Standard Lemma guide

surface

name · noun · verb · 25 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈsɜːfɪs/ weak vowel distinction
  • [ˈsɜːfɪs] weak vowel distinction
  • /ˈsɜːfəs/ weak vowel merger
  • [ˈsɜːfəs] weak vowel merger
  • /ˈsɝfɪs/ weak vowel distinction
  • [ˈsɝfɪs] weak vowel distinction
  • /ˈsɝfəs/ weak vowel merger
  • [ˈsɝfəs] weak vowel merger
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: S ER1 F AH0 S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

name

Meaning 1

A surname.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The external boundary of an object or body.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The overside or upside of a flat object such as a table, or of a liquid.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

The outside hull of a tangible object.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

Outward or external appearance.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively

Examples

  • On the surface, the spy looked like a typical businessman.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

The locus of an equation (especially one with exactly two degrees of freedom) in a space of more than two dimensions.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: geometry, mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

The story or image suggested by a cryptic clue, when read as a whole sentence without considering wordplay.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Qualifier: crosswording

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

A portion of the display to which graphics can be rendered.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: computer-graphics, computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences

Examples

  • The video player algorithm requires a target surface.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

verb

Meaning 9

To provide with a surface; to apply a surface to.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • The crew surfaced the road with bitumen.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

10

verb

Meaning 10

To rise to the surface.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Examples

  • There was great relief when the missing diver finally surfaced.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

11

verb

Meaning 11

To bring to the surface.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

12

verb

Meaning 12

To come out of hiding.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: figuratively, intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

13

verb

Meaning 13

To become known or apparent; to appear or be found; to come to light.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

Qualifier: facts; content; etc; facts; content; etc

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

14

verb

Meaning 14

To make (information, facts, content, etc) known.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

15

verb

Meaning 15

To work a mine near the surface.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

16

adjective

Meaning 16

on the surface

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • surface materials of the moon

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: subsurface, overhead

17

noun

Meaning 17

a device that provides reactive force when in motion relative to the surrounding air; can lift or control a plane in flight

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: airfoil, aerofoil, control surface

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: device

Narrower terms: aileron, elevator, flap, flaps, horizontal stabilizer, horizontal stabiliser, tailplane, rotor blade, rotary wing, rudder, spoiler, stabilizer, vertical tail, wing

18

noun

Meaning 18

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • there is a special cleaner for these surfaces
  • the cloth had a pattern of red dots on a white surface

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: artifact, artefact

Narrower terms: bed, board, gameboard, face, ground, horizontal surface, level, Klein bottle, meniscus, miter, mitre, Mobius strip, plaster, plasterwork, screen, silver screen, projection screen, side, skin, spandrel, spandril, superficies, tread, vertical surface, work surface

19

noun

Meaning 19

information that has become public

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • all the reports were out in the open
  • the facts had been brought to the surface

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: open

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: public knowledge, general knowledge

20

noun

Meaning 20

a superficial aspect as opposed to the real nature of something

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • it was not what it appeared to be on the surface

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: aspect, facet

21

noun

Meaning 21

the extended two-dimensional outer boundary of a three-dimensional object

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • they skimmed over the surface of the water
  • a brush small enough to clean every dental surface
  • the sun has no distinct surface

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: boundary, bound, bounds

Narrower terms: interface, hard palate, palate, roof of the mouth, side, face, celestial sphere, sphere, empyrean, firmament, heavens, vault of heaven, welkin, end, inside, interior, outside, exterior, substrate, substratum, wave front, wavefront, photosphere

22

noun

Meaning 22

the outermost level of the land or sea

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • earthquakes originate far below the surface
  • three quarters of the Earth's surface is covered by water

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: Earth's surface

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: layer

Narrower terms: floor

23

verb

Meaning 23

appear or become visible; make a showing

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • She turned up at the funeral
  • I hope the list key is going to surface again

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: come on, come out, turn up, show up

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: appear

24

verb

Meaning 24

put a coat on; cover the surface of; furnish with a surface

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • coat the cake with chocolate

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: coat

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: cover

Narrower terms: rubberize, rubberise, rubber, anodize, anodise, gelatinize, skim, stucco, egg, encrust, incrust, dredge, soot, refinish, brush on, patinate, patinize, patinise, resurface, crumb, copper, finish, bonderize, bonderise, blacktop, foliate, galvanize, galvanise, pave, varnish, seal, glaze, tar, enrobe, plaster, daub, render, skimcoat, paint, cement, grit, plate, metal, macadamize, macadamise, tarmac, size, metalize, metallize, platinize, porcelainize, zinc

25

verb

Meaning 25

come to the surface

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: come up, rise up, rise

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: ascend, go up

Narrower terms: emerge, resurface, bubble up, intumesce, well, swell

History

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French surface. By surface analysis, sur- + face. Doublet of superficies.

