noun · 9 senses · updated from the 2026-07-25 local source snapshot
Definitions and examples are grouped by meaning. Pronunciation, history, word forms, translations, descendants, synonyms, antonyms, derived terms, and related words appear whenever the source provides them.
Sound
Pronunciation
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From Middle English kingdom, kyngdom, from Old English cyningdōm from Proto-Germanic *kuningadōmaz, equivalent to king + -dom. Cognate with Scots kingdom, West Frisian keuningdom, Dutch koningdom, German Königtum, Danish kongedømme, Swedish kungadöme, and Icelandic konungdómur. Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh1- Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Germanic *kunją Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kwo-der.? Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Germanic *-īnaz Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz ? Proto-Germanic *-ingaz Proto-Germanic *kuningaz Proto-Indo-European *dheh1- Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *dhóh1mos Proto-Germanic *dōmaz Proto-Germanic *-dōmaz Proto-Germanic *kuningadōmaz Proto-West Germanic *kuningadōm Old English cyningdōm Middle English kingdom English kingdom
Across languages
Translations
304 source translations are retained for this English entry.
Acehnese:
keurajeuën
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Afrikaans:
koninkryk
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Aghwan:
𐕞𐕡𐕀𐕒𐕡𐕎
(üwxun)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Albanian:
mbretëria
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Albanian:
mretënía
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Arabic:
مَمْلَكَة
(mamlaka)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Arabic:
مُلْك
(mulk)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Arabic:
مملكة
(mamlaka)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Aramaic:
ܡܠܟܘܬܐ
(malkūṯā)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Jewish Babylonian Aramaic:
מַלְכּוּתָא
(malkūṯā)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Armenian:
թագավորություն
(tʻagavorutʻyun)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Armenian:
արքայություն
(arkʻayutʻyun)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Aromanian:
vãsilii
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Aromanian:
amirãrilji
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Aromanian:
duvleti
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Aromanian:
crat
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Asturian:
reinu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Asturian:
reñu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Azerbaijani:
krallıq
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Azerbaijani:
sultanlıq
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Azerbaijani:
padşahlıq
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Basque:
erresuma
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Belarusian:
карале́ўства
(karaljéwstva)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Belarusian:
ца́рства
(cárstva)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Bengali:
রাজ্য
(rajjo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Bengali:
সালতানাত
(saltanat)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Bengali:
মুলুক
(muluk)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Central Bikol:
kahadean
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Breton:
rouantelezh
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Bulgarian:
кра́лство
(králstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Burmese:
တိုင်းပြည်
(tuing:prany)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Catalan:
regne
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Catalan:
reialme
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Chechen:
элибахам
(elibaxam)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Chechen:
пачхьалкх
(pačḥralq)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Chichewa:
ufumu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Chinese Cantonese:
王國 /王国
(wong4 gwok3)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Chinese:
王國 /王国
(zh-min-nan)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Chinese Mandarin:
王國 /王国
(wángguó)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Chinese Mandarin:
君主國 /君主国
(jūnzhǔguó)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Coptic:
ⲙⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟ
(metouro)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Cornish:
ruvaneth
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Corsican:
riaumu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Corsican:
riame
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Corsican:
regnu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Czech:
království
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Dalmatian:
raigno
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Danish:
kongerige
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Danish:
kongedømme
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Danish:
rige
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Dutch:
koninkrijk
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Esperanto:
reĝlando
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Estonian:
kuningriik
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Fala:
reinu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Faroese:
kongsríki
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Finnish:
kuningaskunta
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
French:
royaume
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Middle French:
royaulme
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Old French:
reaume
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
North Frisian:
kiningrik
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Saterland Frisian:
Köönichriek
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
West-Frisian:
keninkryk
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Friulian:
ream
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Galician:
reino
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Georgian:
სამეფო
(samepo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
German:
Königreich
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
German:
Königtum
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Bavarian German:
Kinereich
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Gothic:
𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌹
(þiudangardi)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Greek:
βασίλειο
(vasíleio)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Greek:
βασιλεία
(vasileía)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Ancient Greek:
βασιλεία
(basileía)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Greenlandic:
kunngeqarfik
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Hawaiian:
aupuni mōʻī
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Hebrew:
מַמְלָכָה
(mamlakhá)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Hebrew:
מלכות
(malkhút)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Hindi:
राज्य
(rājya)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Hindi:
बादशाहत
(bādśāhat)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Hindi:
सल्तनत
(saltanat)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Hindi:
मुल्क
(mulk)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Hungarian:
királyság
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Hunsrik:
Keenichreich
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Icelandic:
konungsríki
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Icelandic:
konungsdæmi
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Icelandic:
konungsveldi
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Ido:
rejio
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Indonesian:
kerajaan
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Irish:
ríocht
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Italian:
regno
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Italian:
reame
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Japanese:
王国
(ōkoku)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Kannada:
ರಾಜ್ಯ
(rājya)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Karelian:
suarinmua
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Kazakh:
корольдік
(koroldık)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Kazakh:
корольдық
(koroldyq)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Kazakh:
бектік
(bektık)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Kazakh:
патшалық
(patşalyq)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Khmer:
រាជាណាចក្រ
(riəciənaacak)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Khmer:
ចក្រភព
(cakkraʼphup)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Khmer:
នគរ
(nɔɔnɔkɔɔ)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Korean:
왕국
(wangguk)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Central Kurdish:
شایەتی
(şayetî)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Northern Kurdish:
şehîtî
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Kven:
kuninkhaanriiki
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Kven:
kuningasriikki
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Kyrgyz:
королевство
(korolevstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Kyrgyz:
падышалык
(padışalık)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Lao:
ອານາຈັກ
(ʼā nā chak)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Lao:
ພຣະຣາຊອານາຈັກ
(phra rā s nā chak)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Latgalian:
kieneste
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Latin:
rēgnum
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Latvian:
karaliste
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Latvian:
valstība
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Ligurian:
régno
