suffer

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• UK: sŭfʹər
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• UK: /ˈsʌfə/
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• US: sŭfʹər
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• US: /ˈsʌfɚ/
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• rhymes with -ʌfə(ɹ)
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• CMU ARPABET: S AH1 F ER0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *upó Proto-Italic *supo Latin sub Latin sub- Proto-Indo-European *bher- Proto-Indo-European *bhéreti Proto-Italic *ferō Latin ferō Latin suffero Latin sufferre Vulgar Latin *sufferīre Old French suffrirbor. Middle English suffren English suffer From Middle English suffren, from Anglo-Norman suffrir, from Latin sufferre (“to offer, hold up, bear, suffer”), from sub- (“up, under”) + ferō (“to carry”), from Proto-Indo-European *bher- (“to bear, carry”). Displaced native Old English þrōwian.

234 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Albanian: vuaj — undergo hardship
• Arabic: تَأَلَّمَ (taʔallama) — undergo hardship
• Arabic: عَانَى (ʕānā) — undergo hardship
• Arabic: عانى (ʕāna) — undergo hardship
• Arabic: شِقِي (šigi) — undergo hardship
• Azerbaijani: əziyyət çəkmək — undergo hardship
• Azerbaijani: əzab çəkmək — undergo hardship
• Belarusian: пакутава́ць (pakutavácʹ) — undergo hardship
• Belarusian: му́чыцца (múčycca) — undergo hardship
• Bulgarian: стра́дам (strádam) — undergo hardship
• Bulgarian: мъ́ча са (mǎ́ča sa) — undergo hardship
• Catalan: sofrir — undergo hardship
• Catalan: patir — undergo hardship
• Chinese Mandarin: 受苦 (shòukǔ) — undergo hardship
• Chinese Mandarin: 遭受 (zāoshòu) — undergo hardship
• Chinese Mandarin: 吃苦 (chīkǔ) — undergo hardship
• Chuvash: тарӑх (tarăh) — undergo hardship
• Czech: trpět — undergo hardship
• Danish: lide — undergo hardship
• Dutch: lijden — undergo hardship
• Esperanto: suferi — undergo hardship
• Finnish: kärsiä — undergo hardship
• French: souffrir — undergo hardship
• Old French: susfrir — undergo hardship
• Friulian: sufrî — undergo hardship
• Friulian: patî — undergo hardship
• Galician: sufrir — undergo hardship
• German: leiden — undergo hardship
• Gothic: 𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽 (þulan) — undergo hardship
• Greek: υποφέρω (ypoféro) — undergo hardship
• Greek: βασανίζομαι (vasanízomai) — undergo hardship
• Greek: δεινοπαθώ (deinopathó) — undergo hardship
• Greek: πάσχω (páscho) — undergo hardship
• Ancient Greek: πάσχω (páskhō) — undergo hardship
• Ancient Greek: νοσέω (noséō) — undergo hardship
• Haitian Creole: soufri — undergo hardship
• Hebrew: סבל (saval) — undergo hardship
• Hungarian: szenved — undergo hardship
• Ido: sufrar — undergo hardship
• Ingrian: kärsiä — undergo hardship
• Ingrian: mookkahua — undergo hardship
• Italian: soffrire — undergo hardship
• Italian: penare — undergo hardship
• Italian: patire — undergo hardship
• Japanese: 被る (kōmuru) — undergo hardship
• Kaitag: илгъвана (ilɣvana) — undergo hardship
• Korean: 괴로와하다 (goerowahada) — undergo hardship
• Korean: 시달리다 (sidallida) — undergo hardship
• Korean: 고통받다 (gotongbatda) — undergo hardship
• Korean: 겪다 (gyeokda) — undergo hardship
• Latgalian: cīst — undergo hardship
• Latgalian: stiļt — undergo hardship
• Latin: patior — undergo hardship
• Latvian: ciest — undergo hardship
• Lithuanian: kęsti — undergo hardship
• Lombard: patì — undergo hardship
• Malayalam: കഷ്ടപ്പെടുക (kaṣṭappeṭuka) — undergo hardship
• Māori: ngahi — undergo hardship
• Māori: whakataimaha — undergo hardship
• Māori: whakataumaha — undergo hardship
• Māori: makuhea — undergo hardship
