adj · noun · 19 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
Received-Pronunciation:/ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl/
US:vûr'tĭkəl
US:/ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəl/
US:/ˈvɝ.tə.kəl/
US:Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
rhymes with -ɜː(ɹ)tɪkəl
CMU ARPABET:V ER1 T IH0 K AH0 L
Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
1
adj
Meaning 1
Standing, pointing, or moving straight up or down; parallel to the local direction of gravity; along the direction of a plumb line; perpendicular to something horizontal.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Examples
vertical lines
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: sheer, up-and-down
Antonyms: none provided
2
adj
Meaning 2
In a two-dimensional Cartesian co-ordinate system, describing the axis y oriented normal (perpendicular, at right angles) to the horizontal axis x.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
adj
Meaning 3
In a three-dimensional co-ordinate system, describing the axis z oriented normal (perpendicular, orthogonal) to the basic plane xy.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
4
adj
Meaning 4
Of or pertaining to vertical markets.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Topics: business, marketing
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
5
adj
Meaning 5
Involving different vintages of the same wine type from the same winery.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Qualifier: wine tasting
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
6
adj
Meaning 6
Of an interval: having the two notes sound simultaneously.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: harmonic
Antonyms: horizontal
7
noun
Meaning 7
A vertex or zenith.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
8
noun
Meaning 8
A vertical geometrical figure; a perpendicular.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
9
noun
Meaning 9
An individual slat in a set of vertical blinds.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
10
noun
Meaning 10
A vertical component of a structure.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
11
noun
Meaning 11
A vertical market.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Topics: business, marketing
Examples
We offer specialised accounting software targeting various verticals.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
12
noun
Meaning 12
A command structure for exertion of political power.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Topics: government, politics
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
13
noun
Meaning 13
A segment in a news publication that contains in-depth pieces focused on a specific topic.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Topics: journalism, media
Examples
Near-synonym: column
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: column
Antonyms: none provided
14
adjective
Meaning 14
at right angles to the plane of the horizon or a base line
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
a vertical camera angle
the monument consists of two vertical pillars supporting a horizontal slab
measure the perpendicular height
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: perpendicular
Antonyms: horizontal, inclined
15
adjective
Meaning 15
upright in position or posture
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
an erect stature
erect flower stalks
for a dog, an erect tail indicates aggression
a column still vertical amid the ruins
he sat bolt upright
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: erect, upright
Antonyms: none provided
16
adjective
Meaning 16
relating to or involving all stages of a business from production to distribution
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
17
adjective satellite
Meaning 17
of or relating to different levels in a hierarchy (as levels of social class or income group)
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
vertical social mobility
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
18
noun
Meaning 18
a vertical structural member as a post or stake
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
the ball sailed between the uprights
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: upright
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: structural member
Narrower terms: column, pillar, jamb, post, scantling, stud, shaft, scape, stile
19
noun
Meaning 19
something that is oriented vertically
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: orientation
History
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle French vertical, from Late Latin verticālis.
Across languages
Translations
96 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Arabic:
عَمُودِيّ
(ʕamūdiyy)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Arabic:
رَأْسِيّ
(raʔsiyy)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Armenian:
ուղղահայաց
(uġġahayacʻ)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Assamese:
থিয়
(thio)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Asturian:
vertical
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Azerbaijani:
şaquli
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Belarusian:
вертыка́льны
(vjertykálʹny)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Belarusian:
проставе́сны
(prostavjésny)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Bengali:
খাড়া
(khaṛa)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Bulgarian:
вертика́лен
(vertikálen)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Bulgarian:
отвесен
(otvesen)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Catalan:
vertical
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Chinese Mandarin:
豎的 /竖的
(shù de)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Chinese Mandarin:
垂直
(chuízhí)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Chinese Mandarin:
直立
(zhílì)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Czech:
svislý
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Czech:
vertikální
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Danish:
lodret
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Dutch:
verticaal
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Esperanto:
vertikala
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Estonian:
vertikaal
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Finnish:
pystysuora
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Finnish:
pystysuuntainen
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Finnish:
pysty
— being perpendicular to horizontal
French:
vertical
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Galician:
vertical
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Georgian:
შვეული
(šveuli)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Georgian:
ვერტიკალური
(verṭiḳaluri)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
German:
vertikal
— being perpendicular to horizontal
German:
senkrecht
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Greek:
κατακόρυφος
(katakóryfos)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Greek:
κάθετος
(káthetos)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Hebrew:
אֲנָכִי
(anakhí)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Hindi:
लंबवत्
(lambvat)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Hindi:
ऊर्ध्वाधर
(ūrdhvādhar)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Hungarian:
függőleges
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Hungarian:
vertikális
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Icelandic:
lóðrétt
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Italian:
verticale
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Japanese:
垂直の
(suichoku no)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Japanese:
縦の
(tate no)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Japanese:
直立の
(chokuritsu no)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Korean:
수직의
(sujigui)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Central Kurdish:
ئەستوونی
(estûnî)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Central Kurdish:
ستوونی
(stûnî)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Northern Kurdish:
stûnî
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Latvian:
vertikāls
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Lithuanian:
vertikalus
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Macedonian:
вертикален
(vertikalen)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Malay:
mencancang
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Malay:
menegak
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Malay:
vertikal
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Māori:
poutū
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Māori:
torotika
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Māori:
tūmāhoehoe
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Māori:
tūmārōhoehoe
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Māori:
tūhoehoe
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Moore:
selle
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Moore:
tĩidga
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Norwegian Bokmål:
loddrett
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Norwegian Bokmål:
vertikal
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Norwegian Nynorsk:
loddrett
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Norwegian Nynorsk:
vertikal
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Old English:
upriht
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Persian:
ایستاده
(istâde)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Persian:
عمودی
('amudi)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Persian:
راست
(râst)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Persian:
قائم
(qâ'em)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Polish:
pionowy
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Polish:
wertykalny
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Portuguese:
vertical
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Romanian:
vertical
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Russian:
вертика́льный
(vertikálʹnyj)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Russian:
отве́сный
(otvésnyj)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Scottish Gaelic:
dìreach
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Serbo-Croatian:
вертикалан
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Serbo-Croatian:
усправан
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Serbo-Croatian:
vertikalan
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Serbo-Croatian:
uspravan
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Slovak:
vertikálny
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Slovak:
kolmý
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Slovene:
navpičen
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Slovene:
vertikalen
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Spanish:
vertical
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Swedish:
lodrät
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Swedish:
vertikal
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Tagalog:
tayo
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Thai:
ตั้งฉาก
(tângchàk)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Thai:
ตั้งตรง
(tângtrōng)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Thai:
ตรงดิ่ง
(trōngdìng)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Turkish:
dikey
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Ukrainian:
вертика́льний
(vertykálʹnyj)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Ukrainian:
прямови́сний
(prjamovýsnyj)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Ukrainian:
дозе́мний
(dozémnyj)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Urdu:
عمودی
('umūdī)
— being perpendicular to horizontal
Welsh:
fertigol
— being perpendicular to horizontal
