Standard Lemma guide

writing

noun · verb · 12 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

Each Play button uses your device's default local English voice, or a natural local fallback. The selected voice name appears after playback. This is synthesized speech, not a source recording.

  • rītʹĭng
  • /ˈɹaɪtɪŋ/
  • US: Recorded audio is listed in the source snapshot.
  • rhymes with -aɪtɪŋ
  • homophone: riding (some varieties with flapping)
  • CMU ARPABET: R AY1 T IH0 NG Digits mark lexical stress: 1 primary, 2 secondary, 0 unstressed.

1

noun

Meaning 1

Graphism of symbols such as letters that express some meaning.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

2

noun

Meaning 2

Something written, such as a document, article or book.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

3

noun

Meaning 3

The process of representing a language with symbols or letters.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: uncountable

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

4

noun

Meaning 4

A work of an author.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable

Examples

  • Congrats, you did an interesting piece of writing.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

5

noun

Meaning 5

The style of writing of a person.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable

Examples

  • I can't read your writing.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

6

noun

Meaning 6

Intended for or used in writing.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: countable, uncountable

Examples

  • a writing table

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

7

verb

Meaning 7

present participle and gerund of write

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: form-of, gerund, participle, present

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

8

noun

Meaning 8

the activity of putting something in written form

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • she did the thinking while he did the writing

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: committal to writing

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: activity

Narrower terms: cryptography, coding, secret writing, steganography, handwriting, inscription, notation

9

noun

Meaning 9

the act of creating written works

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • writing was a form of therapy for him
  • it was a matter of disputed authorship

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: authorship, composition, penning

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: verbal creation

Narrower terms: adoxography, drafting, dramatization, dramatisation, fabrication, fictionalization, fictionalisation, historiography, metrification, novelization, novelisation, redaction, lexicography, versification

10

noun

Meaning 10

letters or symbols that are written or imprinted on a surface to represent the sounds or words of a language

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • he turned the paper over so the writing wouldn't show
  • the doctor's writing was illegible

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: written communication, written language, black and white

Narrower terms: orthography, writing system, coding system, capitalization, capitalisation, typing, typewriting, printing, handwriting, hand, script, hieroglyph, hieroglyphic, skywriting, printing process, notation, notational system

11

noun

Meaning 11

the work of a writer; anything expressed in letters of the alphabet (especially when considered from the point of view of style and effect)

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the writing in her novels is excellent
  • that editorial was a fine piece of writing

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: written material, piece of writing

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: written communication, written language, black and white

Narrower terms: bowdlerization, bowdlerisation, title, cryptogram, cryptograph, secret writing, rewrite, revision, rescript, literary composition, literary work, literature, matter, criticism, literary criticism, section, subdivision, paragraph, diary, journal, inscription, lettering, manuscript, ms, autograph, treatise, adaptation, version, essay, editing, redaction, sacred text, sacred writing, religious writing, religious text, screed, document, written document, papers, dramatic composition, dramatic work, dithyramb, plagiarism, transcript, Ayurveda

12

noun

Meaning 12

(usually plural) the collected work of an author

Definition source: Princeton WordNet 3.0

Examples

  • the idea occurs with increasing frequency in Hemingway's writings

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

Broader terms: oeuvre, work, body of work, written communication, written language, black and white

Narrower terms: patristics, patrology

History

Etymology

From Middle English writing, writyng, wryting, wrytyng, from Old English wrīting (“writing”), equivalent to write + -ing.

From Middle English writinge, wrytynge, writende, writand, from Old English wrītende, present participle of Old English wrītan (“to scratch, carve, write”), equivalent to write + -ing.

