Standard Lemma guide

syndrome

noun · 4 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈsɪndɹəʊm/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /-dɹəm/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • General-American: / ˈsin-ˌdrōm/
  • General-American: /ˈsɪndɹoʊm/
  • General-American: /-dɹəm/
  • CMU ARPABET: S IH1 N D R OW2 M Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A recognizable pattern of signs, symptoms and/or behaviours, especially of a disease or medical or psychological condition.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: medicine, pathology, sciences

Examples

  • Down syndrome; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; restless-leg syndrome; battered-wife syndrome

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

Any set of characteristics regarded as identifying a certain type, condition, etc., usually adverse.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Examples

  • not-in-my-backyard syndrome; tip-of-the-tongue syndrome

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

a complex of concurrent things

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • every word has a syndrome of meanings

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: complex, composite

4

noun

Meaning 4

a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: symptom

Narrower terms: autism, attention deficit disorder, ADD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD, hyperkinetic syndrome, minimal brain dysfunction, minimal brain damage, MBD, Horner's syndrome, cervical disc syndrome, cervical root syndrome, Chinese restaurant syndrome, Conn's syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome, FAS, Gulf War syndrome, Persian Gulf illness, Klinefelter's syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, XXY-syndrome, malabsorption syndrome, Munchausen's syndrome, Munchausen syndrome, nephrotic syndrome, nephrosis, Noonan's syndrome, phantom limb syndrome, premenstrual syndrome, PMS, radiation sickness, radiation syndrome, radiation, Ramsay Hunt syndrome, Reiter's syndrome, Reiter's disease, restless legs syndrome, restless legs, Ekbom syndrome, Reye's syndrome, scalenus syndrome, tetany, tetanilla, intermittent tetanus, intermittent cramp, apyretic tetanus, thoracic outlet syndrome, Tietze's syndrome, Tourette's syndrome, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, tetralogy of Fallot, Fallot's tetralogy, Fallot's syndrome, toxic shock, toxic shock syndrome, TSS, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, Williams syndrome, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

History

Etymology

Learned borrowing from New Latin syndrome, from Ancient Greek συνδρομή (sundromḗ, “concurrence of symptoms, concourse”), from σύνδρομος (súndromos, “running together”), from συν- (sun-, “with”) + δρόμος (drómos, “running, course”).

Across languages

Translations

57 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: مُتَلَازِمَة (mutalāzima) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Arabic: أَعْرَاض (ʔaʕrāḍ) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Arabic: لازمة (lázma) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Arabic: سيندروم — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Armenian: համախտանիշ (hamaxtaniš) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Asturian: síndrome — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Azerbaijani: sindrom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Belarusian: сіндро́м (sindróm) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Bulgarian: синдром (sindrom) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Catalan: síndrome — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Chinese Mandarin: 綜合徵 /综合征 (zònghézhēng) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Chinese Mandarin: 症候群 (zhènghòuqún) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Chinese Mandarin: 綜合症 /综合症 (zònghézhèng) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Czech: syndrom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Danish: syndrom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Dutch: syndroom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Esperanto: sindromo — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Finnish: oireyhtymä — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Finnish: syndrooma — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • French: syndrome — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Georgian: სინდრომი (sindromi) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • German: Syndrom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Greek: σύνδρομο (sýndromo) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Hungarian: szindróma — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Hungarian: tünetegyüttes — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Hungarian: tünetcsoport — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Indonesian: sindrom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Irish: siondróm — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Italian: sindrome — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Japanese: 症候群 (shōkōgun) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Japanese: シンドローム (shindorōmu) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Kazakh: синдром (sindrom) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Kazakh: нышанат (nyşanat) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Korean: 증후군 (jeunghugun) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Lithuanian: sindromas — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Norwegian Bokmål: syndrom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: syndrom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Persian: سندرم — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Persian: نشانگان (nešāngān) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Polish: zespół — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Polish: syndrom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Portuguese: síndrome (masc. in pt-pt) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Portuguese: síndroma — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Russian: синдро́м (sindróm) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Samogitian: sėndruoms — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Serbo-Croatian: sìndrōm — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Sinhalese: සහලක්ෂණය (sahalakṣaṇaya) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Spanish: síndrome — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Swedish: syndrom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Thai: กลุ่มอาการ (glùm-aa-gaan) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Turkish: sendrom — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Ukrainian: синдро́м (syndróm) — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Vietnamese: hội chứng — recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours
  • Chinese Mandarin: 典型特徵 /典型特征 (diǎnxíng tèzhēng) — set of characteristics
  • Finnish: ilmiö — set of characteristics
  • Finnish: oireisto — set of characteristics
  • Polish: syndrom — set of characteristics
Real reading context

syndrome in complete knowledge articles