Standard Lemma guide

sustenance

noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈsʌs.tə.nəns/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: S AH1 S T AH0 N AH0 N S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

Something that provides support or nourishment.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

the act of sustaining life by food or providing a means of subsistence

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • they were in want of sustenance
  • fishing was their main sustainment

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: sustentation, sustainment, maintenance, upkeep

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: support

3

noun

Meaning 3

a source of materials to nourish the body

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: nutriment, nourishment, nutrition, aliment, alimentation, victuals

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: food, nutrient

Narrower terms: milk, course, dainty, delicacy, goody, kickshaw, treat, dish, fast food, finger food, ingesta, kosher, meal, repast, mess, mince, puree, stodge, wheat germ, vitamin

4

noun

Meaning 4

the financial means whereby one lives

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • each child was expected to pay for their keep
  • he applied to the state for support
  • he could no longer earn his own livelihood

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: support, keep, livelihood, living, bread and butter

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: resource

Narrower terms: comforts, creature comforts, amenities, conveniences, maintenance, meal ticket, subsistence

History

Etymology

From Middle English sustenaunce, from Old French sustenance, from sustenir with the suffix -ance, from Vulgar Latin *sustenire, from Latin sustinere. Compare also Late Latin sustinentia. Equivalent to sustain + -ance.

Across languages

Translations

33 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bengali: রিজিক (rijik) — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Bengali: রুজি (ruji) — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Bengali: জীবিকা (jibika) — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Bulgarian: препитание (prepitanie) — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Bulgarian: издръжка (izdrǎžka) — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Chinese Mandarin: 维持生计 — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Finnish: ylläpito — something that provides support or nourishment
  • French: fondement — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Galician: mantenza — something that provides support or nourishment
  • German: Nahrung — something that provides support or nourishment
  • German: Verpflegung — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Ancient Greek: διατροφή (diatrophḗ) — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Hebrew: פַּרְנָסָה — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Icelandic: viðurværi — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Icelandic: fæði — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Icelandic: matur — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Icelandic: næring — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Irish: cothabháil — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Italian: sostentamento — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Latin: pābulum — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Māori: manapou — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Nahuatl: itaca — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Navajo: yistʼé — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Russian: пропита́ние (propitánije) — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Serbo-Croatian: по̀дршка — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Serbo-Croatian: по̏тпора — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Serbo-Croatian: pòdrška — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Serbo-Croatian: pȍtpora — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Spanish: sustento — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Spanish: sustentamiento — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Spanish: sostenimiento — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Spanish: mantenencia — something that provides support or nourishment
  • Turkish: geçim — something that provides support or nourishment