Standard Lemma guide

umbra

noun · 9 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • ŭmʹbrə
  • /ˈʌmbɹə/
  • Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ʌmbɹə
  • CMU ARPABET: AH1 M B R AH0 Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.

The area on the earth or moon experiencing the total phase of an eclipse.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: astronomy, natural-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The central region of a sunspot.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: astronomy, natural-sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

A shadow.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: literary

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

An uninvited guest brought along by one who was invited.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: archaic

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

One of the family Umbridae of mudminnows.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

One of genus Umbrina of drums (family Sciaenidae).

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

An element of the umbral calculus.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Topics: mathematics, sciences

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

a region of complete shadow resulting from total obstruction of light

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: shadow

History

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin umbra (“shadow”). Doublet of umber.

Across languages

Translations

18 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: kernskaduwee — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • Catalan: ombra — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • Finnish: sydänvarjo — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • Finnish: täysvarjo — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • Finnish: umbra — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • German: Kernschatten — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • Japanese: 本影 — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • Polish: cień — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • Serbo-Croatian: umbra — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • Swedish: umbra — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • Swedish: kärnskugga — the fully shaded inner area of a shadow
  • Danish: umbra — the central region of a sunspot
  • Finnish: umbra — the central region of a sunspot
  • French: ombre — the central region of a sunspot
  • German: Umbra — the central region of a sunspot
  • Norwegian Bokmål: umbra — the central region of a sunspot
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: umbra — the central region of a sunspot
  • Polish: umbra — the central region of a sunspot
Real reading context

umbra in complete knowledge articles