Standard Lemma guide

stab

adj · noun · verb · 25 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • stăb
  • /stæb/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -æb
  • CMU ARPABET: S T AE1 B Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Clipping of established.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, not-comparable

Qualifier: industrial relations

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

An act of stabbing or thrusting with an object.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A wound made by stabbing.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

Pain inflicted on a person's feelings.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

An attempt.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: informal

Examples

  • I'll give this thankless task a stab.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

Criticism.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

A single staccato chord that adds dramatic impact to a composition.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music

Examples

  • a horn stab

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

A bacterial culture made by inoculating a solid medium, such as gelatin, with the puncture of a needle or wire.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

The horizontal or vertical stabilizer of an aircraft.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: slang

Topics: aeronautics, aerospace, aviation, business, engineering, natural-sciences, physical-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

10

noun

Meaning 10

Clipping of establishment.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, no-plural

Qualifier: industrial relations

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

11

noun

Meaning 11

A 50% damage boost applied when a Pokémon uses a move with the same type as itself (for example, an Electric-type Pokémon using an Electric-type move).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: slang, uncountable

Topics: lifestyle

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

12

verb

Meaning 12

To pierce or to wound (somebody) with a (usually pointed) tool or weapon, especially a knife or dagger.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • If you stab him in the heart he won't live long enough to retaliate.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: foin, jab, shiv

Antonyms: none provided

13

verb

Meaning 13

To thrust in a stabbing motion.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • to stab a dagger into a person

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

14

verb

Meaning 14

To recklessly hit with the tip of a (usually pointed) object, such as a weapon or finger (often used with at).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • He stabbed at my face with the twig but luckily kept missing my eyes.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

15

verb

Meaning 15

To cause a sharp, painful sensation (often used with at).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • The snow from the blizzard was stabbing at my face as I skied down the mountain.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

16

verb

Meaning 16

To injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively, transitive

Examples

  • to stab a person's reputation

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: besmirch, denigrate, assassinate, asperse, backbite, badmouth, befoul, belibel, besmear, bewray, blacken, blame, blaze, blemish, blot, blur, calumniate, calumny, chat shit, chat shite, cloud, defame, demonize, deprave, depreciate, detract, dirty, discredit, disgrace, disparage, disrepute, diss, drag through the mud, forgab, forspeak, foul, infamize, lampoon, libel, malign, monsterize, muddy, reproach, revile, scandal, shit-talk, slag, slander, smear, smirch, spatter, spot, speak ill of, stab, stain, sully, talk shit, talk shite, talk trash, tarnish, torch, traduce, trash-talk, unflatter, vilify, vilipend, villainize, wrong

Antonyms: none provided

17

verb

Meaning 17

To roughen a brick wall with a pick so as to hold plaster.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

18

verb

Meaning 18

To pierce folded sheets, near their back edges, for the passage of thread or wire.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

19

verb

Meaning 19

To guide the end of a pipe into a coupling when making up a connection.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Qualifier: oil industry

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

20

noun

Meaning 20

informal words for any attempt or effort

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • he gave it his best shot
  • he took a stab at forecasting

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: shot

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: attempt, effort, endeavor, endeavour, try

21

noun

Meaning 21

a strong blow with a knife or other sharp pointed instrument

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • one strong stab to the heart killed him

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: thrust, knife thrust

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: blow

Narrower terms: lunge, straight thrust, passado, remise

22

noun

Meaning 22

a sudden sharp feeling

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • pangs of regret
  • she felt a stab of excitement
  • twinges of conscience

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: pang, twinge

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: feeling

Narrower terms: guilt pang

23

verb

Meaning 23

poke or thrust abruptly

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • he jabbed his finger into her ribs

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: jab, prod, poke, dig

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: thrust

24

verb

Meaning 24

stab or pierce

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • he jabbed the piece of meat with his pocket knife

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: jab

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: thrust

Narrower terms: goad, prick

25

verb

Meaning 25

use a knife on

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • The victim was knifed to death

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: knife

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: injure, wound

Narrower terms: poniard, bayonet

History

Etymology

First attested in Scottish English (compare Scots stob, stobbe, stabb (“a pointed stick or stake; a thrust with a pointed weapon”)), from Middle English stabbe (“a stab”), probably a variant of Middle English stob, stub, stubbe (“pointed stick, stake, thorn, stub, stump”), from Old Norse stobbi, stubbi, cognate with Old English stybb. Cognate with Middle Dutch stobbe. Supposed by some to derive from Scottish Gaelic stob (“to prick, to prod, to push, to thrust”); supposed by others to be from a Scots word.

