name · noun · verb · 19 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.
A very long project [...] had taken a whole group of people through a painful waterfall development process.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
11
noun
Meaning 11
The action of drinking from a vessel without touching it with the lips, considered more sanitary for a shared vessel.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: US, slang
Examples
Hey man, can I take a waterfall from your bottle?
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
12
noun
Meaning 12
A necktie.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: colloquial, dated
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
13
noun
Meaning 13
A chignon (hairstyle).
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: colloquial, dated
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
14
noun
Meaning 14
A beard.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: colloquial, dated
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
15
noun
Meaning 15
A kind of handstand with chin tucked and back arched.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Topics: gymnastics, hobbies, lifestyle, sports
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
16
verb
Meaning 16
To fall like a waterfall.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: intransitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
17
verb
Meaning 17
To drink (something) from a container by pouring it from a height so as not to touch one's lips to the rim.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: transitive
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
18
verb
Meaning 18
Synonym of recycle.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Qualifier: roller derby
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: recycle
Antonyms: none provided
19
noun
Meaning 19
a steep descent of the water of a river
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: falls
Antonyms: none provided
Broader terms: body of water, water
Narrower terms: cascade, cataract, American Falls, Angel, Angel Falls, Canadian Falls, Horseshoe Falls, Cuquenan, Cuquenan Falls, Kukenaam, Kukenaam Falls, Iguazu, Iguazu Falls, Iguassu, Iguassu Falls, Victoria Falls, Niagara, Niagara Falls, Paulo Afonso, Paulo Afonso Falls, Sete Quedas, Guaira, Guaira Falls, Takakkaw, Tugela, Tugela Falls, Twin, Twin Falls, Urubupunga, Urubupunga Falls, Victoria, Yosemite, Yosemite Falls
History
Etymology
See waterfall.
From Middle English waterfal, waterfalle, from Old English wæterġefeall (“waterfall”), equivalent to water + fall. Cognate with West Frisian wetterfal (“waterfall”), Dutch waterval (“waterfall”), German Wasserfall (“waterfall”), Swedish vattenfall (“waterfall”).
Across languages
Translations
305 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Abenaki:
panjahlôk
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Afrikaans:
waterval
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Dupaningan Agta:
tapaw
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Ahtna:
naghilen
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Ainu:
ソ
(so)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Albanian:
ujëvarë
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Albanian:
skuranë
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Albanian:
lëvare
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Amharic:
ፏፏቴ
(fwafwate)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Amis:
cascas
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Western Apache:
túnálį́į́’
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Arabic:
شَلَّال
(šallāl)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Arabic:
شلّال
(šallāl)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Arabic:
شَلَّال
(šallāl)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Aragonese:
salto d'augua
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Armenian:
ջրվեժ
(ǰrvež)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Asi:
busáy
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Asturian:
catarata
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Asturian:
saltu d'agua
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Asturian:
saltadoriu
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Asturian:
pimplón
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Asturian:
tabayón
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Avar:
чвахи
(čwaxi)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Azerbaijani:
şəlalə
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
West Coast Bajau:
boe' pansur
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Bashkir:
шарлауыҡ
(şarlawıq)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Basque:
ur-jauzi
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Belarusian:
вадаспа́д
(vadaspád)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Bengali:
ঝরনা
(jhorna)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Bengali:
জলপ্রপাত
(jolopropat)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Bhojpuri:
झरना
(jharənā)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Bihari:
झरना
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Central Bikol:
busay
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Eastern Bontoc:
oto
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Breton:
lamm-dour
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Brunei Bisaya:
wasai
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Bulgarian:
водопа́д
(vodopád)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Burmese:
ရေတံခွန်
(retamhkwan)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Catalan:
cascada
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Cebuano:
busay
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Chechen:
чухчари
(čuxčari)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Cherokee:
ᎠᎹᏍᎧᎦᎯ
(amaskagahi)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Chichewa:
dziwe
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Chinese Cantonese:
瀑布
(buk6 bou3)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Eastern Min Chinese:
瀑布
(bŭk-buó)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Hakka Chinese:
瀑布
(phau-pu)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Chinese:
瀑布
(zh-min-nan)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Chinese Mandarin:
瀑布
(pùbù)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Wu Chinese:
瀑布
(8boq-pu; 6bau-pu)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Chinook Jargon:
tumwata
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Chuvash:
шарлак
(šarlak)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
West Circassian:
псыкъефэх
(psəqefɛx)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Cornish:
dowrlam
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Czech:
vodopád
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Danish:
vandfald
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Dusun:
wasai (Central Dusun, Tambunan Dusun)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Dutch:
waterval
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Erzya:
ведьпрамо
(veďpramo)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Esperanto:
akvofalo
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Esperanto:
kaskado
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Estonian:
kosk
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Estonian:
juga
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Faroese:
fossur
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Fijian:
savu
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Finnish:
vesiputous
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
French:
cascade
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
French:
chute d'eau
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
West-Frisian:
wetterfal
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Galician:
fervenza f cadoiro m cachoeira
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Galician:
freixa
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Galician:
seimeira
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Galician:
cenza
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Georgian:
ჩანჩქერი
(čančkeri)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Georgian:
წყალვარდნილი
(c̣q̇alvardnili)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
German:
Wasserfall
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
German:
Katarakt
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Greek:
καταρράκτης
(katarráktis)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Ancient Greek:
καταρράκτης
(katarrháktēs)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Gujarati:
ધોધ
(dhodh)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Haitian Creole:
kaskad
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Hawaiian:
wailele
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Hebrew:
מַפַּל מַיִם
(mapál máyim)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Hiligaynon:
talogan
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Hindi:
जलप्रपात
(jalaprapāt)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Hindi:
झरना
(jharnā)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Hungarian:
vízesés
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Hungarian:
zuhatag
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Icelandic:
foss
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Ido:
aquofalo
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Igbo:
nsụda mmiri
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Ilocano:
dissuor
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Indonesian:
air terjun
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Ingrian:
koski
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Interlingua:
cascada
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Inuktitut:
ᖁᖅᓗᕐᓂᖅ
(qoqlorniq)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Iranun:
aig a tibpu'
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Irish:
eas
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Italian:
cascata
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Italian:
rapida
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Japanese:
滝
(taki)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Japanese:
瀑布
(bakufu)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Javanese:
ꦒꦿꦺꦴꦗꦺꦴꦒꦤ꧀
(grojogan)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Coastal Kadazan:
vasai
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kalasha:
uč̣hár
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lubuagan Kalinga:
teub
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Southern Kalinga:
pakungupung
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Southern Kalinga:
poy-asan
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kanakanabu:
caacan
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kannada:
ಜಲಪಾತ
(jalapāta)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kannada:
ಧಬಧಬೆ
(dhabadhabe)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kannada:
ಅಬ್ಬಿ
(abbi)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kannada:
ಜೋಗು
(jōgu)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kannada:
ನೀರಿನ ಬೀಳು
(nīrina bīḷu)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kapampangan:
tulari
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Karachay-Balkar:
чучхур
(çuçxur)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kazakh:
құлама
(qūlama)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kazakh:
сарқырама
(sarqyrama)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Khmer:
ទឹកធ្លាក់
(tɨk thlĕək)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Khowar:
غوݯھار
(ġoc̣hár)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kimaragang:
vasoi
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kinaray-a:
tarogan
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Korean:
폭포
(pokpo)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kumyk:
шаршар
(şarşar)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Central Kurdish:
تاڤگە
(tavge)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Northern Kurdish:
gilale
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Northern Kurdish:
sûlav
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kyrgyz:
шаркыратма
(şarkıratma)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Kyrgyz:
шаркырама
(şarkırama)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lao:
ນ້ໍາຕົກຕາດ
(nam tok tāt)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lao:
ນ້ໍາຕົກ
(nam tok)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lao:
ຕົກຕາດ
(tok tāt)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lao:
ນ້ໍາຕາດ
(nam tāt)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lao:
ນ້ໍາໂຕນຕາດ
(nam tōn tāt)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lao:
ນ້ໍາໂຕນຜາ
(nam tōn phā)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lao:
ໂຕນຕາດ
(tōn tāt)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Latin:
cataracta
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Latin:
aquae dēiectus
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Latin:
aqua dēsiliēns
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Latvian:
ūdenskritums
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Limburgish:
waterval
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lithuanian:
krioklys
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lotud:
wasai
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Lower Tanana:
noghilenh
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Luxembourgish:
Waasserfall
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Macedonian:
водопад
(vodopad)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Malagasy:
riana
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Malagasy:
rian-drano
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Malay:
air terjun
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Malay:
air memancur
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Brunei Malay:
wasai
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Brunei Malay:
aing terajun
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Malayalam:
വെള്ളച്ചാട്ടം
(veḷḷaccāṭṭaṁ)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Maltese:
kaskata
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Manchu:
ᡨᡠᡵᠠᡴᡡ
(turakū)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Manx:
eas
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Māori:
hīrere
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Māori:
hohō
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Māori:
tāheke
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Māori:
wairere
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Mapudungun:
trayken
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Marathi:
धबधबा
(dhabadhbā)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Eastern Mari:
вӱдшуҥгалтыш
(vüdšuŋgaltyš)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Mauritian Creole:
kaskad
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Minangkabau:
sarasah
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Mingrelian:
წყარგელაფუ
(c̣q̇argelapu)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Mon:
ဍာ်ဆၚ်
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Mongolian:
хүрхрээ
(xürxree)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tagal Murut:
bosoi
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Timugon Murut:
bosoi
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Navajo:
hadahiilį́