• Norwegian: lide — undergo hardship
• Occitan: sofrir — undergo hardship
• Occitan: patir — undergo hardship
• Old English: þrōwian — undergo hardship
• Old English: drēogan — undergo hardship
• Old English: þolian — undergo hardship
• Piedmontese: patì — undergo hardship
• Polish: cierpieć — undergo hardship
• Polish: pokutować — undergo hardship
• Portuguese: sofrer — undergo hardship
• Quechua: llakiy — undergo hardship
• Quechua: muchuy — undergo hardship
• Quechua: ñak'ay — undergo hardship
• Romanian: suferi — undergo hardship
• Romansh: patir — undergo hardship
• Romansh: pitir — undergo hardship
• Romansh: piteir — undergo hardship
• Russian: страда́ть (stradátʹ) — undergo hardship
• Russian: му́чаться (múčatʹsja) — undergo hardship
• Sardinian: patire — undergo hardship
• Sardinian: patiri — undergo hardship
• Sardinian: sufrire — undergo hardship
• Sardinian: sufriri — undergo hardship
• Sardinian: sunfrire — undergo hardship
• Sardinian: sunfriri — undergo hardship
• Scottish Gaelic: fulaing — undergo hardship
• Serbo-Croatian: патити — undergo hardship
• Serbo-Croatian: patiti — undergo hardship
• Sicilian: patiri — undergo hardship
• Sicilian: suffriri — undergo hardship
• Slovak: trpieť — undergo hardship
• Slovene: trpeti — undergo hardship
• Spanish: sufrir — undergo hardship
• Spanish: penar — undergo hardship
• Spanish: padecer — undergo hardship
• Swahili: teseka — undergo hardship
• Swedish: lida — undergo hardship
• Thai: ตรํา (dtram) — undergo hardship
• Turkish: çekmek — undergo hardship
• Turkish: acı çekmek — undergo hardship
• Ukrainian: стражда́ти (straždáty) — undergo hardship
• Ukrainian: му́читися (múčytysja) — undergo hardship
• Ukrainian: терпі́ти (terpíty) — undergo hardship
• Venetan: patir — undergo hardship
• Vietnamese: chịu đựng — undergo hardship
• Albanian: vuaj — feel pain
• Bulgarian: боли ме (boli me) — feel pain
• Catalan: sofrir — feel pain
• Czech: trpět — feel pain
• Danish: lide — feel pain
• Dutch: lijden — feel pain
• Esperanto: suferi — feel pain
• Esperanto: doloriĝi — feel pain
• Finnish: kärsiä — feel pain
• Finnish: kitua — feel pain
• French: souffrir — feel pain
• Old French: susfrir — feel pain
• Galician: sufrir — feel pain
• German: leiden — feel pain
• Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (winnan) — feel pain
• Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (gawinnan) — feel pain
• Greek: υποφέρω (ypoféro) — feel pain
• Greek: πάσχω (páscho) — feel pain
• Ancient Greek: ἀλγέω (algéō) — feel pain
• Ancient Greek: νοσέω (noséō) — feel pain
• Greenlandic: anniarpoq — feel pain
• Hungarian: szenved — feel pain
• Ingrian: kärsiä — feel pain
• Italian: soffrire — feel pain
• Japanese: 苦しむ (kurushimu) — feel pain
• Latin: doleō — feel pain
• Malayalam: വേദനിക്കുക (vēdanikkuka) — feel pain
• Māori: kōharihari — feel pain
• Māori: pākinikini — feel pain
• Māori: hīwiniwini — feel pain
• Māori: pākikini — feel pain
• Norwegian: lide — feel pain
• Occitan: sofrir — feel pain
• Old English: þrōwian — feel pain
• Polish: cierpieć — feel pain
• Portuguese: sofrer — feel pain
• Quechua: llakiy — feel pain
• Romanian: suferi — feel pain
• Russian: страда́ть (stradátʹ) — feel pain
• Russian: му́чаться (múčatʹsja) — feel pain
• Sanskrit: वहति (vahati) — feel pain
• Spanish: sufrir — feel pain
• Spanish: padecer — feel pain
• Spanish: adolecer — feel pain
• Swahili: teseka — feel pain
• Swedish: lida — feel pain
• Ukrainian: стражда́ти (straždáty) — feel pain
• Ukrainian: му́читися (múčytysja) — feel pain
• Vietnamese: cảm thấy đau — feel pain
• Welsh: dioddef — feel pain
• Catalan: empitjorar — become worse
• Esperanto: plimalboniĝi — become worse
