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Both reading and writing are important skills for anyone who wants to do business in English. Here is a list of suggested writing topics. *MBTI / Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator *The Campbell-Stone Restoration Movement World Convention National Profile Pages *Peter Drucker *The de Vinci…
No content here yet. Please look at this slang and idioms link while we get started on this page. empty A Ambulance chaser: An unskilled and unethical lawyer. B Ball park: A baseball term: To estimate how close something is to an accurate number. If something is in the ball park it is close enough…
When in Rome, do as American tourists do everywhere – American proverb Sometimes etiquette is easily explained to the non-native in a clear set of rules that any decent member of the culture follows. For example, in Japan it is considered impolite to show the soles of one’s shoes toward another…
Cold calls are telephone calls to anyone that you do not know and have not spoken with before. We often make cold calls to try to establish business contacts; to get a job, find a new client, seek someone else’s services, or initiate any other business relationship. Following are some tips on how…
To deal with American business persons it is a good idea to understand something about American sports. Many businessmen were athletes in high school and college and have had their way of thinking formed by team sports. It is important to know a little about the most popular sports: football (not…
Do something that you know well, where you have experience and are an expert. You should thoroughly understand all of the issues related to the activity. Sometimes people can be tempted to do something that looks simple to start and deal with. The fact is that in any activity that you can imagine…
Next up we will learn two very important things: articles and adjectives. Both articles and adjectives typically occur before the noun they modify, with articles occurring before adjectives. Like other languages, English has a definite and an indefinite article. Unlike most Romance languages,…
'To be' is perhaps the most important verb in the English language. It is known as a 'copular verb'. 'Be' is irregular, so its present tense conjugation must be memorized. Here is the present tense conjugation, with their IPA equivalents. * I am. /æːm/ * You are. /ɑr/ * He is. /ɪz/ * She is. /ɪz/ *…
This information is intended to be used as a resource for educators to find ways to help English language learners. It is crucial for educators to teach to students' learning styles. Moreover, identifying what is the best learning style to use is critical when teaching English language learners.…
English has many rules on capitalization and spelling, and spelling tends to vary between different dialects (especially British English and American English). There are several times when letters must be capitalized in English. They are: 1) At the start of a sentence; "The cat is on the bed." 2)…
Schoolchildren, also called school kids, do homework. They do not like it. At least, they say that they do not like it. Homework is assignments that children do outside of class. However, sometimes students have time in class to do their homework. When a teacher gives an assignment to do during…
Welcome! This book attempts to introduce prospective students to the English language. We hope to create a solid and well-done course to those who wish to learn how to speak, read, and write English. The benefits of learning this language are manifold: English is spoken in more countries than any…
English forms negatives in the Simple Present using not. The verb to be is special. Here is the negative form for it. * I am from Canada. - I am not from Canada. * She is from Finland. - She is not from Finland. * She is from Finland. - She isn't from Finland * She is from Finland. - She's not from…
This page lists numbers used in English and provides phonetic transcriptions to help you pronounce them. 1 - one /wʌn/ 2 - two /tu/ 3 - three /θɹi/ 4 - four /fɔɹ/ 5 - five /faiv/ 6 - six /sɪks/ 7 - seven /ˈsɛvən/ 8 - eight /eit/ 9 - nine /nain/ 10 - ten /tɛn/ 11 - eleven /əˈlɛvən/ 12 - twelve…
There are two basic forms of English as an additional language: English to use in an English-speaking region (e.g. by refugees and immigrants) and English to use in a non-English-speaking region (e.g. by international business people). This textbook offers resources for English teachers working in…
: This Wikibook is mostly for English beginners or pre-intermediate students. We also have a book for B2 (Upper Intermediate) students called English for B2 Students */Introduction/ */Overview/ *Chapter 0: Morphology and Spelling **/The English alphabet/ **/Pronunciation/ **/General rules of…
English has 6 personal pronouns. = Subject Personal Pronouns = Subject Pronouns are words that replace subject nouns or subject noun phrases. I - first person singular (yo, eu, je, ich, أنا) You - second person singular (tú (usted)*, tu (você)*, tu, du, أنت) He/She/It - third person singular…
Generally, making plurals (more than 1 of something) is very easy in English. For almost all nouns we form the plural by adding s. * I have an apple * I have 5 apples. For nouns which end with the letter y we form the plural by removing the y and adding ies. * I have a fly * I have 5 flies. For…
We use possessives when we talk about things which are owned by somebody or a direct relation to someone or something. In many languages it is common to talk about possession using a structure like 'object of subject' where the object is owned or possessed by the subject. This is possible in…
The progressive in English describes actions that were ongoing at one point in time. It can also be called the continuous. The past progressive describes an action that was ongoing in the past but is no longer going on. The past progressive can be used to describe an action that was ongoing before…
The symbols used for consonants are shown in the following table. Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the left is voiceless, the one to the right voiced. Received Pronunciation is the prestige British accent, sometimes referred to as BBC English. It is used as the standard in most media…
In English, the past simple form of regular verbs end in ed. * play -> played * shout -> shouted * kick -> kicked * cry -> cried There are 3 possible pronunciations of the suffix (ending) ed: # /d/ - the most common form, pronounced simple d (example: played) # /t/ - common for some verbs whose…
Questions in English often start with an interrogative which describes the type of information being asked for. Some examples are: Note how the word order changes between the question and the answer. In yes-no questions (so-called polar questions) the word order is usually the same, but instead of…
RAIL TRAVEL Buying a train ticket A young traveller goes up to the ticket office in a Railway Station in England: *Traveller: "A ticket to Coventry, please." *Clerk: "Is that a single or a return?" *Traveller: "A return, please. " *Clerk: "That's five pounds seventy then." *(The traveller hands…
Relative clauses are used to expand sentences and provide extra information. * I live with my mother. * I live with my mother, who's very strict. The second sentence is a relative clause. It uses a relative pronoun (who) to provide extra information about the object of the sentence (mother). In…
School is a place where students, often children, go to learn. The students, also called pupils, learn in groups called classes. A teacher (or teachers) instructs (teaches) each class. Students listen to the teacher and do schoolwork while at school and then homework in the evening at home. In the…
The past tense signifies actions that were done in the past. Conjugating verbs to show the past tense is very easy in English, almost as easy as conjugating the present tense. Regular verbs take the ending '-d' or 'ed' in the affirmative. The negative and interrogative are formed using did (past of…
The present simple tense is usually regular. Yet, there are a few exceptions, particularly with verbs ending in 'y'. Compared to most other Indo-European languages, English regular verbs have simple conjugation, because the first and second person forms are the same. Here is an example of the form…
Stores are places that sell things. People go to stores to buy things. There are many different types of stores. Each store sells different things. Some stores sell clothes, others sell electronic equipment, and still others sell food, or toys. People use money to pay for things, both in person and…
Talking about time is important to be able to speak English well but it can be confusing because of different sayings and formats for time in different countries. For example, in the USA it is very rare for people to use the 24 hour clock (e.g. 18.30) when speaking or writing. The 24 hour clock is…