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Nepali:
झरना
(jharanā)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Newar:
झ्वाला
(jhwālā)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Norwegian Bokmål:
foss
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Norwegian Bokmål:
fossefall
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Norwegian Bokmål:
vannfall
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Norwegian Bokmål:
vassfall
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Norwegian Nynorsk:
foss
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Norwegian Nynorsk:
fossefall
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Norwegian Nynorsk:
vassfall
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Occitan:
cascada
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Occitan:
chorrèra
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Church Slavic:
хлѧбь
(xlębĭ)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Old English:
wæterġefeall
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Old Norse:
fors
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Oromo:
finchaa
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Ossetian:
ӕхсӕрдзӕн
(æxsærʒæn)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Pacoh:
achúh
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Pashto:
آبشار
(ābšār)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Pashto:
زاوه
(zāwa)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Pashto:
بربړوک
(barbaṛuk)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Pashto:
ګړونګه
(gaṛunga)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Iranian Persian:
آبْشار
(âbšâr)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Pitjantjatjara:
waḻa
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Plautdietsch:
Wotafaul
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Polish:
wodospad
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Portuguese:
cachoeira
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Portuguese:
queda-d'água
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Portuguese:
cascata
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Portuguese:
salto
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Portuguese:
catarata
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Punjabi:
ਝਰਨਾ
(jharnā)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Punjabi:
چھمبر
(chmbr)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Quechua:
phaqcha
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Quechua:
pagca
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Quechua:
pagza
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Romanian:
cascadă
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Romanian:
cădere de apă
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Rungus:
vosoi
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Russian:
водопа́д
(vodopád)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Skolt-Sami:
kuõškk
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Sanskrit:
जलपात
(jalapāta)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Sanskrit:
जलप्रपात
(jalaprapāta)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Santali:
ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ
(jharna)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Sardinian:
ciurràrgiu
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Scots:
watterfaw
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Scottish Gaelic:
linne
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Scottish Gaelic:
eas
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Serbo-Croatian:
во̏допа̄д
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Serbo-Croatian:
сла̑п
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Serbo-Croatian:
бу̑к
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Serbo-Croatian:
vȍdopād
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Serbo-Croatian:
slȃp
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Serbo-Croatian:
bȗk
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Shona:
mapopoma
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Sinhalese:
දිය ඇල්ල
(diya ælla)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Slovak:
vodopád
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Slovene:
slap
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Somali:
biyo-dhac
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Upper Sorbian:
wodopad
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Spanish:
catarata
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Spanish:
cascada
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Spanish:
caída de agua
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Sundanese:
ᮎᮥᮛᮥᮌ᮪
(curug)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Sundanese:
curug
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Swahili:
maanguko
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Swedish:
vattenfall
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tagalog:
talon
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tajik:
обшор
(obšor)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tajik:
шаршара
(šaršara)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tajik:
шалола
(šalola)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tamil:
அருவி
(aruvi)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tamil:
நீர்வீழ்ச்சி
(nīrvīḻcci)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tarifit:
ašaršar
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tatar:
шарлавык
(şarlawıq)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Telugu:
జలపాతము
(jalapātamu)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Thai:
น้ําตก
(náam-dtòk)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tibetan:
བབས་ཆུ
(babs chu)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Tulu:
ಜಲಪಾತ
(jalapāta)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Turkish:
şelale
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Turkish:
çavlan
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Turkish:
kaskat
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Turkish:
çağlayan
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Turkmen:
şaglawuk
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Ukrainian:
водоспа́д
(vodospád)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Unami:
sukpehëlak
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Urdu:
آبْشار
(ābśār)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Uyghur:
شارقىراتما
(sharqiratma)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Uzbek:
shalola
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Uzbek:
sharshara
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Vietnamese:
thác nước
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Vietnamese:
thác
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Volapük:
vatafal
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Võro:
viisadang
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Walloon:
ertcheute d' aiwe
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Waray-Waray:
tubighóg
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Welsh:
rhaeadr
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Welsh:
pistyll
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Welsh:
sgwd
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Xhosa:
ingxangxasi
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Yakut:
күрүлгэн
(kürülgen)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Yiddish:
וואַסערפֿאַל
(vaserfal)
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Yoruba:
isosileomi
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Zhuang:
raemxgienghdat
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff
Zulu:
impophoma
— flow of water over the edge of a cliff