Standard Lemma guide

variance

noun · 16 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈvɛə.ɹi.əns/
  • Received-Pronunciation: /ˈvɛː.ɹi.əns/
  • US: /ˈvæɹ.i.əns/ without the Mary–marry–merry merger
  • /ˈvɛɹ.i.əns/ US, Mary–marry–merry merger, Canada
  • Texas: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • Australian: /ˈveː.ɹi.əns/
  • New-Zealand: /ˈveə.ɹi.əns/ without the cheer–chair merger
  • /ˈviə.ɹi.əns/ New Zealand, cheer–chair merger
  • CMU ARPABET: V EH1 R IY0 AH0 N S Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

The act of varying or the state of being variable.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

A difference between what is expected and what is observed; deviation.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The state of differing or being in conflict.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

An official permit to do something that is ordinarily forbidden by regulations.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

A discrepancy between two legal documents.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

A departure from a cause of action originally in a complaint.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: law

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

noun

Meaning 7

The second central moment in probability; the square of the standard deviation.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: mathematics, sciences, statistics

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

The number of degrees of freedom in a system.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: biology, chemistry, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, physics

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

Covariance and contravariance generally.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, programming, sciences

Examples

  • Depending on the variance of the type constructor, the subtyping relation of the simple types may be either preserved, reversed, or ignored for the respective complex types.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

10

noun

Meaning 10

an activity that varies from a norm or standard

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • any variation in his routine was immediately reported

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: variation

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: activity

11

noun

Meaning 11

an official dispensation to act contrary to a rule or regulation (typically a building regulation)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a zoning variance

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: dispensation

12

noun

Meaning 12

the quality of being subject to variation

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: variability, variableness

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: changeableness, changeability

Narrower terms: variedness, variegation, personal equation

13

noun

Meaning 13

a difference between conflicting facts or claims or opinions

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • a growing divergence of opinion

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: discrepancy, disagreement, divergence

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: difference

Narrower terms: allowance, leeway, margin, tolerance

14

noun

Meaning 14

the second moment around the mean; the expected value of the square of the deviations of a random variable from its mean value

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: moment

Narrower terms: standard deviation, covariance

15

noun

Meaning 15

discord that splits a group

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: division

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: discord, dissension

16

noun

Meaning 16

an event that departs from expectations

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: discrepancy, variant

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: deviation, divergence, departure, difference

History

Etymology

From Middle English variance, variaunce, equivalent to vary + -ance, from Old French variance or directly from Anglo-Latin variaunce, veriaunce, wariaunce; all from Latin variantia.

Across languages

Translations

50 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Bulgarian: променливост (promenlivost) — act of varying or the state of being variable
  • Dutch: afwijkend — act of varying or the state of being variable
  • Finnish: vaihtelu — act of varying or the state of being variable
  • Georgian: სხვადასხვაობა (sxvadasxvaoba) — act of varying or the state of being variable
  • Georgian: განსხვავება (gansxvaveba) — act of varying or the state of being variable
  • Portuguese: variância — act of varying or the state of being variable
  • Romanian: variere — act of varying or the state of being variable
  • Russian: расхожде́ние (rasxoždénije) — act of varying or the state of being variable
  • Bulgarian: различие (različie) — difference between what is expected and what happens
  • Dutch: onverwacht — difference between what is expected and what happens
  • Finnish: poikkeama — difference between what is expected and what happens
  • Romanian: variație — difference between what is expected and what happens
  • Bulgarian: разногла́сие (raznoglásie) — state of differing or being in conflict
  • Dutch: contradictorisch — state of differing or being in conflict
  • Finnish: eripuraisuus — state of differing or being in conflict
  • Finnish: erimielisyys — state of differing or being in conflict
  • Georgian: უთანხმოება (utanxmoeba) — state of differing or being in conflict
  • Georgian: ურთიერთწინააღმდეგობა (urtiertc̣inaaɣmdegoba) — state of differing or being in conflict
  • Romanian: contradicție — state of differing or being in conflict
  • Romanian: diferență — state of differing or being in conflict
  • Russian: разногла́сие (raznoglásije) — state of differing or being in conflict
  • Russian: противоре́чие (protivoréčije) — state of differing or being in conflict
  • Bulgarian: несъотве́тствие (nesǎotvétstvie) — discrepancy, especially between two legal documents
  • Dutch: tegenspraak — discrepancy, especially between two legal documents
  • Finnish: ristiriita — discrepancy, especially between two legal documents
  • Georgian: შეუსაბამობა (šeusabamoba) — discrepancy, especially between two legal documents
  • Romanian: discrepanță — discrepancy, especially between two legal documents
  • Russian: расхожде́ние (rasxoždénije) — discrepancy, especially between two legal documents
  • Russian: несоотве́тствие (nesootvétstvije) — discrepancy, especially between two legal documents
  • Arabic: تَبَايُن (tabāyun) — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Basque: bariantza — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Chinese Mandarin: 方差 (fāngchā) — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Chinese Mandarin: 變異數 /变异数 (biànyìshù) — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Czech: rozptyl — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Danish: varians — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Dutch: variantie — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Finnish: varianssi — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • French: variance — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • German: Varianz — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Indonesian: variansi — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Indonesian: ragam — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Italian: varianza — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Japanese: 分散 (bunsan) — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Malay: varians — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Polish: wariancja — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Portuguese: variância — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Russian: диспе́рсия (dispérsija) — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Russian: отклоне́ние (otklonénije) — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Spanish: varianza — second central moment in probability (statistics)
  • Tagalog: alig — second central moment in probability (statistics)
Real reading context

variance in complete knowledge articles