to make sour
• Spanish: acidificar — to make sour
• Spanish: avinagrar — to make sour
• Swedish: syra — to make sour
• Welsh: suro — to make sour
• Bulgarian: вкисвам се (vkisvam se) — to become sour
• Finnish: hapantua — to become sour
• Galician: picar — to become sour
• Galician: rever — to become sour
• German: säuern — to become sour
• German: versäuern — to become sour
• German: sauer vergären — to become sour
• German: sauer werden — to become sour
• German: umschlagen — to become sour
• German: einen Stich bekommen — to become sour
• German: umkippen — to become sour
• Ingrian: hapata — to become sour
• Ingrian: hapantua — to become sour
• Irish: géaraigh — to become sour
• Latin: acescō — to become sour
• Latvian: skābt — to become sour
• Māori: ī — to become sour
• Old Church Slavonic: осꙑрѣти (osyrěti) — to become sour
• Polish: gorzknieć — to become sour
• Polish: zgorzknieć — to become sour
• Polish: kwaśnieć — to become sour
• Polish: skwaśnieć — to become sour
• Polish: pokwaśnieć — to become sour
• Portuguese: azedar — to become sour
• Spanish: acidificarse — to become sour
• Spanish: acedarse — to become sour
• Spanish: agriarse — to become sour
• Spanish: avinagrarse — to become sour
• Swedish: surna — to become sour
• Turkish: ekşimek — to become sour
• Ottoman Turkish: اكشیمك (ekşimek) — to become sour
• Ottoman Turkish: حامضلانمق (hamızlanmak) — to become sour
• Welsh: suro — to become sour
• Finnish: pilata — to make disenchanted
• Finnish: särkeä — to make disenchanted
• Finnish: rikkoa — to make disenchanted
• German: verderben — to make disenchanted
• German: beeinträchtigen — to make disenchanted
• Spanish: perjudicar — to make disenchanted
• Spanish: afectar — to make disenchanted
• Finnish: pilaantua — to become disenchanted
• Finnish: mennä pilalle — to become disenchanted
• Finnish: taantua — to become disenchanted
• Finnish: särkyä — to become disenchanted
• German: sich verschlechtern — to become disenchanted
• German: schiefgehen — to become disenchanted
• German: mißlingen — to become disenchanted
• Italian: deteriorarsi — to become disenchanted
• Italian: degenerare — to become disenchanted
• Swedish: surna — to become disenchanted