noun · verb · 34 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
stŭd′ē
Received-Pronunciation:/ˈstʌd.i/
UK:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
General-American:/ˈstʌd.i/
General-American:[ˈstʌɾ.i]
US:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
/ˈstʊd.i/Northern England, Dublin
South-Asia:/(ɪ)ˈsʈəɖ.i/
rhymes with -ʌdi
CMU ARPABET:S T AH1 D IY0
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
noun
Meaning 1
Mental effort to acquire knowledge or learning.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
The study of languages is fascinating.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
2
noun
Meaning 2
The act of studying or examining; examination.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
I made a careful study of his sister.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
noun
Meaning 3
Any particular branch of learning that is studied; any object of attentive consideration.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
4
noun
Meaning 4
A room in a house intended for reading and writing; traditionally the private room of the male head of household.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
Father spends all his time in the study poring over manuscripts.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: home office, cabinet, closet
Antonyms: none provided
5
noun
Meaning 5
An artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
a study of heads or of hands for a figure picture
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
6
noun
Meaning 6
The human face, bearing an expression which the observer finds amusingly typical of a particular emotion or state of mind.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Examples
Geoffrey's face was a study.
Geoffrey's face was a study in amazement [or in bewilderment, irritation, distress etc.]
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
7
noun
Meaning 7
A piece for special practice; an etude.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
8
noun
Meaning 8
An academic publication.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, literary, uncountable
Examples
That new study on noncommutative symmetries looks promising.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
9
noun
Meaning 9
One who commits a theatrical part to memory.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
10
noun
Meaning 10
An endgame problem composed for artistic merit, where one side is to play for a win or for a draw.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, uncountable
Topics: board-games, chess, games
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
11
noun
Meaning 11
A state of mental perplexity or worried thought.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: countable, obsolete, uncountable
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
12
noun
Meaning 12
Thought, as directed to a specific purpose; one's concern.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: archaic, countable, uncountable
Examples
My study was to avoid disturbing her.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
13
verb
Meaning 13
To review materials already learned in order to make sure one does not forget them, usually in preparation for an examination.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive, literary, transitive, usually
Examples
Students are expected to start studying for final exams in March.
I need to study my biology notes.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
14
verb
Meaning 14
To take a course or courses on a subject.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: literary, transitive
Examples
I study medicine at the university.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
15
verb
Meaning 15
To acquire knowledge on a subject with the intention of applying it in practice.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: transitive
Examples
Biologists study living things.
In 2015, scientists found that 82 percent of glaciers studied in China had decreased in size.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
16
verb
Meaning 16
To look at carefully and minutely.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: transitive
Examples
He studied the map in preparation for the hike.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
17
verb
Meaning 17
To fix the mind closely upon a subject; to dwell upon anything in thought; to muse; to ponder.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: transitive
Examples
July 10, 1732, Jonathan Swift, letter to Mr. Gay and The Duchess of Queensberry I found a moral first, and studied for a fable.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
18
verb
Meaning 18
To endeavor diligently; to be zealous.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: archaic, intransitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
19
noun
Meaning 19
a detailed critical inspection
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Narrower terms: factor, factor in, factor out, compare, liken, equate
History
Etymology
Inherited from Middle English studie, from Old French estudie (Modern French étude), borrowed from Latin studium (“zeal, dedication, study”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd- (“to push, to hit”). Doublet of etude and studio.
Inherited from Middle English studien, from Old French estudier (Modern French étudier), from estudie (noun), borrowed from Latin studium. Displaced Old English cneordlæcan.