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Lingala:
bokonzi
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Lithuanian:
karalystė
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Low German:
Königriek
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Luganda:
olubiri
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Luxembourgish:
Kinnekräich
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Macedonian:
кралство
(kralstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Malay:
kerajaan
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Malay:
kedatuan
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Malay:
mamlakat
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Maltese:
renju
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Manchu:
ᠸᠠᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ
(wang gurun)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Manx:
reeriaght
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Māori:
kīngitanga
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Māori:
rangatiratanga
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Maranao:
ndato'an
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Maranao:
ndatoan
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Maranao:
ilian
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Marathi:
राज्य
(rājya)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Marshallese:
aelōn̄
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Marshallese:
aelōn̄in kiin̄
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Moksha:
оцязорксши
(ocäzorksši)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Mongolian:
ᠸᠠᠩᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ
(wangtu ulus)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Mongolian:
ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ
(qaɣantu ulus)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Mongolian:
вант улс
(vant uls)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Mongolian:
хаант улс
(xaant uls)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Nahuatl:
hueyitlahtohcayotl
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Nepali:
अधिराज्य
(adhirājya)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Norman:
rouoyaume
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Norman:
reyoume
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Norman:
rouoyanme
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Norman:
royaûme
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Norwegian Bokmål:
kongerike
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Norwegian Bokmål:
kongedømme
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Occitan:
reialme
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Occitan:
reiaume
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Church Slavic:
цѣсарьство
(cěsarĭstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Old English:
rīċe
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Old Saxon:
kuningdom
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Old Saxon:
rīki
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Pannonian Rusyn:
кральовство
(kralʹovstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Papiamentu:
reino
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Pashto:
پاچايي
(pāčāyi)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Pashto:
بادشاهي
(bādšāhi)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Pashto:
باچاهي
(bāčāhi)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Pashto:
باچايي
(bāčāyi)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Pashto:
پاچاهي
(pāčāhi)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Pashto:
سلطنت
(səltanat, soltanat)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Iranian Persian:
پادِشاهی
(pâdešâhi)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Iranian Persian:
پادْشاهی
(pâdšâhi)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Iranian Persian:
سَلْطَنَت
(saltanat)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Iranian Persian:
مُلْک
(molk)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Polabian:
ťenądztwü
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Polish:
królestwo
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Portuguese:
reino
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Quechua:
qhapaqsuyu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Romanian:
regat
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Romansh:
reginavel
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Romansh:
reginam
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Romansh:
raginam
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Romansh:
reginom
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Russian:
короле́вство
(korolévstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Russian:
ца́рство
(cárstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Lule-Sami:
gånågisrijkka
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Northern Sami:
gonagasriika
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Southern Sami:
gånkarijhke
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Sardinian:
regnu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Sardinian:
aregnu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Sardinian:
rennu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Scots:
kingdom
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Scots:
kinrick
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Scottish Gaelic:
rìoghachd
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Serbo-Croatian:
кра́љевство
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Serbo-Croatian:
кра́љевина
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Serbo-Croatian:
králjevstvo
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Serbo-Croatian:
králjevina
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Silesian:
krōlestwo
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Sinhalese:
රාජ්යය
(rājyaya)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Slovak:
kráľovstvo
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Slovene:
kraljevina
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Slovene:
kraljestvo
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Lower Sorbian:
kralojstwo
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Upper Sorbian:
kralestwo
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Spanish:
reino
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Sranan Tongo:
kownukondre
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Swahili:
ufalme
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Swahili:
milki
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Swedish:
kungarike
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Swedish:
konungarike
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Swedish:
kungadöme
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Swedish:
konungadöme
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Tagalog:
kaharian
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Tajik:
подшоҳӣ
(podšohi)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Tajik:
подишоҳӣ
(podišohi)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Tajik:
салтанат
(saltanat)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Tajik:
мулк
(mulk)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Tamil:
இராஜ்யம்
(irājyam)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Tamil:
அரசு
(aracu)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Tashelhit:
tagldit
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Tatar:
патшалык
(patşalıq)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Telugu:
రాజ్యము
(rājyamu)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Thai:
อาณาจักร
(aa-naa-jàk)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Tumbuka:
ufumu
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Turkish:
krallık
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Turkmen:
şalyk
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Turkmen:
patyşalyk
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Udmurt:
эксэйлык
(eksejlyk)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Udmurt:
царство
(carstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Ukrainian:
королі́вство
(korolívstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Ukrainian:
ца́рство
(cárstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Urdu:
بادْشاہَت
(bādśāhat)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Urdu:
سَلْطَنَت
(saltanat)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Urdu:
مَمْلُکَت
(mamlukat)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Urdu:
مَمْلَکَت
(mamlakat)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Urdu:
مُلْک
(mulk)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Uyghur:
پادىشاھلىق
(padishahliq)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Uyghur:
خانلىق
(xanliq)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Uyghur:
سەلتەنەت
(seltenet)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Uzbek:
qirollik
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Uzbek:
podsholik
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Uzbek:
podshohlik
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Vietnamese:
vương quốc
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Vilamovian:
kyngrajch
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Welsh:
teyrnas
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Yakut:
королевство
(korolevstvo)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Yakut:
саарыстыба
(saarïstïba)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Yiddish:
קעניגרײַך
(kenigraykh)
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Zhuang:
vangzgoz
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Zhuang:
vuengzguek
— realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen
Finnish:
valtakunta
— realm, region, or conceptual space where something is dominant
Afrikaans:
koninkryk
— taxonomic division, below Domain and above Phylum