Across languages

Translations

184 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: oppervlak — up-side of a flat object
  • Albanian: syprinë — up-side of a flat object
  • Albanian: sipërfaqe — up-side of a flat object
  • Arabic: سَطْح (saṭḥ) — up-side of a flat object
  • Armenian: մակերեւույթ (makerewuytʻ) — up-side of a flat object
  • Armenian: մակերես (makeres) — up-side of a flat object
  • Asturian: superficie — up-side of a flat object
  • Azerbaijani: səth — up-side of a flat object
  • Azerbaijani: üzəri — up-side of a flat object
  • Bangi: etando — up-side of a flat object
  • Belarusian: паве́рхня (pavjérxnja) — up-side of a flat object
  • Breton: gorreenn — up-side of a flat object
  • Bulgarian: повъ́рхност (povǎ́rhnost) — up-side of a flat object
  • Catalan: superfície — up-side of a flat object
  • Chinese Cantonese: 表面 (biu2 min6) — up-side of a flat object
  • Hakka Chinese: 表面 (péu-mien) — up-side of a flat object
  • Chinese: 表面 (zh-min-nan) — up-side of a flat object
  • Chinese Mandarin: 表面 (biǎomiàn) — up-side of a flat object
  • Czech: povrch — up-side of a flat object
  • Danish: overflade — up-side of a flat object
  • Dutch: oppervlakte — up-side of a flat object
  • Dutch: oppervlak — up-side of a flat object
  • Esperanto: surfaco — up-side of a flat object
  • Faroese: yvirflati — up-side of a flat object
  • Finnish: pinta — up-side of a flat object
  • French: surface — up-side of a flat object
  • Galician: superficie — up-side of a flat object
  • Georgian: ზედაპირი (zedaṗiri) — up-side of a flat object
  • German: Oberfläche — up-side of a flat object
  • Greek: επιφάνεια (epifáneia) — up-side of a flat object
  • Ancient Greek: ἐπιπολή (epipolḗ) — up-side of a flat object
  • Higaonon: taglutaw — up-side of a flat object
  • Hindi: तल (tal) — up-side of a flat object
  • Hungarian: felszín — up-side of a flat object
  • Icelandic: yfirborð — up-side of a flat object
  • Ido: surfaco — up-side of a flat object
  • Indonesian: permukaan — up-side of a flat object
  • Irish: dreach — up-side of a flat object
  • Italian: superficie — up-side of a flat object
  • Japanese: 表面 (hyōmen) — up-side of a flat object
  • Kazakh: бет (bet) — up-side of a flat object
  • Kazakh: үст (üst) — up-side of a flat object
  • Korean: 표면 (pyomyeon) — up-side of a flat object
  • Ladino: sovrefaz — up-side of a flat object
  • Latgalian: vierss — up-side of a flat object
  • Latin: superficiēs — up-side of a flat object
  • Latvian: virsma — up-side of a flat object
  • Lingala: etando — up-side of a flat object
  • Lithuanian: paviršius — up-side of a flat object
  • Lithuanian: danga — up-side of a flat object
  • Macedonian: површина (površina) — up-side of a flat object
  • Malay: permukaan — up-side of a flat object
  • Malayalam: ഉപരിതലം (uparitalaṁ) — up-side of a flat object
  • Māori: kārewa — up-side of a flat object
  • Māori: mata — up-side of a flat object
  • Māori: karetai — up-side of a flat object
  • Māori: kahu — up-side of a flat object
  • Mongolian: талбай (talbaj) — up-side of a flat object
  • Khiamniungan Naga: ātshùi — up-side of a flat object
  • Classical Nahuatl: īxtli — up-side of a flat object
  • Norwegian Bokmål: overflate — up-side of a flat object
  • Norwegian Bokmål: dekke — up-side of a flat object
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: overflate — up-side of a flat object
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: dekke — up-side of a flat object
  • Occitan: superficia — up-side of a flat object
  • Old English: brādnes — up-side of a flat object
  • Polish: powierzchnia — up-side of a flat object
  • Portuguese: superfície — up-side of a flat object
  • Romanian: suprafață — up-side of a flat object
  • Russian: пове́рхность (povérxnostʹ) — up-side of a flat object
  • Sanskrit: प्रतीक (pratīka) — up-side of a flat object
  • Serbo-Croatian: по̏вршина — up-side of a flat object
  • Serbo-Croatian: pȍvršina — up-side of a flat object
  • Sinhalese: මතුපිට (matupiṭa) — up-side of a flat object
  • Slovak: povrch — up-side of a flat object
  • Slovene: površina — up-side of a flat object
  • Spanish: superficie — up-side of a flat object
  • Swedish: yta — up-side of a flat object
  • Tagalog: dayag — up-side of a flat object
  • Tagalog: karayagan — up-side of a flat object
  • Telugu: ఉపరితలం (uparitalaṁ) — up-side of a flat object
  • Thai: พื้นผิว (pʉ́ʉn-pǐu) — up-side of a flat object
  • Tocharian B: ānte — up-side of a flat object
  • Turkish: yüzey — up-side of a flat object
  • Ottoman Turkish: یوز (yüz) — up-side of a flat object
  • Ukrainian: пове́рхня (povérxnja) — up-side of a flat object
  • Uyghur: بەت (bet) — up-side of a flat object
  • Vietnamese: mặt — up-side of a flat object
  • Vietnamese: bề mặt — up-side of a flat object
  • Welsh: arwyneb — up-side of a flat object
  • Yiddish: אויבנאויף (oybnoyf) — up-side of a flat object
  • Dutch: oppervlak — outside hull of a tangible object
  • Dutch: buitenzijde — outside hull of a tangible object
  • Finnish: pinta — outside hull of a tangible object
  • Greek: επιφάνεια (epifáneia) — outside hull of a tangible object
  • Hungarian: felület — outside hull of a tangible object
  • Hungarian: felszín — outside hull of a tangible object
  • Khiamniungan Naga: ātshùi — outside hull of a tangible object
  • Bulgarian: въ́ншност (vǎ́nšnost) — outward or external appearance
  • Finnish: pintapuoli — outward or external appearance
