Standard Lemma guide

varnish

noun · verb · 10 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • /ˈvɑː(ɹ)nɪʃ/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -ɑː(ɹ)nɪʃ
  • CMU ARPABET: V AA1 R N IH0 SH Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

A clear or translucent liquid coating composed of resin dissolved in a solvent, which dries by evaporation to form a hard, protective, and typically glossy finish.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

Anything resembling such a coating; a glossy appearance.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

A deceptively showy appearance.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: broadly, countable, figuratively, uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

A passenger train, probably derived from the varnished passenger cars used at one time.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: US, countable, dated, informal, uncountable

Topics: rail-transport, railways, transport

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

verb

Meaning 5

To apply varnish.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: intransitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

verb

Meaning 6

To cover up with varnish.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

To make something superficially or deceptively attractive

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

Examples

  • varnish the report

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

verb

Meaning 8

To gloss over a defect.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: transitive

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

9

noun

Meaning 9

a coating that provides a hard, lustrous, transparent finish to a surface

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: coating, coat

Narrower terms: fixative, shellac, shellac varnish

10

verb

Meaning 10

cover with varnish

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: seal

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: coat, surface

Narrower terms: shellac, shellack

History

Etymology

From Middle English vernisch, vernish, from Old French vernis, from Medieval Latin vernix, veronix, from Byzantine Greek Βερενίκη (Bereníkē, “Berenice”), a town in Cyrenaica, now called Benghazi.

