un-

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• Canada, General-American, Received-Pronunciation: /ʌn/
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• Australian: /an/
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From Middle English un-, from Old English un-, from Proto-West Germanic *un-, from Proto-Germanic *un-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-. Cognate with Scots un-, on- (“un-”), North Frisian ün-, Saterland Frisian uun-, West Frisian ûn-, on-, Dutch on-, Low German un-, on-, German un-, Danish u-, Swedish o-, Norwegian u-, Icelandic ó-. More distant cognate with Latin in-, Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) (whence English a-, modern Greek α- (a-)) and Sanskrit अ- (a-). Doublet of in- and a-.

From Middle English on-, from Old English on-, ond-, and- (“against, facing, toward; in return, back, without”), from Proto-West Germanic *anda-, from Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi- (“against”), from Proto-Indo-European *h2énti (“across, forth, forward, ahead”), from *h2énts (“end, limit, forehead”). In some cases the meaning is influenced by un- (“not”, etymology 1).

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ís? Proto-Indo-European *h1óynos Proto-Italic *oinos Old Latin oinos Latin ūnusbor. English un- Borrowed from Latin ūnus.

168 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Afrikaans: on- — denoting absence
• Albanian: nuk ka — denoting absence
• Armenian: ան- (an-) — denoting absence
• Armenian: չ- (čʻ-) — denoting absence
• Armenian: դժ- (dž-) — denoting absence
• Armenian: տ- (t-) — denoting absence
• Belarusian: мала- (mala-) — denoting absence
• Bulgarian: не- (ne-) — denoting absence
• Catalan: in- — denoting absence
• Chinese Mandarin: 不- (bù-) — denoting absence
• Dutch: on- — denoting absence
• Esperanto: mal- — denoting absence
• Esperanto: ne- — denoting absence
• Esperanto: sen- — denoting absence
• Faroese: ó- — denoting absence
• Finnish: -ton — denoting absence
• French: in- — denoting absence
• French: mal — denoting absence
• French: non- — denoting absence
• Galician: in- — denoting absence
• Georgian: არა- (ara-) — denoting absence
• Georgian: უ- -ო (u- -o) — denoting absence
• Georgian: უ- (u-) — denoting absence
• German: un- — denoting absence
• Greek: α- (a-) — denoting absence
• Ancient Greek: ἀ- (a-) — denoting absence
• Icelandic: ó- — denoting absence
• Indonesian: tan- — denoting absence
• Italian: in- — denoting absence
• Kapampangan: e- — denoting absence
• Latin: in- — denoting absence
• Luxembourgish: on- — denoting absence
• Norwegian: u- — denoting absence
• Old Norse: ú- — denoting absence
• Old Norse: ó- — denoting absence
• Persian: بیـ — denoting absence
• Persian: بی — denoting absence
• Pohnpeian: sou- — denoting absence
• Polish: nie- — denoting absence
• Portuguese: in- — denoting absence
• Romanian: ne- — denoting absence
• Romanian: i- — denoting absence
• Russian: не- (ne-) — denoting absence
• Scottish Gaelic: ao- — denoting absence
• Scottish Gaelic: mì- — denoting absence
• Scottish Gaelic: neo- — denoting absence
• Scottish Gaelic: eu- — denoting absence
• Scottish Gaelic: do- — denoting absence
• Scottish Gaelic: an- — denoting absence
• Lower Sorbian: nje- — denoting absence
• Spanish: in- — denoting absence
• Spanish: poco — denoting absence
• Spanish: nada — denoting absence
• Swedish: o- — denoting absence
• Swedish: van- — denoting absence
• Tagalog: di- — denoting absence
• Armenian: ան- (an-) — denoting a lack of
• Armenian: չ- (čʻ-) — denoting a lack of
• Armenian: դժ- (dž-) — denoting a lack of
• Armenian: տ- (t-) — denoting a lack of
• Bulgarian: не- (ne-) — denoting a lack of
• Catalan: in- — denoting a lack of
• Esperanto: mal- — denoting a lack of
• Esperanto: ne- — denoting a lack of
• Esperanto: sen- — denoting a lack of
• Faroese: ó- — denoting a lack of
• Finnish: -ton — denoting a lack of
• Finnish: epä- — denoting a lack of
• French: in- — denoting a lack of
• French: non- — denoting a lack of
• French: sans — denoting a lack of
• Galician: in- — denoting a lack of
• Georgian: უ- (u-) — denoting a lack of
• German: un- — denoting a lack of