Across languages

Translations

309 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Afrikaans: skryfwerk — written letters or symbols
  • Albanian: shkrim — written letters or symbols
  • Amharic: መጻፍ (mäṣaf) — written letters or symbols
  • Arabic: كِتَابَة (kitāba) — written letters or symbols
  • Arabic: كتابة (ketāba) — written letters or symbols
  • Aramaic: כתבא (ktābā, ktobo) — written letters or symbols
  • Aramaic: ܟܬܒܐ (ktābā, ktobo) — written letters or symbols
  • Armenian: գիր (gir) — written letters or symbols
  • Armenian: գրելը (grelə) — written letters or symbols
  • Armenian: գրություն (grutʻyun) — written letters or symbols
  • Aromanian: scriari — written letters or symbols
  • Aromanian: scriiturã — written letters or symbols
  • Azerbaijani: yazı — written letters or symbols
  • Bashkir: яҙма (yaźma) — written letters or symbols
  • Basque: idazketa — written letters or symbols
  • Belarusian: пісьмо́ (pisʹmó) — written letters or symbols
  • Belarusian: пі́сьменнасць (písʹmjennascʹ) — written letters or symbols
  • Bengali: লিখন (likhon) — written letters or symbols
  • Breton: skritur — written letters or symbols
  • Bulgarian: пи́сане (písane) — written letters or symbols
  • Bulgarian: пи́сменост (písmenost) — written letters or symbols
  • Burmese: အရေးအသား (a.re:a.sa:) — written letters or symbols
  • Catalan: escriptura — written letters or symbols
  • Chechen: йаздар (jazdar) — written letters or symbols
  • Chinese Mandarin: 文字 (wénzì) — written letters or symbols
  • Czech: písmo — written letters or symbols
  • Danish: skrift — written letters or symbols
  • Dutch: schrift — written letters or symbols
  • Dutch: schrijfsel — written letters or symbols
  • Dutch: geschrift — written letters or symbols
  • Egyptian: Y3-Y1V (zẖꜣ) — written letters or symbols
  • Esperanto: skribo — written letters or symbols
  • Estonian: kiri — written letters or symbols
  • Extremaduran: escreviúra — written letters or symbols
  • Finnish: kirjoitus — written letters or symbols
  • French: écriture — written letters or symbols
  • Friulian: scriture — written letters or symbols
  • Galician: escrita — written letters or symbols
  • Georgian: წერა (c̣era) — written letters or symbols
  • German: Schrift — written letters or symbols
  • Gothic: 𐌼𐌴𐌻 (mēl) — written letters or symbols
  • Greek: γραφή (grafí) — written letters or symbols
  • Ancient Greek: γραφή (graphḗ) — written letters or symbols
  • Hebrew: כְּתִיבָה (ktivá) — written letters or symbols
  • Hindi: लेखन (lekhan) — written letters or symbols
  • Hindi: लिखाई (likhāī) — written letters or symbols
  • Hungarian: írás — written letters or symbols
  • Icelandic: skrift — written letters or symbols
  • Ido: skribado — written letters or symbols
  • Indonesian: tulisan — written letters or symbols
  • Irish: scríbhneoireacht — written letters or symbols
  • Italian: scrittura — written letters or symbols
  • Japanese: 筆記 (hikki) — written letters or symbols
  • Japanese: 文字 — written letters or symbols
  • Kannada: ಬರವಣಿಗೆ (baravaṇige) — written letters or symbols
  • Kapampangan: pamagsulat — written letters or symbols
  • Kapampangan: pamanyulat — written letters or symbols
  • Kazakh: жазу (jazu) — written letters or symbols
  • Khmer: ការសរសេរ (kaa sɑɑsɑsee) — written letters or symbols
  • Korean: 쓰기 (sseugi) — written letters or symbols
  • Korean: 문자 (munja) — written letters or symbols
  • Central Kurdish: نوسین (nusîn) — written letters or symbols
  • Kyrgyz: жазуу (jazuu) — written letters or symbols
  • Lao: ການຂຽນ (kān khīan) — written letters or symbols
  • Latin: scriptum — written letters or symbols
  • Latin: codex — written letters or symbols
  • Latin: caudex — written letters or symbols
  • Latvian: rakstīšana — written letters or symbols
  • Lithuanian: rašymas — written letters or symbols
  • Luxembourgish: Schrëft — written letters or symbols
  • Macedonian: пишување (pišuvanje) — written letters or symbols
  • Malay: tulisan — written letters or symbols
  • Malay: penulisan — written letters or symbols
  • Malayalam: എഴുത്ത് (eḻuttŭ) — written letters or symbols
  • Maltese: kitba — written letters or symbols
  • Marathi: लेखन (lekhan) — written letters or symbols
  • Central Sierra Miwok: sykýˀ-ja- — written letters or symbols
  • Mongolian: бичиг (bičig) — written letters or symbols
  • Norman: êcrituthe — written letters or symbols
  • Norwegian Bokmål: skrift — written letters or symbols
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: skrift — written letters or symbols
  • Dari: نَوِشْتَه (nawišta) — written letters or symbols
  • Iranian Persian: نِوِشْتِه (nevešte) — written letters or symbols
  • Plautdietsch: Schreft — written letters or symbols
  • Polish: pismo — written letters or symbols
  • Portuguese: escrita — written letters or symbols
  • Punjabi: ਲਿਖਾਈ (likhāī) — written letters or symbols
  • Quechua: qillqa — written letters or symbols
  • Romanian: scriere — written letters or symbols
  • Russian: пи́сьменность (písʹmennostʹ) — written letters or symbols
  • Russian: письмо́ (pisʹmó) — written letters or symbols
  • Scottish Gaelic: sgrìobhadh — written letters or symbols
  • Serbo-Croatian: писање — written letters or symbols
  • Serbo-Croatian: pisanje — written letters or symbols
  • Slovak: písmo — written letters or symbols
  • Slovak: písanie — written letters or symbols
  • Slovene: pisava — written letters or symbols
  • Spanish: escritura — written letters or symbols
  • Spanish: escriptura — written letters or symbols
  • Swahili: andiko — written letters or symbols
  • Swedish: skrivkonst — written letters or symbols
  • Swedish: skrift — written letters or symbols
  • Tamil: எழுத்து (eḻuttu) — written letters or symbols
  • Tamil: எழுதுதல் (eḻututal) — written letters or symbols
  • Telugu: రాత (rāta) — written letters or symbols
  • Thai: การเขียน (gaan-kǐian) — written letters or symbols
  • Tuoba: 地何 — written letters or symbols
  • Turkish: yazı — written letters or symbols
  • Ottoman Turkish: یازی (yazı) — written letters or symbols
  • Ottoman Turkish: سواد (sevâd) — written letters or symbols
  • Ukrainian: писе́мність (pysémnistʹ) — written letters or symbols
  • Ukrainian: письмо́ (pysʹmó) — written letters or symbols
  • Urdu: لیکَھن (lekhan) — written letters or symbols
  • Uyghur: يېزىق (yëziq) — written letters or symbols
  • Uzbek: yozuv — written letters or symbols
  • Vietnamese: chữ viết — written letters or symbols
  • Welsh: ysgrifen — written letters or symbols
  • Yiddish: שריפֿט (shrift) — written letters or symbols
  • Yucatec Maya: tsʼíib — written letters or symbols
  • Acehnese: teunuléh — something written
  • Albanian: shkrim — something written
  • Arabic: كِتَابَة (kitāba) — something written
  • Arabic: كتابة (ketāba) — something written
  • Aramaic: כתבא (ktābā, ktobo) — something written
  • Aramaic: ܟܬܒܐ (ktābā, ktobo) — something written
  • Armenian: գրություն (grutʻyun) — something written
  • Aromanian: scriari — something written
  • Aromanian: scriiturã — something written
  • Bashkir: яҙма (yaźma) — something written
  • Bulgarian: писа́ние (pisánie) — something written
  • Bulgarian: на́дпис (nádpis) — something written
  • Czech: spis — something written
  • Dutch: schrijfsel — something written
  • Dutch: geschrift — something written
  • Esperanto: skribaĵo — something written
  • Estonian: kirjutis — something written
  • Finnish: kirjoitus — something written
  • French: écrit — something written
  • Friulian: scriture — something written
  • German: Schrift — something written
  • German: Schriftstück — something written
  • Gothic: 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐌰 (bōka) — something written
  • Greek: γραπτό (graptó) — something written
  • Greek: έγγραφο (éngrafo) — something written
  • Ancient Greek: γραφή (graphḗ) — something written
  • Ancient Greek: δέλτος (déltos) — something written
  • Hebrew: כְּתוּבִים (ktuvím) — something written
  • Hindi: लिखित (likhit) — something written
  • Hindi: लेख (lekh) — something written
  • Hungarian: írás — something written
  • Indonesian: tulisan — something written
  • Latin: scriptum — something written
  • Malay: tulisan — something written
  • Marathi: लेखन (lekhan) — something written
  • Mongolian: ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠮᠡᠯ (bičimel) — something written
  • Mongolian: бичмэл (bičmel) — something written
  • Norman: êcrithie — something written
  • Plautdietsch: Schreft — something written
  • Polish: napis — something written
  • Polish: pismo — something written
  • Portuguese: escrita — something written
  • Romanian: scriere — something written
  • Romanian: scriitură — something written
  • Russian: писа́ние (pisánije) — something written
  • Russian: за́пись (zápisʹ) — something written
  • Russian: на́дпись (nádpisʹ) — something written
  • Slovene: zapis — something written
  • Spanish: escrito — something written
  • Spanish: escritura — something written
  • Spanish: escripto — something written
  • Spanish: escriptura — something written
  • Swahili: maandiko — something written
  • Turkish: yazı — something written
  • Ottoman Turkish: یازی (yazı) — something written
  • Ottoman Turkish: سواد (sevâd) — something written
  • Ukrainian: писа́ння (pysánnja) — something written
  • Welsh: ysgrif — something written
  • Yucatec Maya: tsʼíib — something written
  • Arabic: كِتَابَة (kitāba) — process of representing a language
  • Azerbaijani: yazı — process of representing a language
  • Bashkir: яҙыу (yaźıw) — process of representing a language
  • Belarusian: піса́нне (pisánnje) — process of representing a language
  • Belarusian: піса́ньне (pisánʹnje) — process of representing a language
  • Belarusian: пісьмо́ (pisʹmó) — process of representing a language
  • Bulgarian: пи́сане (písane) — process of representing a language
  • Chichewa: kulémba — process of representing a language
  • Chinese Mandarin: 寫作 /写作 (xiězuò) — process of representing a language
  • Czech: psaní — process of representing a language
  • Dutch: geschrijf — process of representing a language
  • Dutch: schrijven — process of representing a language
  • Estonian: kirjutamine — process of representing a language
  • Finnish: kirjoittaminen — process of representing a language
  • French: écriture — process of representing a language
  • German: Schreiben — process of representing a language
  • German: Schrift — process of representing a language
  • Greek: γραφή (grafí) — process of representing a language
  • Hebrew: כְּתִיבָה (ktivá) — process of representing a language
  • Hindi: लेख (lekh) — process of representing a language
  • Hungarian: írás — process of representing a language
  • Indonesian: penulisan — process of representing a language
  • Indonesian: kepenulisan — process of representing a language
  • Interlingua: scriptura — process of representing a language
  • Japanese: 書くこと (kaku koto) — process of representing a language
  • Japanese: ライティング (raitingu) — process of representing a language
  • Japanese: 執筆 (shippitsu) — process of representing a language
  • Kazakh: жазу (jazu) — process of representing a language
  • Korean: 쓰기 (sseugi) — process of representing a language
  • Korean: 적기 (jeokgi) — process of representing a language
  • Korean: 집필 (jip'pil) — process of representing a language
  • Kyrgyz: жазуу (jazuu) — process of representing a language
  • Ladino: eskritura — process of representing a language
  • Latin: scriptūra — process of representing a language
  • Luganda: okuwandiika — process of representing a language
  • Macedonian: пишување (pišuvanje) — process of representing a language
  • Mongolian: ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ (bičilge) — process of representing a language
  • Mongolian: бичлэг (bičleg) — process of representing a language
  • Norman: êcrituthe — process of representing a language
  • Dari: نَوِیسَنْدَگِی (nawīsandagī) — process of representing a language
  • Iranian Persian: نِویسَنْدِگی (nevisandegi) — process of representing a language
  • Polish: pisanie — process of representing a language
  • Portuguese: escrita — process of representing a language
  • Romanian: scris — process of representing a language
  • Russian: писа́ние (pisánije) — process of representing a language
  • Russian: письмо́ (pisʹmó) — process of representing a language
  • Slovak: písanie — process of representing a language