Across languages
Translations
593 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Albanian:
studim
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Arabic:
تَعَلُّم
(taʕallum)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Arabic:
دِرَاسَة
(dirāsa)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Arabic:
مُطَالَعَة
(muṭālaʕa)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Arabic:
دراسة
(derasa)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Armenian:
ուսում
(usum)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Assamese:
পঢ়া-শুনা
(porha-xuna)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Assamese:
অধ্যয়ন
(odhyoyon)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Asturian:
estudiu
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Azerbaijani:
öyrənmə
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Azerbaijani:
oxuma
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Azerbaijani:
mütaliə
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Belarusian:
вучэ́нне
(vučénnje)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Belarusian:
вучэ́ньне
(vučénʹnje)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Belarusian:
дасле́даванне
(dasljédavannje)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Belarusian:
дасьле́даваньне
(dasʹljédavanʹnje)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Belarusian:
дасьле́дваньне
(dasʹljédvanʹnje)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Bengali:
শিক্ষা
(śikkha)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Bulgarian:
уче́ние
(učénie)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Bulgarian:
изуча́ване
(izučávane)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Bulgarian:
изсле́дване
(izslédvane)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Catalan:
estudi
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Chinese Cantonese:
學習 /学习
(hok6 zaap6)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Chinese Mandarin:
學習 /学习
(xuéxí)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Czech:
studium
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Czech:
učení
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Danish:
studium
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Dutch:
studie
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Esperanto:
studado
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Esperanto:
studo
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Extremaduran:
estuyu
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Finnish:
tutkimus
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Finnish:
opiskelu
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Finnish:
opinnot
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
French:
étude
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
French:
études
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Galician:
estudo
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Georgian:
სწავლა
(sc̣avla)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
German:
Studium
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Greek:
διάβασμα
(diávasma)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Ancient Greek:
ἔντευξις
(énteuxis)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Haitian Creole:
etid
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Hindi:
पढ़ाई
(paṛhāī)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Hindi:
अध्ययन
(adhyayan)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Hungarian:
tanulás
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Hungarian:
tanulmány
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Hungarian:
tanulmányozás
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Hungarian:
stúdium
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
nám
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
bóknám
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
lærdómur
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
fræðiiðkan
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
athugun
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
rannsókn
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
könnun
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
skoðun
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
námsefni
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
rannsóknarefni
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Icelandic:
fræðigrein
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Irish:
staidéar
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Italian:
studio
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Japanese:
学習
(gakushū)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Japanese:
勉強
(benkyō)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Jeju:
공븨
(gongbui)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Kazakh:
оқу
(oqu)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Kazakh:
зерделеу
(zerdeleu)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Kazakh:
білу
(bılu)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Kazakh:
оқыту
(oqytu)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Korean:
학습
(hakseup)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Korean:
공부
(gongbu)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Central Kurdish:
سەعی
(se'î)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Kyrgyz:
окуу
(okuu)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Kyrgyz:
билүү
(bilüü)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Kyrgyz:
үйрөнүү
(üyrönüü)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Latin:
disciplīna
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Latin:
studium
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Latvian:
pētīšana
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Latvian:
studijas
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Lithuanian:
studijos
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Macedonian:
учење
(učenje)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Macedonian:
студија
(studija)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Malayalam:
പഠനം
(paṭhanaṁ)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Marathi:
अभ्यास
(abhyās)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Mongolian:
судалгаа
(sudalgaa)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Norwegian Bokmål:
studium
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Norwegian Bokmål:
studie
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Norwegian Nynorsk:
studium
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Norwegian Nynorsk:
studie
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Old English:
ġecneordnes
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Iranian Persian:
مُطالِعِه
(motâle'e)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Iranian Persian:
دَرْس
(dars)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Iranian Persian:
آموزِش
(âmuzeš)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Polish:
nauka
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Polish:
uczenie się
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Portuguese:
estudo
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Portuguese:
aprendizado
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Romanian:
studiu
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Romanian:
studiere
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Russian:
уче́ние
(učénije)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Russian:
изуче́ние
(izučénije)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Russian:
иссле́дование
(isslédovanije)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Russian:
учёба
(učóba)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Sanskrit:
पठन
(paṭhana)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Serbo-Croatian:
у̀че̄ње
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Serbo-Croatian:
ùčēnje
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Slovak:
učenie
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Slovak:
štúdium
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Slovene:
učenje
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Slovene:
študij
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Spanish:
estudio
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Tajik:
омӯзиш
(omüziš)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Tajik:
дарс
(dars)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Tajik:
мутолиа
(mutolia)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Tamil:
படிப்பு
