virtual

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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˈvɜːt͡ʃʊəl/
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• Received-Pronunciation: /ˈvɜːt͡ʃ(ʊ)l/
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• Southern-England: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
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• General-American: /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/
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• New-Zealand: /ˈvɵːt͡ʃuəl/
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• New-Zealand: /ˈvɵːt͡ʃəl/
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• New-Zealand: [ˈvɵːt͡ʃɯ(l)]
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• rhymes with -ɜː(ɹ)tʃuəl
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• rhymes with -ɜːtʃəl
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• CMU ARPABET: V ER1 CH UW0 AH0 L Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.
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PIE word *wiHrós The adjective is derived from Middle English vertual, virtual [and other forms], from Old French vertüal, vertüelle (modern French virtuel), or from their etymon Medieval Latin virtuālis (“of or pertaining to potency or power; having power to produce an effect, potent; morally virtuous”), from Latin virtūs (“goodness, virtue; manliness, virility”) (from vir (“adult male, man”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós (“man”), possibly from *weyh1- (“to chase, hunt, pursue”)) + -tūs (suffix forming collective or abstract nouns)) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship), modelled after virtuōsus (“good, virtuous”). Sense 4 (“pertaining to a theoretical infinitesimal velocity in a mechanical system that does not violate the system’s constraints”) is borrowed from French virtuel, from Middle French virtuel, from Old French vertüal, vertüelle: see above. The noun is derived from the adjective. Cognates * French virtuel * Italian virtuale * Spanish virtual

115 source translations are retained for this English entry.

• Bulgarian: виртуа́лен (virtuálen) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Catalan: virtual — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Danish: virtuel — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Dutch: virtueel — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Finnish: virtuaalinen — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Finnish: näennäinen — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• French: virtuel — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Galician: virtual — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Georgian: ფაქტიური (pakṭiuri) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• German: virtuell — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• German: eigentlich — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Greek: εικονικός (eikonikós) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Hebrew: כאילו (keílu) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Hebrew: כביכול (kivjakhól) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Hungarian: virtuális — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Indonesian: maya — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Italian: virtuale — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Japanese: 事実上の (jijitsujō no) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Korean: 사실상의 (sasilsang-ui) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Latin: virtualis — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Macedonian: ви́стински (vístinski) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Māori: mariko — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Persian: مجازی (majâzi) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Piedmontese: virtual — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Polish: wirtualny — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Polish: dosłowny — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Polish: rzeczywisty — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Portuguese: virtual — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Romanian: virtual — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Russian: сло́вно (slóvno) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Russian: бу́дто бы (búdto by) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Spanish: virtual — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Turkish: sanal — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Ukrainian: я́к би (ják by) — in effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality
• Catalan: virtual — for practical purposes, though not technically
• Finnish: melkein — for practical purposes, though not technically
• French: pratiquement — for practical purposes, though not technically
• Galician: virtual — for practical purposes, though not technically
• Georgian: თითქმის (titkmis) — for practical purposes, though not technically
• Georgian: ფაქტობრივად (pakṭobrivad) — for practical purposes, though not technically
• Georgian: რეალურად (realurad) — for practical purposes, though not technically
• German: fast — for practical purposes, though not technically
• German: praktisch wie — for practical purposes, though not technically
• Japanese: ほとんど (hotondo) — for practical purposes, though not technically
• Spanish: virtual — for practical purposes, though not technically
• Turkish: neredeyse — for practical purposes, though not technically
• Finnish: etä- — operating using a computer and/or online rather than physically present
• Finnish: virtuaalinen — operating using a computer and/or online rather than physically present
• Finnish: virtuaali- — operating using a computer and/or online rather than physically present
• Arabic: خَيَالِيّ (ḵayāliyy) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Belarusian: віртуа́льны (virtuálʹny) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Bengali: ভার্চুয়াল (bharcuẏal) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Bulgarian: виртуа́лен (virtuálen) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Catalan: virtual — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Chinese Cantonese: 虛擬 /虚拟 (heoi1 ji5) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Chinese Mandarin: 虛擬 /虚拟 (xūnǐ) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Czech: virtuální — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Dutch: virtueel — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Esperanto: virtuala — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Finnish: virtuaalinen — simulated in a computer and/or online
• French: virtuel — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Galician: virtual — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Georgian: ვირტუალური (virṭualuri) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• German: computersimuliert — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Greek: εικονικός (eikonikós) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Hebrew: ווירטואלי (virtuáli) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Hindi: वर्चुअल (varcual) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Hungarian: virtuális — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Indonesian: maya — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Irish: fíorúil — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Italian: virtuale — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Japanese: 仮想の (kasō no) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Japanese: バーチャル (bācharu) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Kazakh: виртуалды (virtualdy) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Kazakh: виртуалдық (virtualdyq) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Macedonian: виртуе́лен (virtuélen) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Malay: maya — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Māori: mariko — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Nepali: भर्चूअल (bharcūal) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Polish: wirtualny — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Portuguese: virtual — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Russian: виртуа́льный (virtuálʹnyj) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Spanish: virtual — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Swedish: virtuell — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Thai: เสมือนจริง — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Turkish: sanal — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Ukrainian: віртуальний (virtualʹnyj) — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Walloon: forveyou — simulated in a computer and/or online
• Catalan: virtual — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Finnish: näennäis- — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Finnish: virtuaalinen — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Galician: virtual — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Greek: εικονικός (eikonikós) — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Hebrew: ווירטואלי (virtuáli) — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Irish: fíorúil — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Kazakh: виртуалды (virtualdy) — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Macedonian: виртуе́лен (virtuélen) — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Portuguese: virtual — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Russian: виртуа́льный (virtuálʹnyj) — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Spanish: virtual — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Ukrainian: віртуа́льний (virtuálʹnyj) — of a class member: capable of being overridden with a different implementation in a subclass
• Finnish: virtuaalinen — pertaining to a theoretical infinitesimal velocity in a mechanical system that does not violate the system’s constraints; of other physical quantities: resulting from such a velocity
• Finnish: virtuaalinen — pertaining to a theoretical quality of something which would produce an observable effect if counteracting factors such as friction are disregarded
• Finnish: näennäinen — pertaining to a theoretical quality of something which would produce an observable effect if counteracting factors such as friction are disregarded
• Finnish: teoreettinen — pertaining to a theoretical quality of something which would produce an observable effect if counteracting factors such as friction are disregarded
• Finnish: vale- — of a focus or point: from which light or other radiation apparently emanates; of an image: produced by light that appears to diverge from a point beyond the reflecting or refracting surface
• Finnish: virtuaalinen — pertaining to particles in temporary existence due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle
• Finnish: virtuaali- — pertaining to particles in temporary existence due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle
• Finnish: virtuaalinen — of a quantum state: having an intermediate, short-lived, and unobservable nature
• Finnish: virtuaali- — of a quantum state: having an intermediate, short-lived, and unobservable nature
• Finnish: näennäinen — that which is imitated or simulated rather than existing in fact or reality; an instance of this
• Finnish: virtuaalinen — that which is imitated or simulated rather than existing in fact or reality; an instance of this
• Finnish: lumetodellisuus — that which is simulated in a computer and/or online; an instance of this — see also virtual reality
• Finnish: virtuaalitodellisuus — that which is simulated in a computer and/or online; an instance of this — see also virtual reality
• Finnish: virtuaalimetodi — virtual member function of a class