• Finnish: kärsiä — become worse
• French: souffrir de — become worse
• French: pâtir de — become worse
• Galician: empeorar — become worse
• Greek: υποφέρω (ypoféro) — become worse
• Hungarian: megsínyli — become worse
• Hungarian: kárát látja — become worse
• Italian: aggravarsi — become worse
• Latin: aggravor — become worse
• Norwegian: forverre — become worse
• Polish: ucierpieć — become worse
• Portuguese: piorar — become worse
• Russian: страда́ть (stradátʹ) — become worse
• Russian: пострада́ть (postradátʹ) — become worse
• Spanish: empeorar — become worse
• Spanish: sufrir — become worse
• Turkish: kötüleşmek — become worse
• Turkish: kötüye gitmek — become worse
• Welsh: dioddef — become worse
• Albanian: heq keq — to endure, undergo
• Arabic: عَانَى (ʕānā) — to endure, undergo
• Chinese Mandarin: 忍受 (rěnshòu) — to endure, undergo
• Czech: trpět — to endure, undergo
• Esperanto: toleri — to endure, undergo
• Finnish: kestää — to endure, undergo
• Finnish: kärsiä — to endure, undergo
• French: endurer — to endure, undergo
• French: souffrir — to endure, undergo
• French: supporter — to endure, undergo
• French: subir — to endure, undergo
• Galician: sufrir — to endure, undergo
• German: erleiden — to endure, undergo
• Greek: υπομένω (ypoméno) — to endure, undergo
• Greek: εγκαρτερώ (egkarteró) — to endure, undergo
• Ancient Greek: πάσχω (páskhō) — to endure, undergo
• Higaonon: antos — to endure, undergo
• Hungarian: tűr — to endure, undergo
• Hungarian: eltűr — to endure, undergo
• Hungarian: visel — to endure, undergo
• Hungarian: elvisel — to endure, undergo
• Irish: cuir suas le — to endure, undergo
• Italian: subire — to endure, undergo
• Japanese: 我慢する (gaman suru) — to endure, undergo
• Latin: patior — to endure, undergo
• Malayalam: സഹിക്കുക (sahikkuka) — to endure, undergo
• Norwegian: lide — to endure, undergo
• Old English: þrōwian — to endure, undergo
• Old English: āberan — to endure, undergo
• Polish: znosić — to endure, undergo
• Portuguese: sofrer — to endure, undergo
• Russian: выде́рживать (vydérživatʹ) — to endure, undergo
• Russian: вы́держать (výderžatʹ) — to endure, undergo
• Russian: выноси́ть (vynosítʹ) — to endure, undergo
• Russian: вы́нести (výnesti) — to endure, undergo
• Russian: терпе́ть (terpétʹ) — to endure, undergo
• Russian: потерпе́ть (poterpétʹ) — to endure, undergo
• Spanish: sufrir — to endure, undergo
• Spanish: padecer — to endure, undergo
• Spanish: atenerse a — to endure, undergo
• Swahili: teseka — to endure, undergo
• Esperanto: permesi — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Esperanto: lasi — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Finnish: sietää — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Finnish: hyväksyä — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• French: souffrir — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Galician: deixar — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Galician: permitir — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Greek: επιτρέπω (epitrépo) — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Hungarian: enged — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Italian: lasciare — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Portuguese: deixar — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Portuguese: permitir — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Russian: дозволя́ть (dozvoljátʹ) — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Swedish: tillåta — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Swedish: låta — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow
• Ukrainian: дозволяти (dozvoljaty) — ''(archaic in English)'' to allow