(paṭippu)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Telugu:
చదువు
(caduvu)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Turkish:
çalışma
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Turkish:
öğrenim
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Turkish:
okuma
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Turkish:
mütalaa
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Ukrainian:
уче́ння
(učénnja)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Ukrainian:
ви́вчення
(vývčennja)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Ukrainian:
дослі́дження
(doslídžennja)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Urdu:
پَڑْھائی
(paṛhāī)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Urdu:
دَرْس
(dars)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Urdu:
مُطالَعَہ
(mutāla'a)
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Uzbek:
oʻqish
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Uzbek:
oʻrganish
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Vietnamese:
sự học tập
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Welsh:
astudiaeth
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Yoruba:
ẹ̀kọ́
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Yoruba:
ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́
— mental effort to acquire knowledge
Armenian:
ուսումնասիրություն
(usumnasirutʻyun)
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Armenian:
հետազոտություն
(hetazotutʻyun)
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Bulgarian:
нау́чна о́бласт
(naúčna óblast)
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Danish:
studie
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Esperanto:
esploro
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Finnish:
tutkimuskohde
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
French:
étude
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Galician:
estudo
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Georgian:
შესწავლა
(šesc̣avla)
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Greek:
μελέτη
(meléti)
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Hungarian:
tan
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Hungarian:
tudományág
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Hungarian:
tudományterület
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Indonesian:
kajian
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Italian:
studio
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Malay:
pengajian
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Māori:
whakaakoranga
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Polish:
badanie
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Portuguese:
estudo
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Spanish:
estudio
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Swedish:
studie
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Yiddish:
שטודיע
(shtudye)
— branch of learning or object that is being studied
Arabic:
مَكْتَب
(maktab)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Armenian:
աշխատասենյակ
(ašxatasenyak)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Armenian:
կաբինետ
(kabinet)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Azerbaijani:
kabinet
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Basque:
ikasgela
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Belarusian:
кабіне́т
(kabinjét)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Belarusian:
габiнэ́т
(habinét)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Bulgarian:
кабине́т
(kabinét)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Burmese:
စာဖတ်ခန်း
(cahpathkan:)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Catalan:
estudi
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Chinese Cantonese:
書房 /书房
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Hakka Chinese:
書房 /书房
(sû-fòng)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Chinese:
冊房 /册房
(zh-min-nan)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Chinese:
書房 /书房
(zh-min-nan)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Chinese Mandarin:
書房 /书房
(shūfáng)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Chinese Mandarin:
書齋 /书斋
(shūzhāi)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Czech:
studovna
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Czech:
pracovna
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Dutch:
studeerkamer
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Dutch:
studiezaal
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Esperanto:
studejo
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Finnish:
lukuhuone
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Finnish:
työhuone
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
French:
étude
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
French:
bureau
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Georgian:
კაბინეტი
(ḳabineṭi)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
German:
Arbeitszimmer
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
German:
Studierzimmer
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
German:
Arbeitsraum
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
German:
Büro
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Hindi:
अध्ययन कक्ष
(adhyayan kakṣ)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Hungarian:
dolgozószoba
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Icelandic:
lesstofa
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Icelandic:
lesherbergi
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Icelandic:
bókaherbergi
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Irish:
seomra staidéir
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Italian:
studio
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Italian:
studiolo
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Japanese:
書斎
(shosai)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Kazakh:
кабинет
(kabinet)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Korean:
서재
(seojae)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Kyrgyz:
кабинет
(kabinet)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Latin:
tablīnum
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Macedonian:
работна соба
(rabotna soba)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Māori:
tari
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Norwegian Bokmål:
arbeidsrom
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Occitan:
estudi
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Polish:
gabinet
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Portuguese:
escritório
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Romanian:
birou
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Russian:
кабине́т
(kabinét)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Scottish Gaelic:
seòmar-rannsachaidh
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Slovak:
pracovňa
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Slovene:
kabinet
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Slovene:
delovna soba
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Spanish:
estudio
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Tajik:
кабинет
(kabinet)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Turkish:
çalışma odası
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Ukrainian:
кабіне́т
(kabinét)
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Uzbek:
kabinet
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Vietnamese:
văn phòng
— room in a house intended for reading and writing
Bulgarian:
упражне́ние
(upražnénie)
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
Czech:
studie
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
Finnish:
tutkielma
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
French:
étude
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
Galician:
estudo
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
German:
Studie
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
Hungarian:
tanulmány
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
Icelandic:
etýða
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
Icelandic:
æfing
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
Italian:
studio
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
Portuguese:
estudo
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
Russian:
этю́д
(etjúd)
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique
Spanish:
estudio
— artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique