Standard Lemma guide

Xiongnu

noun · 1 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot

Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.

Sound

Pronunciation

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  • /ˈʃjɒŋnuː/
  • /ˈʃɒŋnuː/

1

noun

Meaning 1

An ancient nomadic-based people that formed a state or confederation north of the agriculture-based empire of the Han dynasty.

Definition source: English Wiktionary via Wiktextract

Usage: historical, plural, plural-only

No example sentence was provided for this meaning.

Meaning relationships

Synonyms: none provided

Antonyms: none provided

History

Etymology

Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 匈奴 (Xiōngnú). Possibly a doublet of Hun; their relationship to the Huns is disputed.

Across languages

Translations

17 source translations are retained for this English entry.

  • Arabic: شيونغنو — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Chinese Mandarin: 匈奴 (Xiōngnú) — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Finnish: xiongnut — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Finnish: xiongnu-kansa — ancient nomadic-based people
  • French: Xiongnu — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Japanese: 匈奴 (kyōdo) — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Korean: 흉노 (hyungno) — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Mongolian: хүннү (xünnü) — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Mongolian: ᠾᠦ᠋ᠩᠨ᠋ᠦ (hüngnü) — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Persian: شیونگنو (fârs) — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Russian: ху́нну (xúnnu) — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Russian: хунну́ (xunnú) — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Russian: сю́нну (sjúnnu) — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Russian: сюнну́ (sjunnú) — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Turkish: Asya Hun — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Turkish: Hiung Nu — ancient nomadic-based people
  • Vietnamese: Hung Nô — ancient nomadic-based people
Real reading context

Xiongnu in complete knowledge articles