Clipping of stabilizer or stabiliser.

Acronym of same-type attack bonus.

Across languages

Translations

263 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: ther — act of stabbing
  • Arabic: طَعْن (ṭaʕn) — act of stabbing
  • Assamese: খোঁচা (khü̃sa) — act of stabbing
  • Assamese: হেঁচা (hẽsa) — act of stabbing
  • Asturian: puñalada — act of stabbing
  • Bulgarian: промушване (promušvane) — act of stabbing
  • Catalan: punyalada — act of stabbing
  • Catalan: ganivetada — act of stabbing
  • Czech: bodnutí — act of stabbing
  • Dutch: steek — act of stabbing
  • Esperanto: piko — act of stabbing
  • Finnish: pisto — act of stabbing
  • Finnish: pistäminen — act of stabbing
  • French: percée — act of stabbing
  • Galician: puñalada — act of stabbing
  • Galician: coitelada — act of stabbing
  • German: Stich — act of stabbing
  • Ilocano: bagkong — act of stabbing
  • Indonesian: tikam — act of stabbing
  • Irish: rop — act of stabbing
  • Irish: sá — act of stabbing
  • Italian: pugnalata — act of stabbing
  • Latgalian: dūrt — act of stabbing
  • Latin: ictus — act of stabbing
  • Latvian: durt — act of stabbing
  • Lithuanian: durti — act of stabbing
  • Malay: penikaman — act of stabbing
  • Norwegian: stikk — act of stabbing
  • Persian: خنجر زدن — act of stabbing
  • Polish: dźgnięcie — act of stabbing
  • Portuguese: punhalada — act of stabbing
  • Portuguese: facada — act of stabbing
  • Russian: уда́р (udár) — act of stabbing
  • Russian: уко́л (ukól) — act of stabbing
  • Russian: проко́л (prokól) — act of stabbing
  • Russian: прока́лывание (prokályvanije) — act of stabbing
  • Russian: протыка́ние (protykánije) — act of stabbing
  • Spanish: puñalada — act of stabbing
  • Spanish: cuchillada — act of stabbing
  • Spanish: acuchillamiento — act of stabbing
  • Spanish: estocada — act of stabbing
  • Sranan Tongo: dyuku — act of stabbing
  • Sundanese: tewek — act of stabbing
  • Swedish: hugg — act of stabbing
  • Swedish: stick — act of stabbing
  • Tagalog: saksak — act of stabbing
  • Tamil: குத்து (kuttu) — act of stabbing
  • Thai: การแทง — act of stabbing
  • Albanian: prerje — wound made by stabbing
  • Arabic: طَعْنَة (ṭaʕna) — wound made by stabbing
  • Bulgarian: прободна рана (probodna rana) — wound made by stabbing
  • Catalan: punyalada — wound made by stabbing
  • Catalan: ganivetada — wound made by stabbing
  • Czech: bodnutí — wound made by stabbing
  • Dutch: steekwond — wound made by stabbing
  • Finnish: pistohaava — wound made by stabbing
  • Galician: puñalada — wound made by stabbing
  • Galician: coitelada — wound made by stabbing
  • German: Stichwunde — wound made by stabbing
  • Ilocano: bagkong — wound made by stabbing
  • Ilocano: bangig — wound made by stabbing
  • Italian: coltellata — wound made by stabbing
  • Italian: pugnalata — wound made by stabbing
  • Malay: tikaman — wound made by stabbing
  • Norwegian: stikk — wound made by stabbing
  • Polish: dźgnięcie — wound made by stabbing
  • Portuguese: punhalada — wound made by stabbing
  • Portuguese: facada — wound made by stabbing
  • Quechua: t'uksiy — wound made by stabbing
  • Russian: ко́лотая ра́на (kólotaja rána) — wound made by stabbing
  • Spanish: puñalada — wound made by stabbing
  • Spanish: cuchillada — wound made by stabbing
  • Spanish: estocada — wound made by stabbing
  • Spanish: punzada — wound made by stabbing
  • Spanish: punzadura — wound made by stabbing
  • Tagalog: saksak — wound made by stabbing
  • Catalan: punyalada — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Finnish: pisto — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Galician: puñalada — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Norwegian: stikk — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Portuguese: punhalada — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Russian: уко́л (ukól) — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Russian: ко́лкость (kólkostʹ) — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Russian: плево́к (plevók) — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Russian: шпи́лька (špílʹka) — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Russian: пощёчина (poščóčina) — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Russian: оплеу́ха (opleúxa) — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Spanish: puñalada — pain inflicted on a person's feelings
  • Bulgarian: опит (opit) — attempt
  • Dutch: poging — attempt
  • Irish: seáp — attempt
  • Russian: попы́тка (popýtka) — attempt
  • Tamil: முயற்சி (muyaṟci) — attempt
  • Ukrainian: спро́ба (spróba) — attempt
  • Dutch: kritiek — criticism
  • Dutch: aanval — criticism
  • Norwegian: stikk — criticism
  • Russian: кри́тика (krítika) — criticism
  • Russian: уко́р (ukór) — criticism
  • Russian: упрёк (uprjók) — criticism
  • Russian: укори́зна (ukorízna) — criticism
  • Tamil: விமர்சனம் (vimarcaṉam) — criticism
  • Ukrainian: кри́тика (krýtyka) — criticism
  • Russian: стабилиза́тор (stabilizátor) — aircraft stabilizer, fin
  • Russian: киль (kilʹ) — aircraft stabilizer, fin