• Greek: α- (a-) — denoting a lack of
• Hungarian: -talan — denoting a lack of
• Hungarian: -telen — denoting a lack of
• Hungarian: -atlan — denoting a lack of
• Hungarian: -etlen — denoting a lack of
• Hungarian: -tlan — denoting a lack of
• Hungarian: -tlen — denoting a lack of
• Icelandic: ó- — denoting a lack of
• Kapampangan: emika- — denoting a lack of
• Kapampangan: emiki- — denoting a lack of
• Kapampangan: emi- — denoting a lack of
• Korean: 무- (mu-) — denoting a lack of
• Polish: bez- — denoting a lack of
• Polish: nie- — denoting a lack of
• Portuguese: in- — denoting a lack of
• Portuguese: des- — denoting a lack of
• Russian: без- (bez-) — denoting a lack of
• Russian: бес- (bes-) — denoting a lack of
• Russian: не- (ne-) — denoting a lack of
• Scottish Gaelic: ao- — denoting a lack of
• Scottish Gaelic: mì- — denoting a lack of
• Scottish Gaelic: neo- — denoting a lack of
• Scottish Gaelic: eu- — denoting a lack of
• Scottish Gaelic: do- — denoting a lack of
• Lower Sorbian: nje- — denoting a lack of
• Spanish: in- — denoting a lack of
• Swedish: o- — denoting a lack of
• Tagalog: di- — denoting a lack of
• Afrikaans: on- — violative of; contrary to
• Albanian: pa- — violative of; contrary to
• Armenian: հակա- (haka-) — violative of; contrary to
• Azerbaijani: na- — violative of; contrary to
• Basque: -a — violative of; contrary to
• Belarusian: не- (nje-) — violative of; contrary to
• Bengali: অ- (o-) — violative of; contrary to
• Bulgarian: не- (ne-) — violative of; contrary to
• Catalan: in- — violative of; contrary to
• Chinese Mandarin: 不 (bù) — violative of; contrary to
• Chinese Mandarin: 無 /无 (wú) — violative of; contrary to
• Czech: ne- — violative of; contrary to
• Danish: u- — violative of; contrary to
• Dutch: on- — violative of; contrary to
• Esperanto: mal- — violative of; contrary to
• Finnish: epä- — violative of; contrary to
• French: anti- — violative of; contrary to
• French: in- — violative of; contrary to
• French: non- — violative of; contrary to
• Galician: anti- — violative of; contrary to
• German: un- — violative of; contrary to
• Greek: αντι- (anti-) — violative of; contrary to
• Icelandic: ó- — violative of; contrary to
• Japanese: 不- (fu) — violative of; contrary to
• Japanese: 反- (han) — violative of; contrary to
• Japanese: 無- (mu) — violative of; contrary to
• Javanese: ora — violative of; contrary to
• Kapampangan: e- — violative of; contrary to
• Korean: 불- (bul-) — violative of; contrary to
• Korean: 반- (ban-) — violative of; contrary to
• Lao: ບໍ່- (bǭ) — violative of; contrary to
• Macedonian: не- (ne-) — violative of; contrary to
• Persian: ناـ — violative of; contrary to
• Polish: nie- — violative of; contrary to
• Portuguese: in- — violative of; contrary to
• Portuguese: anti- — violative of; contrary to
• Portuguese: não- — violative of; contrary to
• Russian: не- (ne-) — violative of; contrary to
• Scottish Gaelic: an- — violative of; contrary to
• Scottish Gaelic: mì- — violative of; contrary to
• Serbo-Croatian: не- — violative of; contrary to
• Serbo-Croatian: ne- — violative of; contrary to
• Slovak: ne- — violative of; contrary to
• Slovene: ne- — violative of; contrary to
• Lower Sorbian: nje- — violative of; contrary to
• Spanish: in- — violative of; contrary to
• Swedish: o- — violative of; contrary to
• Swedish: anti- — violative of; contrary to
• Ukrainian: не- (ne-) — violative of; contrary to
• Armenian: ապ- (ap-) — reversal or cancellation
• Dutch: ont- — reversal or cancellation
• Esperanto: mal- — reversal or cancellation
• French: dé- — reversal or cancellation
• French: dés- — reversal or cancellation
• Galician: des- — reversal or cancellation
• German: ent- — reversal or cancellation
• Greek: απο- (apo-) — reversal or cancellation
• Icelandic: af- — reversal or cancellation
• Italian: s- — reversal or cancellation
• Norwegian Bokmål: av- — reversal or cancellation
• Norwegian Bokmål: unn- — reversal or cancellation
• Norwegian Bokmål: opp — reversal or cancellation
• Polish: od- — reversal or cancellation
• Portuguese: des- — reversal or cancellation
• Spanish: des- — reversal or cancellation
• Swedish: av- — reversal or cancellation