summon

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• /ˈsʌmən/
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• US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• rhymes with -ʌmən
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• CMU ARPABET: S AH1 M AH0 N Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Anglo-Norman somoundre, from Old French sumundre, from Latin summonēre, itself from sub + monēre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *monéyeti, causative from *men- (“to think”). Compare typologically from the same PIE root mention, Russian помина́ть (pominátʹ), упомина́ть (upominátʹ) (developed less further, keeping strong relation with по́мнить (pómnitʹ)), also compare помина́й как зва́ли (pomináj kak zváli) (<+ звать (zvatʹ)).

Borrowed from Malay saman (“fine, financial penalty”), which is itself borrowed from English summons (“notice summoning someone to appear in court”). This sense re-emerged in English as summon likely due to the erroneous belief that the original singular English word summons is plural. Doublet of summons and saman.

154 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Bulgarian: свиквам (svikvam) — to call people together
• Catalan: cridar — to call people together
• Czech: svolat — to call people together
• Dutch: bijeenroepen — to call people together
• Egyptian: a:S-A2 (ꜥš) — to call people together
• Finnish: kutsua koolle — to call people together
• French: convoquer — to call people together
• French: convier — to call people together
• German: zusammenrufen — to call people together
• German: herbeirufen — to call people together
• Greek: καλώ (kaló) — to call people together
• Hebrew: זִמֵּן (zimmén) — to call people together
• Hungarian: összehív — to call people together
• Italian: chiamare — to call people together
• Italian: raccogliere — to call people together
• Italian: convocare — to call people together
• Italian: riunire — to call people together
• Italian: adunare — to call people together
• Japanese: 召集する (shōshū suru) — to call people together
• Latin: vocō — to call people together
• Latin: arcessō — to call people together
• Latin: adhibeo — to call people together
• Māori: tūtū — to call people together
• Polish: zwoływać — to call people together
• Polish: zwołać — to call people together
• Portuguese: convocar — to call people together
• Romanian: convoca — to call people together
• Russian: сзыва́ть impf/созыва́ть (szyvátʹ) — to call people together
• Russian: созвать (sozvatʹ) — to call people together
• Russian: призыва́ть (prizyvátʹ) — to call people together
• Russian: призва́ть (prizvátʹ) — to call people together
• Serbo-Croatian: sazvati — to call people together
• Slovene: sklicati — to call people together
• Spanish: convocar — to call people together
• Spanish: llamar — to call people together
• Spanish: reunir — to call people together
• Spanish: citar — to call people together
• Swedish: sammankalla — to call people together
• Ukrainian: склика́ти (sklykáty) — to call people together
• Ukrainian: скли́кати (sklýkaty) — to call people together
• Uyghur: چاقىرتماق (chaqirtmaq) — to call people together
• Uyghur: چاقىرماق (chaqirmaq) — to call people together
• Zulu: -biza — to call people together
• Arabic: يَسْتَحْضِر (yastaḥḍir) — to ask someone to come
• Arabic: يَسْتَدْعِي (yastadʕī) — to ask someone to come
• Bulgarian: викам (vikam) — to ask someone to come
• Bulgarian: каня (kanja) — to ask someone to come
• Catalan: citar — to ask someone to come
• Czech: přivolat — to ask someone to come
• Dutch: ontbieden — to ask someone to come
• Dutch: oproepen — to ask someone to come
• Esperanto: voki — to ask someone to come
• Finnish: kutsua — to ask someone to come
• French: convoquer — to ask someone to come
• French: convier — to ask someone to come
• Galician: chamar por — to ask someone to come
• Galician: convocar — to ask someone to come
• German: herbeirufen — to ask someone to come
• German: (Hilfe) holen — to ask someone to come
• Hindi: बुलाना (bulānā) — to ask someone to come
• Hindi: पुकारना (pukārnā) — to ask someone to come
• Hungarian: odahív — to ask someone to come
• Hungarian: odarendel — to ask someone to come
• Hungarian: hív — to ask someone to come
• Hungarian: hívat — to ask someone to come
• Hungarian: rendel — to ask someone to come
• Hungarian: kéret — to ask someone to come
• Hungarian: behív — to ask someone to come
• Hungarian: behívat — to ask someone to come
• Hungarian: berendel — to ask someone to come
• Hungarian: bekéret — to ask someone to come
• Italian: chiamare — to ask someone to come
• Italian: mandare a chiamare — to ask someone to come
• Italian: convocare — to ask someone to come
• Japanese: 呼び出す (yobidasu) — to ask someone to come
