Standard Lemma guide

turnover

adj · noun · 14 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • General-American: /ˈtɝnoʊvɚ/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • CMU ARPABET: T ER1 N OW2 V ER0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

adj

Meaning 1

Capable of being turned over; designed to be turned over.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: not-comparable

Examples

  • a turnover collar

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The amount of money taken as sales transacted in a given period.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • The company had an annual turnover of $500,000.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The frequency with which stock is replaced after being used or sold, workers leave and are replaced, a property changes hands, etc.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • High staff-turnover can lead to low morale amongst employees.
  • Job dissatisfaction results in high turnover.
  • Those apartments have a high turnover because they are too close to the railroad tracks.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

A semicircular pastry made by turning one half of a circular crust over the other, enclosing the filling (such as fruit).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • They only served me one apple turnover for breakfast.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: hand pie

5

noun

Meaning 5

A loss of possession of the ball without scoring.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: hobbies, lifestyle, sports

Examples

  • The Nimrods committed another dismaying turnover en route to another humiliating loss.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

A measure of leg speed: the frequency with which one takes strides when running, typically given in strides per minute.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

An act or process of turning something over.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • a turnover in leadership

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

The act or result of overturning something; an upset.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • a bad turnover in a carriage

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

Synonym of runover.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: media, printing, publishing

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: runover

Antonyms: none provided

10

noun

Meaning 10

An apprentice, in any trade, who is handed over from one master to another to complete his time.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, dated, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

11

noun

Meaning 11

the act of upsetting something

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • he was badly bruised by the upset of his sled at a high speed

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: upset, overturn

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: inversion, upending

12

noun

Meaning 12

the volume measured in dollars

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the store's dollar volume continues to rise

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: dollar volume

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: bulk, mass, volume

13

noun

Meaning 13

a dish made by folding a piece of pastry over a filling

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: dish

Narrower terms: apple turnover, knish, pirogi, piroshki, pirozhki, samosa

14

noun

Meaning 14

the ratio of the number of workers that had to be replaced in a given time period to the average number of workers

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: employee turnover, turnover rate

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: ratio

History

Etymology

Deverbal from turn over.

Across languages

Translations

70 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Armenian: շրջանառություն (šrǰanaṙutʻyun) — sales transacted
  • Bulgarian: оборо́т (oborót) — sales transacted
  • Chinese Mandarin: 零售額 /零售额 (língshòu'é) — sales transacted
  • Chinese Mandarin: 營業額 /营业额 (yíngyè'é) — sales transacted
  • Danish: omsætning — sales transacted
  • Dutch: omzet — sales transacted
  • Dutch: zakencijfer — sales transacted
  • Finnish: liikevaihto — sales transacted
  • French: chiffre d'affaires — sales transacted
  • German: Umsatz — sales transacted
  • Hebrew: מחזור (makhzór) — sales transacted
  • Italian: giro d'affari — sales transacted
  • Japanese: 取引高 (torihiki-daka) — sales transacted
  • Korean: 영업 이익 (yeong'eop iik) — sales transacted
  • Norwegian: omsetning — sales transacted
  • Polish: obrót — sales transacted
  • Polish: przychód — sales transacted
  • Portuguese: movimento — sales transacted
  • Russian: товарооборо́т (tovarooborót) — sales transacted
  • Russian: оборо́т (oborót) — sales transacted
  • Serbo-Croatian: promet — sales transacted
  • Spanish: cifra de negocios — sales transacted
  • Swedish: omsättning — sales transacted
  • Ukrainian: о́біг (óbih) — sales transacted
  • Vietnamese: doanh thu — sales transacted
  • Dutch: omzet — rate of change or replacement
  • Dutch: verloop — rate of change or replacement
  • Estonian: käive — rate of change or replacement
  • Finnish: liikevaihto — rate of change or replacement
  • Finnish: kiertonopeus — rate of change or replacement
  • French: taux de renouvellement/taux de remplacement — rate of change or replacement
  • German: Fluktuation — rate of change or replacement
  • Italian: turnover — rate of change or replacement
  • Italian: rotazione — rate of change or replacement
  • Polish: wymiana — rate of change or replacement
  • Polish: rotacja — rate of change or replacement
  • Portuguese: rotatividade — rate of change or replacement
  • Russian: оборо́т (oborót) — rate of change or replacement
  • Russian: теку́честь (tekúčestʹ) — rate of change or replacement
  • Spanish: movimiento de mercancías — rate of change or replacement
  • Spanish: rotación — rate of change or replacement
  • Spanish: rotación laboral — rate of change or replacement
  • Ukrainian: пл́инність кáдрів (pĺynnistʹ kádriv) — rate of change or replacement
  • Catalan: panada — pastry
  • Finnish: piiras — pastry
  • French: chausson — pastry
  • Polish: rożek francuski — pastry
  • Spanish: empanada — pastry
  • Welsh: pasten — pastry
  • Bulgarian: грешка (greška) — loss of ball
  • Catalan: pèrdua de possessió — loss of ball
  • Finnish: pallonmenetys — loss of ball
  • German: Turnover — loss of ball
  • Norwegian Bokmål: balltap — loss of ball
  • Russian: перехва́т (perexvát) — loss of ball
  • Bulgarian: прекатурване (prekaturvane) — act of overturning something
  • Dutch: omdraaiing — act of overturning something
  • Dutch: omdraaien — act of overturning something
  • Finnish: kääntäminen — act of overturning something
  • French: renversement — act of overturning something
  • Galician: vorco — act of overturning something
  • Galician: envorco — act of overturning something
  • Galician: tombo — act of overturning something
  • Galician: rouceo — act of overturning something
  • German: Überschlagen — act of overturning something
  • German: Überkopfgehen — act of overturning something
  • Italian: scombussolamento — act of overturning something
  • Russian: переворо́т (perevorót) — act of overturning something
  • Russian: опроки́дывание (oprokídyvanije) — act of overturning something
  • Spanish: vuelco — act of overturning something
Real reading context

turnover in complete knowledge articles