Standard Lemma guide

summons

noun · verb · 10 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈsʌ.mənz/
  • General-American: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: S AH1 M AH0 N Z Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A call to do something, especially to come.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A notice summoning someone to appear in court, as a defendant, juror or witness.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: subpoena

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A demand for surrender.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: government, military, politics, war

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

plural of summon

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: form-of, plural

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To serve someone with a summons.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

third-person singular simple present indicative of summon

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: process

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: writ, judicial writ

Narrower terms: citation, monition, process of monition, ticket

8

noun

Meaning 8

an order to appear in person at a given place and time

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: order

Narrower terms: call up

9

noun

Meaning 9

a request to be present

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • they came at his bidding

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: bidding

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: invitation

10

verb

Meaning 10

call in an official matter, such as to attend court

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: summon, cite

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: call, send for

Narrower terms: vouch, demand

History

Etymology

From Middle English somouns (“order or command to do something”), borrowed from Old French sumunce (modern French semonce), from Vulgar Latin *summonsa, a noun use of the feminine past participle of summoneō, summonēre (“to summon”).

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Across languages

Translations

75 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: اِسْتِدْعَاء (istidʕāʔ) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Azerbaijani: çağırış — call to do something, especially to come
  • Belarusian: выкліка́нне (vyklikánnje) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Belarusian: вы́клік (výklik) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Belarusian: вы́заў (výzaw) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Bulgarian: при́зив (príziv) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Catalan: citació — call to do something, especially to come
  • Czech: výzva — call to do something, especially to come
  • Dutch: oproep — call to do something, especially to come
  • Finnish: kutsu — call to do something, especially to come
  • Finnish: kokouskutsu — call to do something, especially to come
  • French: convocation — call to do something, especially to come
  • Galician: chamamento — call to do something, especially to come
  • German: Aufforderung — call to do something, especially to come
  • Ancient Greek: κλῆσις (klêsis) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Indonesian: surat panggilan — call to do something, especially to come
  • Irish: toghairm — call to do something, especially to come
  • Italian: convocazione — call to do something, especially to come
  • Italian: adunanza — call to do something, especially to come
  • Japanese: 呼び出し (yobidashi) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Polish: wezwanie — call to do something, especially to come
  • Portuguese: convocação — call to do something, especially to come
  • Russian: вы́зов (výzov) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Spanish: convocatoria — call to do something, especially to come
  • Swedish: kallelse — call to do something, especially to come
  • Ottoman Turkish: دعوت (daʼvet) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Ukrainian: ви́клик (výklyk) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Ukrainian: за́клик (záklyk) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Ukrainian: виклика́ння (vyklykánnja) — call to do something, especially to come
  • Albanian: fletëthirrje — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Arabic: اِسْتِدْعَاء (istidʕāʔ) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Armenian: ծանուցագիր (canucʻagir) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Azerbaijani: çağırış — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Belarusian: паве́стка (pavjéstka) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Bengali: সমন (śomon) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Bulgarian: призо́вка (prizóvka) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Bulgarian: повиква́телна (povikvátelna) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Catalan: compareixença — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Cebuano: sumon — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Chinese Mandarin: 傳票 /传票 (chuánpiào) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Chinese Mandarin: 傳訊 /传讯 (chuánxùn) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Czech: předvolání — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Dutch: dagvaarding — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Finnish: haaste — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Finnish: kutsu — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • French: citation à comparaître — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • French: citation — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • French: convocation — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • German: Vorladung — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Greek: κλήση (klísi) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Ancient Greek: κλῆσις (klêsis) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Hindi: सम्मन (samman) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Hungarian: idézés — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Hungarian: beidézés — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Indonesian: surat panggilan sidang — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Indonesian: surat pemanggilan sidang — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Irish: fógra — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Irish: toghairm — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Italian: citazione — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Japanese: 召喚 (shōkan) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Japanese: 召喚状 (shōkanjō) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Korean: 소환 (sohwan) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Korean: 소환장 (sohwanjang) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Malay: saman — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Polish: wezwanie — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Portuguese: intimação — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Russian: пове́стка (povéstka) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Slovak: predvolanie — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Spanish: citación — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Swahili: barua ya wito — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Swedish: kallelse — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Tamil: சம்மன் (cammaṉ) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Thai: หมายเรียก (mǎai-rîiak) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Ukrainian: пові́стка (povístka) — notice summoning someone to appear in court
  • Welsh: gwŷs — notice summoning someone to appear in court
Real reading context

summons in complete knowledge articles