Standard Lemma guide

sumptuary

adj · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈsʌm(p)t͡ʃʊəɹi/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈsʌm(p)tjʊəɹi/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈsʌm(p)t͡ʃəɹi/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈsʌm(p)tjʊɹi/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • General-American: /ˈsʌm(p)t͡ʃuˌɛɹi/
  • General-American: /-tju-/
  • General-American: /-t͡ʃəˌwɛɹi/

1

adj

Meaning 1

Relating to expenditure or expense, especially on luxury goods.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

adj

Meaning 2

Chiefly in sumptuary law: of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles (especially luxurious ones), to regulate the prices of commodities and the wages of labour, or to reinforce morals or social hierarchies.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: historical

Topics: law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

adj

Meaning 3

Of or relating to sumptuary laws or regulations.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: broadly, historical

Topics: law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

adjective satellite

Meaning 4

regulating or controlling expenditure or personal behavior

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • sumptuary laws discouraging construction of large houses on small plots
  • sumptuary laws forbidding gambling

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

From Latin sūmptuārius (“of or relating to expenditure, sumptuary; person in charge of household expenses”) + English -ary (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives). Sūmptuārius is derived from sūmptus (“charge, cost, expense”) + -ārius (suffix forming adjectives); and sūmptus from sūmō (“to catch, seize, take; to acquire, get, obtain; to apply, employ, use; to consume, spend”) (from sub- (prefix meaning ‘below, beneath, under’) + emō (“to acquire, procure; to buy, purchase”) (from Proto-Indo-European *h1em- (“to distribute; to take”))) + -tus (suffix forming action nouns from verbs). Cognates * Middle French sumptuaire (modern French somptuaire) * Italian sontuario * Portuguese suntuário * Spanish suntuario

Across languages

Translations

25 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Catalan: sumptuari — relating to expenditure or expense
  • Esperanto: priluksa — relating to expenditure or expense
  • French: somptuaire — relating to expenditure or expense
  • Galician: suntuario — relating to expenditure or expense
  • Ido: luxala — relating to expenditure or expense
  • Italian: sontuario — relating to expenditure or expense
  • Italian: suntuario — relating to expenditure or expense
  • Latin: sūmptuārius — relating to expenditure or expense
  • Portuguese: suntuário — relating to expenditure or expense
  • Romanian: somptuar — relating to expenditure or expense
  • Spanish: suntuario — relating to expenditure or expense
  • Catalan: sumptuari — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Esperanto: kontraŭluksa — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • French: somptuaire — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Galician: suntuario — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Ido: luxala — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Italian: sontuario — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Italian: suntuario — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Latin: sūmptuārius — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Portuguese: suntuário — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Romanian: somptuar — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Spanish: suntuario — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Welsh: gwrthwariant — of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles
  • Catalan: sumptuari — of or relating to sumptuary laws or regulations
  • Esperanto: kontraŭluksa — of or relating to sumptuary laws or regulations