Across languages

Translations

154 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Albanian: llak — transparent paint
  • Arabic: وَرْنِيش (warnīš) — transparent paint
  • Armenian: լաք (lakʻ) — transparent paint
  • Azerbaijani: lak — transparent paint
  • Belarusian: лак (lak) — transparent paint
  • Bengali: বার্নিশ (barniś) — transparent paint
  • Bulgarian: лак (lak) — transparent paint
  • Burmese: ဗားနစ် (ba:nac) — transparent paint
  • Catalan: vernís — transparent paint
  • Chinese Mandarin: 清漆 (qīngqī) — transparent paint
  • Chinese Mandarin: 漆 (qī) — transparent paint
  • Czech: lak — transparent paint
  • Danish: fernis — transparent paint
  • Danish: lak — transparent paint
  • Esperanto: verniso — transparent paint
  • Estonian: lakk — transparent paint
  • Finnish: lakka — transparent paint
  • Finnish: vernissa — transparent paint
  • French: vernis — transparent paint
  • Georgian: ლაკი (laḳi) — transparent paint
  • German: Lack — transparent paint
  • German: Firnis — transparent paint
  • Hindi: वार्निश (vārniś) — transparent paint
  • Hungarian: lakk — transparent paint
  • Hungarian: politúr — transparent paint
  • Hungarian: fénymáz — transparent paint
  • Indonesian: pernis — transparent paint
  • Ingrian: öljy — transparent paint
  • Interlingua: vernisse — transparent paint
  • Irish: vearnais — transparent paint
  • Italian: vernice — transparent paint
  • Japanese: ワニス (wanisu) — transparent paint
  • Japanese: ニス (nisu) — transparent paint
  • Japanese: 仮漆 (kashitsu) — transparent paint
  • Kazakh: лак (lak) — transparent paint
  • Korean: 니스 (niseu) — transparent paint
  • Korean: 옻 (ot) — transparent paint
  • Korean: 바니시 (banisi) — transparent paint
  • Kyrgyz: лак (lak) — transparent paint
  • Latvian: laka — transparent paint
  • Lithuanian: lakas — transparent paint
  • Malay: varnis — transparent paint
  • Manx: lossanagh — transparent paint
  • Manx: varnish — transparent paint
  • Māori: wānihi — transparent paint
  • Central Melanau: berenih — transparent paint
  • Mokilese: parnij — transparent paint
  • Mokilese: warnis — transparent paint
  • Norwegian Bokmål: ferniss — transparent paint
  • Norwegian Bokmål: lakk — transparent paint
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: ferniss — transparent paint
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: lakk — transparent paint
  • Occitan: vernís — transparent paint
  • Persian: ورنی (verni) — transparent paint
  • Polish: lakier — transparent paint
  • Portuguese: verniz — transparent paint
  • Romanian: vernis — transparent paint
  • Romanian: lac — transparent paint
  • Russian: лак (lak) — transparent paint
  • Serbo-Croatian: фи̏рна̄јз — transparent paint
  • Serbo-Croatian: fȉrnājz — transparent paint
  • Slovak: lak — transparent paint
  • Slovene: lak — transparent paint
  • Spanish: barniz — transparent paint
  • Spanish: corladura — transparent paint
  • Spanish: corla — transparent paint
  • Swedish: lack — transparent paint
  • Swedish: fernissa — transparent paint
  • Tagalog: barnis — transparent paint
  • Tagalog: alyamas — transparent paint
  • Tajik: лак (lak) — transparent paint
  • Thai: น้ํามันชักเงา — transparent paint
  • Turkish: vernik — transparent paint
  • Ottoman Turkish: ورنیك (vernik) — transparent paint
  • Ottoman Turkish: روغن (revgan, rugan) — transparent paint
  • Turkmen: lak — transparent paint
  • Ukrainian: лак (lak) — transparent paint
  • Uzbek: lak — transparent paint
  • Venetan: vernize — transparent paint
  • Vietnamese: sơn — transparent paint
  • Vietnamese: véc ni — transparent paint
  • Welsh: farnis — transparent paint
  • Welsh: farnais — transparent paint
  • Bulgarian: гланц (glanc) — anything resembling such a paint
  • Danish: fernis — anything resembling such a paint
  • Danish: lak — anything resembling such a paint
  • Finnish: lakka — anything resembling such a paint
  • German: Firnis — anything resembling such a paint
  • Hungarian: kence — anything resembling such a paint
  • Slovak: lesk — anything resembling such a paint
  • Venetan: vernize — anything resembling such a paint
  • Bulgarian: лустро (lustro) — a deceptively showy appearance
  • Danish: fernis — a deceptively showy appearance
  • Finnish: pintakiilto — a deceptively showy appearance
  • Hungarian: máz — a deceptively showy appearance
  • Portuguese: verniz — a deceptively showy appearance
  • Azerbaijani: laklamaq — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Bulgarian: лакирам (lakiram) — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Catalan: envernissar — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Chinese Mandarin: 塗漆 /涂漆 (túqí) — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Esperanto: vernisi — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Finnish: lakata — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • French: vernir — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Georgian: ლაქის წასმა (lakis c̣asma) — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Georgian: ლაკირება (laḳireba) — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • German: lackieren — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • German: firnissen — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Hungarian: lakkoz — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Hungarian: politúroz — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Hungarian: fényez — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Ingrian: öljytä — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Japanese: 塗る (nuru) — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Māori: wānihi — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Norman: vèrni — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Polish: lakierować — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Portuguese: envernizar — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Russian: лакирова́ть (lakirovátʹ) — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Slovak: lakovať — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Spanish: barnizar — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Spanish: lacar — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Swedish: lacka — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Turkish: verniklemek — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Ottoman Turkish: روغنلامق (ruganlamak) — intransitive: to apply varnish
  • Azerbaijani: laklamaq — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Bulgarian: лакирам (lakiram) — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Finnish: lakata — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Georgian: ლაკირება (laḳireba) — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Hungarian: lakkoz — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Hungarian: politúroz — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Hungarian: fényez — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Ingrian: öljytä — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Polish: lakierować — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Portuguese: envernizar — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Russian: лакирова́ть (lakirovátʹ) — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Russian: покрыва́ть ла́ком (pokryvátʹ lákom) — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Slovak: nalakovať — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Slovak: zalakovať — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Upper Sorbian: firnisować — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Upper Sorbian: sfirnisować — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Spanish: barnizar — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Spanish: lacar — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Spanish: corlar — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Spanish: corlear — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Swedish: lacka — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Ottoman Turkish: روغنلامق (ruganlamak) — transitive: to cover up with varnish
  • Bulgarian: прикривам (prikrivam) — to gloss over a defect
  • Georgian: შენიღბვა (šeniɣbva) — to gloss over a defect
  • Georgian: შელამაზება (šelamazeba) — to gloss over a defect
  • Georgian: დაფარვა (daparva) — to gloss over a defect
  • Hungarian: szépítget — to gloss over a defect
  • Hungarian: takargat — to gloss over a defect
  • Hungarian: kozmetikáz — to gloss over a defect
  • Portuguese: envernizar — to gloss over a defect
  • Russian: прикра́шивать (prikrášivatʹ) — to gloss over a defect
Real reading context

varnish in complete knowledge articles