adj · adv · 6 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
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New-Zealand:/ˌwəl.iːˈnəl.iː/
India:/ˌwil.iːˈnil.iː/
rhymes with -ɪli
1
adj
Meaning 1
That happens whether willingly or unwillingly.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: nilly-willy
Antonyms: none provided
2
adj
Meaning 2
Seemingly random; haphazard; arbitrary.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
3
adv
Meaning 3
Whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected; whether willingly or unwillingly.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: nilly-willy, nolens volens
Antonyms: none provided
4
adv
Meaning 4
Seemingly at random; haphazardly.
Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract
Usage: idiomatic
Examples
The novel Alice in Wonderland describes a place where things happen willy-nilly.
Some writers chasing money churn out novels willy-nilly.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
5
adverb
Meaning 5
in a random manner
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
Examples
the houses were randomly scattered
bullets were fired into the crowd at random
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: randomly, indiscriminately, haphazardly, arbitrarily, at random, every which way
Antonyms: none provided
6
adverb
Meaning 6
without having a choice
Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0
No example sentence was provided for this meaning.
Meaning relationships
Synonyms: none provided
Antonyms: none provided
History
Etymology
Literally, “Be one willing to, be one unwilling to”. From will I, nill I (“whether I want to or not”, with both verbs in the subjunctive), reflecting the old (viz. pre-Great Vowel Shift) pronunciation of I as ee, not yet as eye. Conflated with will he, nill he (with silent h) and will ye, nill ye (with yod dropping), meaning likewise “be he/you willing or not”. For more, refer to the individual component words: * will (“to desire, to wish, to be willing”) (archaic) * nill (“to not desire or wish, to be unwilling”) (obsolete) Compare Latin volens nolens, velim nōlim and English harum-scarum, which have this same meaning.
Across languages
Translations
66 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Finnish:
joka tapauksessa tapahtuva
— that happens whether willingly or unwillingly
Polish:
jak popadnie
— that happens whether willingly or unwillingly
Arabic:
طَوْعًا أَوْ كَرْهًا
(ṭawʕan ʔaw karhan)
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Arabic:
شاءَ مَن شاءَ وَأَبَى مَن أَبَى
(šāʔa man šāʔa waʔabā man ʔabā)
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Armenian:
ուզած-չուզած
(uzac-čʻuzac)
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Armenian:
կամա թե ակամա
(kama tʻe akama)
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Catalan:
vulgui o no vulgui
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Czech:
chtě nechtě
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Czech:
volky nevolky
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Dutch:
willens nillens
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Estonian:
tahes-tahtmata
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Finnish:
halusimme tai emme
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Finnish:
miten sattuu
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
French:
bon gré mal gré
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
German:
wohl oder übel
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
German:
ob man will oder nicht
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
German:
nolens volens
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Greek:
εκών άκων
(ekón ákon)
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Greek:
με το ζόρι
(me to zóri)
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Hungarian:
akár tetszik, akár nem
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Hungarian:
ha tetszik, ha nem
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Hungarian:
így is, úgy is
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Hungarian:
kénytelen-kelletlen
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Ido:
vole o nevole
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Italian:
volente o nolente
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Korean:
싫든 좋든
(silteun joteun)
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Latin:
volens nolens
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Latin:
velim nōlim
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Lithuanian:
nori nenori
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Polish:
chcąc nie chcąc
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Polish:
nolens volens
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Portuguese:
querendo ou não
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Portuguese:
queira ou não queira
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Portuguese:
obrigatoriamente
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Russian:
во́лей-нево́лей
(vólej-nevólej)
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Russian:
хо́чешь не хо́чешь
(xóčešʹ ne xóčešʹ)
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Scottish Gaelic:
a dheòin no a dh'aindeoin
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Scottish Gaelic:
iochd air n-achd
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Serbo-Croatian:
хтео не хтео
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Serbo-Croatian:
хтио не хтио
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Serbo-Croatian:
hteo ne hteo
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Serbo-Croatian:
htio ne htio
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Spanish:
guste o no guste
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Spanish:
quiera o no quiera
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Spanish:
quiérase o no
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Spanish:
sea como sea
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Spanish:
velis nolis
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Swedish:
nolens volens
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Tatar:
irekle-ireksez
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Turkish:
ister istemez
— whether desired or not; without regard for consequences or wishes of those affected
Czech:
nahodile
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Finnish:
miten sattuu
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
German:
einfach so
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
German:
scheinbar zufällig
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
German:
wahllos
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
German:
willkürlich
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Italian:
a casaccio
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Latin:
per saturam
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Polish:
na chybił trafił
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Portuguese:
de qualquer jeito
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Portuguese:
de qualquer maneira
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Russian:
тя́п-ля́п
(tjáp-ljáp)
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Spanish:
a tontas y a locas
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Spanish:
de cualquier manera
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Spanish:
sin son
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly
Swedish:
på måfå
— seemingly at random — see also haphazardly