  • Greek: επιφάνεια (epifáneia) — outward or external appearance
  • Hungarian: felszín — outward or external appearance
  • Hungarian: kinézet — outward or external appearance
  • Hungarian: látszat — outward or external appearance
  • Khiamniungan Naga: ātshùi — outward or external appearance
  • Arabic: سَطْح (saṭḥ) — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Armenian: մակերեւույթ (makerewuytʻ) — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Asturian: superficie — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Azerbaijani: səth — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Basque: gainazal — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Bulgarian: повъ́рхност (povǎ́rhnost) — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Catalan: superfície — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Czech: plocha — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Dutch: oppervlak — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Esperanto: surfaco — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Finnish: pinta — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • French: surface — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Galician: superficie — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • German: Fläche — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Hungarian: felület — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Icelandic: yfirborð — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Irish: dromchla — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Italian: superficie — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Kazakh: бет (bet) — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Korean: 곡면 (gongmyeon) — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Latvian: virsma — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Lithuanian: paviršius — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Occitan: superfícia — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Polish: powierzchnia — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Portuguese: superfície — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Romanian: suprafață — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Russian: поверхность (poverxnostʹ) — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Slovene: ploskev — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Spanish: superficie — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Swedish: yta — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Turkish: yüzey — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Ukrainian: поверхня (poverxnja) — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Vietnamese: mặt — locus of an equation in a more-than-two-dimensional space
  • Hungarian: burkol — to apply a surface to
  • Hungarian: beburkol — to apply a surface to
  • Arabic: طفا إلى السطح — to rise to the surface
  • Bulgarian: показвам се на повърхността (pokazvam se na povǎrhnostta) — to rise to the surface
  • Dutch: opduiken — to rise to the surface
  • Dutch: boven water komen — to rise to the surface
  • Dutch: aan de oppervlakte brengen — to rise to the surface
  • Finnish: nousta pintaan — to rise to the surface
  • Finnish: nousta pinnalle — to rise to the surface
  • Finnish: pintautua — to rise to the surface
  • French: faire surface — to rise to the surface
  • German: auftauchen — to rise to the surface
  • Greek: αναδύομαι (anadýomai) — to rise to the surface
  • Hungarian: felszínre jön/emelkedik — to rise to the surface
  • Hungarian: felbukkan — to rise to the surface
  • Hungarian: előbukkan — to rise to the surface
  • Hungarian: felmerül — to rise to the surface
  • Irish: uachtar — to rise to the surface
  • Italian: venire a galla — to rise to the surface
  • Italian: emergere — to rise to the surface
  • Māori: maiea — to rise to the surface
  • Māori: aranga — to rise to the surface
  • Māori: puea — to rise to the surface
  • Russian: всплыва́ть (vsplyvátʹ) — to rise to the surface
  • Serbo-Croatian: ѝспливати — to rise to the surface
  • Serbo-Croatian: изронити — to rise to the surface
  • Serbo-Croatian: ìsplivati — to rise to the surface
  • Serbo-Croatian: izroniti — to rise to the surface
  • Spanish: subir a la superficie — to rise to the surface
  • Hungarian: felszínre hoz — to bring to the surface
  • Spanish: subir a la superficie — to bring to the surface
  • Arabic: طفا إلى السطح — (of information) to become known
  • Bulgarian: изплувам (izpluvam) — (of information) to become known
  • Bulgarian: разчувам се (razčuvam se) — (of information) to become known
  • Finnish: paljastua — (of information) to become known
  • Finnish: tulla julki — (of information) to become known
  • French: faire surface — (of information) to become known
  • German: publik werden — (of information) to become known
  • German: ans Licht kommen — (of information) to become known
  • Greek: αναδύομαι (anadýomai) — (of information) to become known
  • Hungarian: kiderül — (of information) to become known
  • Hungarian: felszínre/napvilágra kerül — (of information) to become known
  • Italian: venire a galla — (of information) to become known
  • Italian: emergere — (of information) to become known
  • Russian: всплыва́ть (vsplyvátʹ) — (of information) to become known
  • Russian: выясня́ться (vyjasnjátʹsja) — (of information) to become known
Real reading context

surface in complete knowledge articles