• Latin: vocō — to ask someone to come
• Latin: arcessō — to ask someone to come
• Māori: tūtū — to ask someone to come
• Norwegian: tilkalle — to ask someone to come
• Polish: wzywać — to ask someone to come
• Polish: wezwać — to ask someone to come
• Polish: przywoływać — to ask someone to come
• Polish: przywołać — to ask someone to come
• Portuguese: convocar — to ask someone to come
• Romanian: convoca — to ask someone to come
• Romanian: chema — to ask someone to come
• Russian: звать (zvatʹ) — to ask someone to come
• Russian: позва́ть (pozvátʹ) — to ask someone to come
• Russian: вызыва́ть (vyzyvátʹ) — to ask someone to come
• Russian: вы́звать (výzvatʹ) — to ask someone to come
• Serbo-Croatian: dozvati — to ask someone to come
• Serbo-Croatian: prizvati — to ask someone to come
• Sikkimese: ཀུག (kug) — to ask someone to come
• Slovene: pozvati — to ask someone to come
• Spanish: llamar — to ask someone to come
• Spanish: citar — to ask someone to come
• Swedish: inbjuda — to ask someone to come
• Telugu: రప్పించు (rappiñcu) — to ask someone to come
• Ukrainian: виклика́ти (vyklykáty) — to ask someone to come
• Ukrainian: ви́кликати (výklykaty) — to ask someone to come
• Bulgarian: призовавам (prizovavam) — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Catalan: citar — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Czech: předvolat — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Finnish: kutsua — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Finnish: haastaa — law: to order someone to appear in court
• French: convoquer — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Galician: emprazar — law: to order someone to appear in court
• German: vorladen — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Middle High German: vürladen — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Old High German: foraladōn — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Old High German: furiladōn — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Hungarian: idéz — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Hungarian: beidéz — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Hungarian: megidéz — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Italian: convocare — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Italian: citare in giudizio — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Italian: intimare — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Japanese: 召喚する (shōkan suru) — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Japanese: 出頭を命ずる (shuttō o meizuru) — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Latin: convoco — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Latin: arcessō — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Māori: hāmene — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Polish: pozywać — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Polish: pozwać — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Portuguese: convocar — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Portuguese: intimar — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Russian: вызыва́ть (vyzyvátʹ) — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Russian: вы́звать (výzvatʹ) — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Serbo-Croatian: prizvati — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Spanish: citar — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Ukrainian: виклика́ти (vyklykáty) — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Ukrainian: ви́кликати (výklykaty) — law: to order someone to appear in court
• Finnish: koota — to rouse oneself to exert a skill
• French: rassembler — to rouse oneself to exert a skill
• German: zusammennehmen — to rouse oneself to exert a skill
• German: aufbieten — to rouse oneself to exert a skill
• Hungarian: összeszed — to rouse oneself to exert a skill
• Hungarian: összegyűjt — to rouse oneself to exert a skill
• Catalan: invocar — to call a resource by magic
• Finnish: loihtia — to call a resource by magic
• Finnish: manata esiin — to call a resource by magic
• French: invoquer — to call a resource by magic
• German: beschwören — to call a resource by magic
• Hungarian: megidéz — to call a resource by magic
• Hungarian: idéz — to call a resource by magic
• Italian: evocare — to call a resource by magic
• Latin: ēvōcō — to call a resource by magic
• Latin: ēliciō — to call a resource by magic
• Norwegian: påkalle — to call a resource by magic
• Portuguese: evocar — to call a resource by magic
• Portuguese: invocar — to call a resource by magic
• Spanish: llamar — to call a resource by magic
• Spanish: invocar — to call a resource by magic
• Swedish: mana fram — to call a resource by magic