turf

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• General-American: /tɝf/
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• Australian, Received-Pronunciation: /tɜːf/
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• Australia: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• Scotland: /tʌɾf/
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• New-Zealand, Wales: /tøːf/
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• /teːf/ Liverpool, fair–fur merger
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• /tɛːf/ Humberside, Teesside, fair–fur merger
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• rhymes with -ɜː(ɹ)f
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• homophone: TERF (fern–fir–fur merger)
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• CMU ARPABET: T ER1 F Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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From Middle English turf, torf, from Old English turf (“turf, sod, soil, piece of grass-covered earth, greensward”), from Proto-West Germanic *turb (“turf, peat”), from Proto-Germanic *turbz (“turf, lawn”), from Proto-Indo-European *derbh- (“tuft, grass”). Cognates Cognate with Scots turr, truff (“turf, peat”), Dutch turf (“turf”), Middle Low German torf (“peat, turf”) (whence German Torf and German Low German Torf), Danish tørv (“peat”), Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian, and Swedish torv (“turf”), Norn *torv (“peat”), French tourbe (“peat”), Finnish turve (“turf”), Lithuanian darbas (“bunch of leaves”), durpės (“peat”), Sanskrit दर्भ (darbhá, “a type of grass”), दूर्वा (dū́rvā, “bent grass”). Not cognate with Danish torv (“square, market, marketplace”), which is instead inherited from Old Norse torg (“marketplace”), from Old East Slavic търгъ (tŭrgŭ, “trade, trading, commerce, trade square”), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *tъ̑rgъ (“merchandise, commodity, wares”).

91 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Armenian: ճիմ (čim) — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Bulgarian: чим (čim) — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Catalan: gespa — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Czech: drn — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Czech: trávník — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Czech: pažit — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Dutch: grasveld — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Dutch: gazon — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Esperanto: torfo — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Esperanto: turfo — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Finnish: nurmi — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• French: gazon — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• German: Rasen — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Greek: χλόη (chlói) — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Greek: γρασίδι (grasídi) — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Ancient Greek: βῶλος (bôlos) — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Icelandic: torf — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Italian: erba — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Italian: zolla erbosa — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Latin: caespes — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Latvian: velēna — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Norwegian: gressmatte — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Occitan: pelena — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Occitan: tepa — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Plautdietsch: Sood — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Portuguese: gramado — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Russian: дёрн (djorn) — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Spanish: césped — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Spanish: terreno — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Spanish: territorio — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Ottoman Turkish: چیم (çim) — a layer of earth covered with grass; sod
• Armenian: ճիմ (čim) — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Bulgarian: чим (čim) — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Czech: drn — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Dutch: graszode — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Finnish: nurmi — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Finnish: nurmikerros — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Finnish: nurmimatto — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• French: une motte f de gazon — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• German: Grassode — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Greek: χλοοτάπητας (chlootápitas) — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Icelandic: torfa — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Italian: zolla d'erba — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Latin: caespes — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Latvian: velēna — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Norwegian: ferdigplen — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Portuguese: torrão — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Russian: дёрн (djorn) — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Scottish Gaelic: fòid — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Serbo-Croatian: travni tepih — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Spanish: tepe — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Spanish: gallón — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Spanish: champa — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Spanish: césped — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Swedish: torva — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Ottoman Turkish: چیم (çim) — a piece of such a layer cut from the soil and used to make a lawn
• Bulgarian: торф (torf) — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Czech: rašelina — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Dutch: turf — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Finnish: turve — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Ingrian: turve — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Italian: torba — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Norwegian: torv — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Portuguese: turfa — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Scottish Gaelic: fòid — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Scottish Gaelic: fàd — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Spanish: turba — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Swedish: torv — a piece of peat used as fuel
• Finnish: reviiri — (slang) the territory claimed by a person, gang, etc. as their own
• Greek: έδαφος (édafos) — (slang) the territory claimed by a person, gang, etc. as their own
• Portuguese: quebrada — (slang) the territory claimed by a person, gang, etc. as their own
• Swedish: täppa — (slang) the territory claimed by a person, gang, etc. as their own
• Vietnamese: địa bàn — (slang) the territory claimed by a person, gang, etc. as their own
• Czech: turf — a racetrack
• Dutch: renbaan — a racetrack
• Finnish: rata — a racetrack
• French: hippodrome — a racetrack
• French: champ de courses — a racetrack
• Greek: ιπποδρόμιο (ippodrómio) — a racetrack
• Portuguese: turfe — a racetrack
• Portuguese: hipódromo — a racetrack
• Spanish: turf — a racetrack
• Spanish: turf — the sport of horse racing
• Finnish: levittää nurmimatto — to create a lawn by laying turfs
• French: gazonner — to create a lawn by laying turfs
• Italian: piotare — to create a lawn by laying turfs
• Italian: zollare — to create a lawn by laying turfs
• Portuguese: relvar — to create a lawn by laying turfs
• Spanish: encespedar — to create a lawn by laying turfs
• Finnish: antaa potkut — (business) to fire from a job
• Finnish: hyllyttää — (business) to cancel a project