  • Slovene: pisanje — process of representing a language
  • Spanish: escritura — process of representing a language
  • Spanish: escriptura — process of representing a language
  • Swahili: maandiko — process of representing a language
  • Swahili: uandikaji — process of representing a language
  • Tagalog: panulatan — process of representing a language
  • Tajik: нависандагӣ (navisandagi) — process of representing a language
  • Turkish: yazı — process of representing a language
  • Ottoman Turkish: یازی (yazı) — process of representing a language
  • Ottoman Turkish: سواد (sevâd) — process of representing a language
  • Turkmen: ýazuw — process of representing a language
  • Ukrainian: письмо́ (pysʹmó) — process of representing a language
  • Ukrainian: писа́ння (pysánnja) — process of representing a language
  • Uzbek: yozuv — process of representing a language
  • Võro: kirotaminõ — process of representing a language
  • Albanian: vepër — work of an author
  • Bashkir: әҫәр (əśər) — work of an author
  • Belarusian: твор (tvor) — work of an author
  • Bulgarian: произведе́ние (proizvedénie) — work of an author
  • Bulgarian: труд (trud) — work of an author
  • Chinese Mandarin: 寫作 /写作 (xiězuò) — work of an author
  • Chinese Mandarin: 著作 (zhùzuò) — work of an author
  • Czech: spis — work of an author
  • Dutch: schrijfsel — work of an author
  • Dutch: werk — work of an author
  • Dutch: oeuvre — work of an author
  • Estonian: kirjutis — work of an author
  • Estonian: kirjatöö — work of an author
  • Estonian: teos — work of an author
  • Finnish: kirjoitus — work of an author
  • Finnish: teos — work of an author
  • French: œuvre — work of an author
  • German: Schrift — work of an author
  • German: Arbeit — work of an author
  • German: Werk — work of an author
  • Greek: έργο (érgo) — work of an author
  • Hindi: रचना (racnā) — work of an author
  • Hindi: लेख (lekh) — work of an author
  • Indonesian: tulisan — work of an author
  • Indonesian: karangan — work of an author
  • Japanese: 著作 (chosaku) — work of an author
  • Korean: 저작 (jeojak) — work of an author
  • Central Kurdish: نوسین (nusîn) — work of an author
  • Polish: utwór — work of an author
  • Polish: dzieło — work of an author
  • Portuguese: obra — work of an author
  • Russian: произведе́ние (proizvedénije) — work of an author
  • Spanish: escrito — work of an author
  • Spanish: escritura — work of an author
  • Spanish: escripto — work of an author
  • Spanish: escriptura — work of an author
  • Swahili: maandiko — work of an author
  • Telugu: రచన (racana) — work of an author
  • Telugu: రచనలు (racanalu) — work of an author
  • Turkish: yazı — work of an author
  • Ukrainian: твір (tvir) — work of an author
  • Arabic: كتبة — style of writing
  • Bashkir: яҙыу (yaźıw) — style of writing
  • Bashkir: ҡул (qul) — style of writing
  • Bulgarian: по́черк (póčerk) — style of writing
  • Finnish: käsiala — style of writing
  • Greek: γραφή (grafí) — style of writing
  • Hebrew: כְּתָב (ktav) — style of writing
  • Hindi: शैली (śailī) — style of writing
  • Hindi: लेखन (lekhan) — style of writing
  • Indonesian: tulisan — style of writing
  • Italian: scrittura — style of writing
  • Luganda: empandiika — style of writing
  • Mongolian: ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ (bičilge) — style of writing
  • Mongolian: бичлэг (bičleg) — style of writing
  • Portuguese: letra — style of writing
  • Russian: по́черк (póčerk) — style of writing
  • Swahili: maandiko — style of writing
  • Tagalog: panulatan — style of writing
  • Turkish: yazı — style of writing
  • Ukrainian: по́черк (póčerk) — style of writing
  • Dutch: schrijf- — made for or used in writing
  • Estonian: kirjutus- — made for or used in writing
  • Finnish: kirjoitus- — made for or used in writing
  • German: Schrift- — made for or used in writing
  • Greek: γραφο- (grafo-) — made for or used in writing
  • Swahili: maandiko — made for or used in writing
  • Turkish: yazmalık — made for or used in writing
  • Ottoman Turkish: یازمەلق (yazmalık) — made for or used in writing
Real reading context

writing in complete knowledge articles