  • Aklanon: buno' — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Arabic: طَعَنَ (ṭaʕana) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Armenian: խոցել (xocʻel) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Asturian: apuñalar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Azerbaijani: bıcaqlamaq — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Bulgarian: пронизвам (pronizvam) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Bulgarian: промушвам (promušvam) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Burmese: ထိုး (htui:) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Catalan: apunyalar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Catalan: acoltellar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Cherokee: ᎦᏘᎭ (gatiha) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Chickasaw: baafa — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Chinese Cantonese: 插 (caap3) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Chinese Mandarin: 刺 (cì) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Czech: pobodat — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Czech: bodnout — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Czech: probodnout — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Danish: stikke — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Dutch: steken — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Finnish: puukottaa — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Finnish: pistää — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • French: poignarder — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • French: frapper d'un coup de couteau — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Galician: apuñalar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Galician: acoitelar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Galician: anavallar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • German: stechen — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • German: erstechen — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • German: niederstechen — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Greek: μαχαιρώνω (machairóno) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Ancient Greek: νύσσω (nússō) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Hebrew: דָּקַר (dakár) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Hindi: भोंकना (bhoṅknā) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Hungarian: döf — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Hungarian: szúr — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Indonesian: tikam — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Irish: sáigh — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Irish: rop — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Italian: pugnalare — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Italian: accoltellare — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Japanese: 刺す (sasu) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Javanese: nyuduk — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Old Javanese: suduk — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Kashubian: pchac — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Latin: ico — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Latin: pungo — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Latin: confodio — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Latin: fodio — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Latin: perfodio — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Latin: transfodio — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Latin: traicio — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Latin: perfigo — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Latin: perforo — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Lithuanian: badyti — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Malay: tikam — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Māori: oka — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Māori: pūmuka — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Marathi: भोसकणे (bhosakṇe) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Mokilese: doakoa — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Norwegian: stikke — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Old English: stingan — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Persian: خلاندن (xalândan) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Pohnpeian: doakoa — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Polabian: ai̯büst — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Polabian: büst — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Polish: kłuć — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Portuguese: apunhalar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Portuguese: esfaquear — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Portuguese: chinar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Quechua: t'urpuy — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Rapa Nui: oka — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Rarotongan: oka — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Romanian: înjunghia — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Romanian: străpunge — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Romanian: a da o lovitură de cuțit — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Romansh: stilettar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Romansh: cuntellar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: уда́рить (udáritʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: коло́ть (kolótʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: заре́зать (zarézatʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: заколо́ть (zakolótʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: прире́зать (prirézatʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: пырну́ть (pyrnútʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: проткну́ть (protknútʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: пронзи́ть (pronzítʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: проколо́ть (prokolótʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: проби́ть (probítʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: пропоро́ть (proporótʹ) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Northern Sami: čugget — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Santali: ᱨᱳᱜ (rok’) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Serbo-Croatian: бости — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Serbo-Croatian: bosti — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Lower Sorbian: štapaś — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Spanish: apuñalar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Spanish: acuchillar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Spanish: ennavajar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Spanish: clavar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Spanish: enclavar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Spanish: estocar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Spanish: asestar — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Spanish: estoquear — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Sranan Tongo: dyuku — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Swedish: sticka — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Tagalog: saksak — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Tamil: குத்து (kuttu) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Thai: แทง (tɛɛng) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Thai: เสียบ (sìiap) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Turkish: bıçaklamak — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Turkish: şişlemek — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Ottoman Turkish: صاپلامق (saplamak) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Unami: tànkama — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Unami: tànkamën — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Vietnamese: đâm — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Welsh: gwanu — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Welsh: trywanu — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Woiwurrung: borr-gi — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Yiddish: שטעכן (shtekhn) — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Zealandic: steke — to pierce or wound with pointed object
  • Russian: воткну́ть (votknútʹ) — to thrust in a stabbing motion
  • Russian: вонзи́ть (vonzítʹ) — to thrust in a stabbing motion
  • Russian: вогна́ть (vognátʹ) — to thrust in a stabbing motion
  • Russian: всади́ть (vsadítʹ) — to thrust in a stabbing motion
  • Russian: засади́ть (zasadítʹ) — to thrust in a stabbing motion
  • Russian: ткнуть (tknutʹ) — to thrust in a stabbing motion
  • Tamil: குத்து (kuttu) — to thrust in a stabbing motion
  • Turkish: saplamak — to thrust in a stabbing motion
  • Turkish: sançmak — to thrust in a stabbing motion
  • Ottoman Turkish: صاپلامق (saplamak) — to thrust in a stabbing motion
  • Bulgarian: пробождам (proboždam) — to recklessly hit with the tip of a pointed object
  • Chickasaw: baafa — to recklessly hit with the tip of a pointed object
  • Dutch: steken — to recklessly hit with the tip of a pointed object
  • Hungarian: bök — to recklessly hit with the tip of a pointed object
  • Italian: sfregiare — to recklessly hit with the tip of a pointed object
  • Russian: ты́кать (týkatʹ) — to recklessly hit with the tip of a pointed object
  • Russian: ткнуть (tknutʹ) — to recklessly hit with the tip of a pointed object
  • Tamil: குத்து (kuttu) — to recklessly hit with the tip of a pointed object
  • Bulgarian: пронизвам (pronizvam) — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Dutch: steken — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Finnish: pistää — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Hungarian: nyilallik — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Norwegian: stikke — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Russian: коло́ть (kolótʹ) — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Russian: пока́лывать (pokályvatʹ) — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Russian: жечь (žečʹ) — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Russian: щипа́ть (ščipátʹ) — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Spanish: punzar — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Tamil: அடி (aṭi) — to cause a sharp painful sensation
  • Russian: очерни́ть (očernítʹ) — to injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander
  • Russian: опоро́чить (oporóčitʹ) — to injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander
  • Russian: запятна́ть (zapjatnátʹ) — to injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander
  • Russian: срами́ть (sramítʹ) — to injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander
  • Russian: позо́рить (pozóritʹ) — to injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander
  • Russian: бесче́стить (besčéstitʹ) — to injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander
  • Russian: компромети́ровать (komprometírovatʹ) — to injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander
  • Russian: дискредити́ровать (diskreditírovatʹ) — to injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander
  • Russian: броса́ть тень (brosátʹ tenʹ) — to injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander
  • Russian: пробива́ть (probivátʹ) — to pierce folded sheets for the passage of thread or wire
  • Russian: проби́ть (probítʹ) — to pierce folded sheets for the passage of thread or wire